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Topic: Sri Lankan Supplementary Vote

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	Sri Lankan Supplementary Vote - Electowiki
		In Sri Lanka a system that may be considered a variant of the Supplementary Vote (SV) is used to elect the president.
		The current Sri Lankan presidential voting system is sometimes described as a form of the Supplementary Vote and sometimes as a variant of Instant Run-off Voting, but differs from both in important respects.
		In this vote, the candidates for the capital are Memphis, Nashville, Chattanooga, and Knoxville.
	wiki.electorama.com /wiki/Sri_Lankan_Supplementary_Vote (949 words)

	Sri Lanka Newspapers -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The island of Sri Lanka, formerly Ceylon, lies within the Indian Ocean, with the Bay of Bengal to the northeast, separated from the Indian subcontinent by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait.
		Sri Lanka is ethnically, linguistically, and religiously diverse.
		A parliamentary no-confidence vote requires dissolution of the cabinet and the appointment of a new one by the president.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/140/sri-lanka-newspapers.html (1752 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Supplementary Vote
		The Supplementary Vote is used to elect several mayors in England, including the Mayor of London.
		The Supplementary Vote is not a form of proportional representation, and were it used to elect a council or legislature, it could be expected to overrepresent larger parties at the expense of smaller ones in the same manner as other systems based on single winner elections, such as Single Member Plurality and Instant Run-off Voting.
		The name of the "Supplementary Vote" was coined in 1993 by the United Kingdom Labour Party’s Plant Commission.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Supplementary_Vote (980 words)

	Sri Lanka News - Largest Sri Lankan Forum at LNP
		I believe that the current situation in Sri Lanka would act as a significant incentive for you to remain in Australia beyond your proposed period of stay..,` the High Commission said in a letter to one of the applicants from Jaffna, a copy of which was obtained by the Daily Mirror.
		Sri Lankan police in the capital Colombo on Monday used water cannon and tear gas to quell a demonstration by university students highlighting student grievances.
		The Sri Lanka under 19 team after been dismissed for 160 runs hit back strongly to reduce the touring Indian under 19 side to 77 for 5 in their first innings on the opening day of their two day warm up match which began at Braybrooke Place yesterday.
	www.lankanewspapers.com (3229 words)

	Effects of different voting systems under similar circumstances - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In runoff voting there first is a preliminary election, where voters select their preferred candidate.
		Approval voting passes the monotonicity criterion, in that voting for a candidate never lowers that candidate's chance of winning.
		Range voting (also called ratings summation, or average voting, or cardinal ratings, or 0-99 voting, or the score system or point system) is a voting system used for single-seat elections in which votes are graded.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Effects_of_different_voting_systems_under_similar_circumstances (3135 words)

	1993 Human Rights Report: SRI LANKA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		However, the Sri Lankan navy and air force were responsible for a number of civilian deaths, many due to indiscriminate or excessive use of force.
		These groups also report that their efforts to convert Sri Lankans are often met with hostility and sometimes violence on the part of local Buddhist clergy or other groups opposed to such missionary work, and they accuse the Government of tacitly condoning the harassment.
		Sri Lanka does not permit the entry of refugees or displaced persons from other countries, nor does it help refugees who attempt to stay in the country while seeking permanent residence elsewhere.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /ERC/democracy/1993_hrp_report/93hrp_report_sasia/SriLanka.html (8699 words)

	President of Sri Lanka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The President of Sri Lanka is the head of state and dominant political figure in Sri Lanka.
		The Black July pogroms, the death squads used to crush the second JVP uprising, and the frequent use of torture, and denial of rights like habeas corpus during the Sri Lankan civil war have been traced to decisions made unilaterally by Presidents and unchallenged anywhere else in the political system.
		The President is elected under the Sri Lankan form of the contingent vote.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/List_of_Sri_Lankan_presidents (469 words)

	Online edition of Daily News - Features (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The growth of Sri Lankan students entering overseas higher educational institutions has raised several issues and implications to students as well as policy makers in Sri Lanka and the purpose of this article is to discuss some of these ramifications in relation to Sri Lankan international students in Australia.
		Sri Lanka is categorised as a high risk country by Australian Immigration in view of the high incidence of violations of visa conditions by Sri Lankans entering Australia.
		Contrary to their counterparts from other countries, Sri Lanka students wish to remain anonymous and rarely seek advice and assistance from the High Commission or the Consulates unless the matter is extremely serious.
	www.dailynews.lk /2003/06/26/fea03.html (1166 words)

