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Topic: Sri Lankan Civil War

	Ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka is an ongoing conflict between the Government of Sri Lanka and the ethnic Sri Lankan Tamils on the island-nation of Sri Lanka.
		The Sri Lankan government was facing a mostly unrelated uprising by the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna in the south, and called in the Indian military immediately after the agreement was signed.
		Sri Lankan general Parami Kulatunga was killed June 26 by an LTTE suicide bomber.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethnic_conflict_in_Sri_Lanka (5348 words)

	Alfred Duraiappah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alfred Duraiappah was a former MP and mayor of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, whose murder by the LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran marks the beginning of violent phase of the Sri Lankan civil war
		Alfred Duriappah was a former MP and mayor of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, whose murder by the LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran marks the beginning of violent phase of the Sri Lankan civil war.
		It was alleged that the organizers who were Tamil nationalists as opposed to Alfred Duriappah who was aligned to the Sri Lankan Sinhalese nationalistic Party the SLFP shunned him in the proceedings.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Alfred_Duraiappah (371 words)

	Asia Times: Think tank counts costs of Sri Lankan civil war
		Entitled ''The Economic cost of the war in Sri Lanka,'' the Institute's report is the most comprehensive economic assessment of the ethnic conflict so far.
		The civil war, since 1983, has wreaked havoc on the country's economy, dissuaded foreign investors and tourists and led to thousands of Tamils fleeing to the west and seeking political asylum or staying in refugee camps.
		Sri Lanka, traditionally a low defense budget country, has seen defense expenditure rise from below half percent of GDP in the early 1970s to an estimated 6 percent of GDP in 1995.
	www.atimes.com /ind-pak/BD07Df02.html (872 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| International \| Peace at hand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		In an unprecedented development, the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Ealam, better known as LTTE or simply the Tamil Tigers, held direct peace talks aimed at reaching an agreement on ending the 20 year Sri Lankan civil war.
		Sri Lanka's government proposed a constitutional amendment to parliament seeking a curb on presidential powers that it says is crucial to a push for peace with the Tamil Tigers.
		Sri Lankan President Chandrika Kumaratunga's husband was gunned down in 1989 and her own father was assassinated when she was only 14 years old.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2002/605/in1.htm (1876 words)

	WWW Virtual Library Sri Lanka: Politics, Ethnic Conflict, LTTE (Tamil Tigers) and Civil War
		Sri Lanka has been fortunate to survive without war for the past 3 years, and a sigh of relief passed across the country as it marked the third anniversary of the ceasefire agreement signed between the Government and the LTTE on February 22, 2002.
		The burden of war sacrifice falls mainly on the poor and unprivileged Sinhalese and Tamil villagers of Sri Lanka.
		The forgotten victims of this war are the innocent Sinhala and Muslim civilians who were killed and injured by constant attacks on civilian villages by the LTTE to drive them out of Northern and Eastern areas of the country to justify their claim of a Home Land for Tamils’.
	www.lankalibrary.com /pol2.html (2425 words)

	Fact on Sri Lanka
		Sri Lanka is a country in south Asia, which boasts of a rich cultural heritage spanning over 2500 years.
		First of all the war in Sri Lanka is not a “civil war” nor is it a “Ethnic war” these are terms that were coined with the idea of giving a political dimension to a war against a terrorist organization by the name of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
		Sri Lanka is one of a kind island when considering its variation of geographical and weather patterns within a small distance. Also the colorful nature, the different customs, the wonderful festivals and the tasteful food of the ever smiling Sri Lankans differently heighten the charm of this island.
	www.d.umn.edu /~mait0007/index_files/Page577.htm (565 words)

	Guardian \| Trouble in paradise
		Last week Sri Lanka's high commissioner in London asked the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) to ban the film on the grounds that it blasphemed the Buddha and was historically inaccurate.
		The Norwegians are currently mediating between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), the main rebel group at war with the Sri Lankan state.
		Sri Lankan officials, meanwhile, have accused the film of being a propaganda vehicle for the LTTE, still banned in Britain and the US despite the peace talks.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,4663892-110760,00.html (1102 words)

	Background to the Sri Lankan Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The majority of the Sri Lankan population is Sinhalese and have resided on the island nation for millennia.
		The war in Sri Lanka is primarily fought between the Army and the LTTE, with some other groups joining the battle until being wiped out by either of the first two groups.
		Little is known of their structure or armaments, but they may follow a Soviet-style organization as all Sri Lankan guerrilla groups have received training either from the Palestinians in Lebanon or the Indian government.
	www.phoenixcommand.com /srilanka1.htm (1424 words)