	file_nav_name Encyclopedia Index
		The period of the 2005 English cricket season from 1 to 14 August included two Ashes Test matches, two rounds of the C...
		The period of the 2005 English cricket season from 1 to 13 September saw England secure the Ashes with a draw in the f...
		A faithless elector is a member of the United States Electoral College who casts an electoral vote for someone other tha...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/third.html (9329 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This is because the contingent vote's system of transferring votes means that even if a voter's first choice is unlikely to be elected, his vote may still have a chance to be transferred to one of his subsequent preferences.
		The purpose of voting for the 'push-over' is to ensure that it is this weak candidate, rather than a more popular rival, who remains to challenge his preferred candidate in the second round.
		Under the contingent vote a voter uses the tactic by giving his first preference to a 'push over' and his lower preferences to the candidates he really supports.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=contingent_vote (2024 words)

	developments in srilanka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Sri Lanka developments also underline the fact that imperialist forces, ever on the lookout for avenues to pursue their neo-colonialist policies to attain their ambition of global domination, fish in the troubled waters of the newly independent countries.
		The USA obtained from the Sri Lankan government a lease for the voice of America to set up its biggest radio transmitter station outside the USA, to conduct the imperialist ideological aggression against the Socialist countries, India and other countries that follow an independent foreign policy.
		The US imperialists, standing whole hog behind the reactionary government of Sri Lanka, having succeeded for the time being to divided the people and derail of democratic movement, are now abile to secure concession after concession from the Jayewardene Government to plant their feet firmly on Sri Lanka soil.
	cpim.org /marxist/198502_marxist_srilanka_ramdas.htm (6770 words)

	Sri Lankan Peoples Alliance regime turns to Sinhala chauvinists
		The Peoples Alliance (PA) regime of Sri Lankan president Chandrika Kumaratunga is pursuing a two-track policy following the withdrawal earlier this month of its devolution package, aimed at ending the 17-year civil war in the Tamil-populated North and East of the country.
		In 1994 he was one of the forces behind Kumaratunga as she forced the removal of her mother from the leadership of the SLFP and forged the new alliance which replaced the UNP in the elections of that year.
		The entire devolution debacle serves to illustrate the lesson which emerges from the whole post-colonial history of Sri Lanka: that the bourgeoisie and its parties, together with the major capitalist powers, are organically incapable of resolving racial and ethnic divisions.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/aug2000/sri-a18.shtml (1469 words)

	Local Government in Asia and the Pacific - Sri Lanka
		Sri Lanka is an island situated close to the southeastern tip of the Indian subcontinent.
		The local government system in Sri Lanka was greatly influenced by the British during their colonial rule, particularly during the later part of the British rule (from 1865 to 1948).
		Although local authorities were expected to reflect the views of the public at the grass root level, due to reasons such as social differences, politicisation and narrow gauging of functions, it is observed that good governance could not be achieved as envisaged.
	www.unescap.org /huset/lgstudy/country/srilanka/srilanka.html (7739 words)

	Supplementary Vote - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Under the Supplementary Vote voters express a first and second choice of candidate only, and if no candidate receives an absolute majority of first choice votes on the first count then all but the two leading candidates are eliminated and their votes redistributed to help determine a winner in a second and final round.
		Under the Supplementary Vote restricting a voter to two preferences means that it might not be possible to transfer her vote to any candidate in the final round–if this occurs her vote is said to be 'exhausted'.
		The Supplementary Vote is said to encourage candidates to seek support beyond their core base of supporters in order to secure the second preferences of the supporters of other candidates, and so to create a more conciliatory campaigning style among candidates with similar policy platforms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supplementary_Vote (1743 words)

	House of Commons Hansard Debates for 20 Jan 1999 (pt 36)
		The amendment is specifically about voting arrangements for the mayor--arrangements for people to vote on a single ballot paper, in the way that they do in elections for a Member of Parliament or councillors, and which will not involve additional costs or expenditure.
		The supplementary vote does not have the effect of the alternative vote, which could allow a candidate incapable of getting substantial support on a first preference vote to win.
		of the votes cast, because only the second preference votes of the defeated candidates--those not in the first two places--will be reallocated, and some of those votes may not be for candidates in the top two places.
	www.publications.parliament.uk /pa/cm199899/cmhansrd/vo990120/debtext/90120-36.htm (1428 words)

	Sri Lanka Constitution, 1978 with Amendments 1-16, Consolidated as of September 2000
		Sri Lanka (Ceylon) is a free, Sovereign, Independent and Democratic Socialist Republic and shall be known as the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
		Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors.
		The voting for the election of the President of the Republic and of the Members of Parliament and at any Referendum shall be free, equal and by secret ballot.
	www.tamilnation.org /srilankalaws/78constitution.htm (13904 words)

	BakuTODAY.net - Sri Lankan talks should address humanitarian strife: ICRC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Sri Lankan government officials and senior representatives of the rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam arrived in the western Swiss city ahead of their Norwegian-brokered talks, which are due to begin Saturday.
		More than 201,800 Sri Lankans have fled their homes, mainly in the north and east, while another 15,800 have fled across the sea to Tamil Nadu state in southern India, according to the United Nations refugee agency.
		Seventeen Sri Lankan aid workers for the Paris-based Action Against Hunger (ACF) were gunned down on August 4 at their offices in the war-torn eastern town of Muttur.
	www.bakutoday.net /view.php?d=28506 (782 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Sri Lanka / Bibliography
		Tambiah, S.J. Sri Lanka: Ethnic Fratricide and the Dismantling of Democracy.
		Education in Sri Lanka, 1948-1985: An Analysis of the Structure and a Critical Survey of the Literature.
		Sri Lanka: Ethnic Fratricide and the Dismantling of Democracy.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/sri_lanka/lk_bibl.html (4352 words)

	An encouraging start to 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		He further reported that the restructuring of the Company's European business is beginning to bear fruit and that, in the last month, Aggreko had secured a major contract in Spain to supply one of the regional Utility companies with some 25MW of power over a 6-month period.
		In its Rest of the World operations - in addition to securing new business in India and China - the Company has extended its existing contracts to supply 100MW to the Ceylon Electricity Board from four sites near the Sri Lankan capital of Colombo.
		Dr Masters concluded by confirming that, looking to the year ahead, the Company continues to see no shortage of profitable investment opportunities to grow the business.
	ir.aggreko.com /agk/releases/2001/2001-04-03 (252 words)

	The Sunday Times Front Page
		overnment will move a supplementary vote in parliament on Thursday to obtain the proposed allocation for Minister Thondaman's Livestock Ministry, the vote of which was defeated during the budget debate.
		Meanwhile 20,407 postal votes applications have been received, but only 15,931 were found to be valid, an offical said.
		He said that according to SAFTA Sri Lanka would not be able to compete with the Indian market and would be in a difficult situation.
	lakdiva.org /suntimes/990103/frontm.html (1507 words)

	Random Thoughts on K.Thurairatnam, the Point Pedro Federalist
		I’d note that Kadirgamar wouldn’t have been caught dead in delivering the short, folksy and pungent speeches of the kind Thurairatnam made in the Sri Lankan parliament between 1960 and 1983.
		In each of these five elections, Thurairatnam won, but his victory margins against Nadarajah were unspectacular: 3,158 votes in March 1960; 4,258 votes in July 1960; 950 votes in 1965; 315 votes in 1970; and 6,570 votes in 1977.
		When Thurairatnam was a regular in the Sri Lankan parliament of 1960s and 1970s, the Federal Party and the Tamil Congress had other leading orators in English and Tamil.
	tamilnation.org /forum/sachisrikantha/060810thurairatnam.htm (2885 words)

	Sri Lanka POLITICS:: Nominations date delayed
		The gazette notification calling for nomination for the upcoming Presidential election will be issued towards the end of the week since the bulk of the work regarding the postal vote is yet to be done, Election Department sources told the Daily Mirror yesterday after a meeting between the Elections Commissioner and top officials.
		According to the Presidential Election Act the election should be held between 40 and 63 days after after the date of nominations.
		The sources said making National Identity cards mandatory for voting at the presidential election would not be realistic as upto one million eligible voters were known to be without NICs.
	www.lankanewspapers.com /news/2005/8/3331.html (505 words)

	Sri Lanka BUSINESS:: Kandy JVP group opposes luxury vehicles
		The Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) group of the Central Provincial Council voted against a supplementary vote of Rs.
		However the supplementary vote was passed by a majority vote.
		And thank you for the UNP members who voted against this, at least now you understand the wrongness of this kind of expenditures wastings public money.
	www.lankanewspapers.com /news/2005/8/3114.html (1184 words)

	Amazon.com: "supplementary vote": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This system meant that electors were asked to cast two votes on a single ballot paper - first a...
		A supplementary vote of 5,525,000 was given by the Exchequer in 1885 - `3,100,000 of it to be devoted to building one ironclad,...
		in twilight; and from beyond dim flickering horizons comes tirelessly the thudding of the guns.' On July 24, during the supplementary vote of credit for the prosecution of the war, Churchill again spoke in the Commons as the soldiers' friend,...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/supplementary-vote (520 words)

	www.december18.net
		One example of the numerous "grass roots" initiatives is the effort by the Migrant Services Centre of the Sri Lankan National Workers Congress to organize in 10 rural localities in Sri Lanka.
		The ILO Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97), and/or the Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143) were observed to have relatively low rates of ratification.
		A representative of Sri Lanka suggested the importance of organizing team visits to concerned countries by international experts on the Convention to raise awareness and promote action towards ratification by governments.
	www.december18.net /web/general/page.php?pageID=50&menuID=64&lang=EN&seclang=0 (6517 words)

	Amazon.com: "single transferable vote": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		See all pages with references to single transferable vote.
		Levin and Nalebuff (1995) used some of the same data to compare nine different voting rules: plurality, single transferable vote, Borda, Copeland, min-max, Kendall-Wei, power ranking, minimum violations, and Young-Kemeny.
		It is perhaps remarkable that among the 30 elections we examined, with the exception of plurality rule and single transferable vote,...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/single-transferable-vote (471 words)

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