	Sri Lankan Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Sri Lanka is an island country off the coast of India.
		The Tamils started their civil war in 1983, and as of 1997, are still at it.
		The Sri Lankan government has launched many offensives against the rebels, and in December 1995 scored big points by taking the town of Jaffna, a rebel stronghold.
	www.mega.nu /batf/www.boogieonline.com/revolution/multi/war/tamil.html (279 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sri Lanka : History : Civil War, Sri Lanka (Sri Lankan Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		In the 1980s the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam initiated a full-scale guerrilla war against the army in the north and east; at the same time, radical Sinhalese students assassinated government officials whom they believed were too soft on the Tamils.
		The Indian troops fought an inconclusive war with the Tigers and were asked to withdraw by Jayawardene's successor, Ramasinghe Premadasa, who was elected in 1988.
		In late 1995 the government, in a large-scale offensive, captured the Tamil stronghold of Jaffna; heavy casualties were reported there, while terrorist bombs caused civilian deaths in the capital city of Colombo.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/SriLanka-history-civil-war.html (582 words)

	Conflict and community in Sri Lanka
		The war, which began in 1983, involves the Sinhalese-Tamil controversy over who arrived first in Sri Lanka and therefore who has the better claim to be its founding race.
		The war continued for most of the past nineteen years despite the unsuccessful Indian attempt at peacemaking under the 1987 Peace Accord, the 1989-90 ceasefire and talks under President Premadasa and the corresponding process in 199495 under President Kumaratunga, daughter of S.W.R.D. and Sirimavo Bandaranaikes.
		C.R. de Silva Sri Lanka, a History (New Delhi, 1992); A. Jeyaratnam Wilson Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism (London, 1999); Rohan Gunaratna War and Peace in Sri Lanka (Colombo, 1987); Devanesan Nesiah Tamil Nationalism (Colombo, 2001); S.R. Ashton Oxford History of the British Empire: The Twentieth Century (Oxford, 1999).
	www.arches.uga.edu /~sga/readings/conflict_community_sl.htm (3281 words)

	[No title]
		Sri Lanka, the serendipitous isle off India's southeast coast, is savaged by civil war.
		Although Sri Lanka was largely peaceful during British colonial times, after independence in 1948, the majority Sinhala intensified patterns of state-sanctioned discrimination against the minority Tamils.
		The authors are Sri Lankan and American and represent the best of modern thinking on how to end the war and start a process of sustainable peace.
	www.tamilcanadian.com /pageview.php?ID=148&pr_v=yes (513 words)

	Film on Lankan civil war to be screened in London
		A film about the Sri Lankan civil war from the Tamil perspective is to be screened in London's West End on December 19, despite accusations that the banned Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam is involved in its production.
		Sri Lankan media reports say Foreign Secretary Nihal Rodrigo and Foreign Ministry Secretary General Bernard Gunatillke have ordered an inquiry into whether the LTTE had a hand in the movie.
		One Sri Lankan media report describes the film as "anti-Buddhist and representing the interests of Tiger terrorism and western imperialism".
	www.rediff.com /us/2002/dec/18shyam.htm (276 words)

	The Election Crisis in Sri Lanka
		A political crisis involving Sri Lanka's president and prime minister is threatening democracy and the rule of law in that South Asian country.
		The Sri Lankan economy--which had contracted by 1.4 percent in 2001--grew by 3.4 percent in 2002 and 5.5 percent in 2003.
		It is imperative for the peace process and the rule of law that all Sri Lankans are permitted to vote and that the election is conducted in a manner that legitimizes the results.
	www.heritage.org /Research/AsiaandthePacific/em916.cfm (1039 words)

	Srilanka
		Following the outbreak of the third phase of the Sri Lankan civil war on April 19, 1995, the Sri Lankan armed forces and the LTTE have both engaged in acts of violence that had by July claimed the lives of hundreds of civilians.
		The cease-fire in January 1995 raised hopes that negotiations between the Sri Lankan government and the LTTE might finally lead to a long-awaited political settlement, and with it, an end to the kind of violations that have come to characterize the Sri Lankan conflict.
		The Sri Lankan government is entitled to punish captured LTTE members for the commission of pre-existing crimes under Sri Lankan domestic law.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1995/Srilanka.htm (3790 words)

	Amid danger of civil war, Sri Lankan president visits New Delhi
		Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapakse chose to make his first foreign visit to New Delhi in late December, in order to seek greater backing from the Indian government as the danger of a return to civil war heightens on the island.
		The Sri Lankan military, with the president’s tacit support, is engaged in crackdowns on Tamils as well as covertly backing anti-LTTE militias, particularly in the East.
		Among the major powers there are real fears that Sri Lanka is sliding back to war and, with their backing, Norway has intensified its effort to pressure both sides to maintain the current ceasefire and return to the negotiating table.
	wsws.org /articles/2006/jan2006/sril-04j.shtml (1011 words)

	PM - Sri Lankan civil war shows signs of escalation
		COMPERE: Sri Lanka's long running war in the North and East of the country is showing dramatic signs of escalation.
		Tamil Tiger separatist fighters have made spectacular advances on the key Jaffna Peninsular and speculation is rife that the Sri Lankan army is on the verge of complete defeat there.
		Speaking in the Indian capital, Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Latchman Kadigama said his government's concerned by the Tamil advances but won't bow to their demands for a separate state.
	www.abc.net.au /pm/stories/s123843.htm (705 words)

	Tigers and Lions in Paradise: Sri Lanka's Civil War
		The horrendous, internecine conflicts of the last 50 years—the wars in the Balkans, in Ulster, in central Africa and the Caucasus—are almost always attributed to the ancient hatreds, hereditary blood feuds, and innate racial and religious animosities of troubled societies.
		A Sri Lankan serial number and low-visibility insignia were simply painted on the demonstrator's original sand-and-stone desert camouflage, and the SIAI corporate markings were retained.
		Relative calm in the north was, however, offset by a new civil war in the south.
	worldatwar.net /chandelle/v3/v3n3/articles/srilanka.html (5912 words)

	TAMILiNK » Stop killings of civilians
		That appeal, motivated by severe breaches of humanitarian law by combatants in the Sri Lankan civil war, warned both the Sri Lankan armed forces and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) against engaging in further indiscriminate or targeted attacks on civilians, and reminded both parties of their legal obligation to protect noncombatants.
		Sri Lanka has ratified the Geneva Conventions, and Article 3 by its terms applies to all parties to the conflict, that is, both government and rebel forces.
		In the course of the conflict, Sri Lankan government forces reportedly have engaged in a pattern of indiscriminate aerial and artillery bombardment of areas populated by civilians.
	tamilink.org.uk /tl/?page_id=32 (4090 words)

	Role of International Community in Sri Lanka Conflict - Brian Wolfe
		The political analysis of Sri Lanka by the diplomatic community, far from encouraging both sides to return to negotiations has in fact led some countries such as Britain, to inadvertently promote a continuation of the war by lifting the embargo on arm sales to the Government.
		It must be noted,that while both parties to the conflict continue to make public statements about their willingness to negotiate, neither the Sri Lankan Government nor the LTTE have formally accepted any of the overtures from foreign governments to facilitate a new series of peace talks.
		Whatever the assessment of the current policies of the warring parties, it is clear that the majority of the international community have decided to remove Sri Lanka from the international agenda and to relegate the armed conflict to the status of a forgotten war.
	www.tamilnation.org /conferences/cnfAU96/Wolfe.html (1656 words)

	CNN.com - Sri Lankan rebels extend cease-fire - January 20, 2002
		The Tamil Tigers, who have been fighting Sri Lankan government forces for a measure of autonomy, said they have extended their monthlong cease-fire, due to expire Thursday, as a gesture of peace.
		Both sides in the Sri Lankan civil war have asked the Norwegian government to help facilitate peace talks, which are expected in March.
		Last week, the Sri Lankan government eased its nearly 13-year-old economic embargo against rebel-held areas in the north of the country as a goodwill gesture.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/asiapcf/south/01/20/srilanka.ceasefire (322 words)

	CNN - Sri Lanka: Civil war in paradise - Oct. 30, 1995 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		COLOMBO, Sri Lanka (CNN) -- It seems like paradise on Earth -- sunshine, sand and soft waves rolling in from the Indian Ocean -- but the island of Sri Lanka, off the southeastern coast of India, is home to one of the world's most brutal conflicts.
		The Sri Lankan government wants to keep it that way, despite intense fighting in the northern part of the country.
		The Sri Lankan government has set terms for a cease fire but they are conditions the rebels are almost certain to refuse.
	www-cgi.cnn.com /WORLD/9510/sri_lanka/10-30 (343 words)

	Guardian \| Pro-Tamil Tiger journalist found dead
		A leading Sri Lankan journalist who wrote in support of the Tamil Tiger guerrillas was today found dead in the capital, Colombo.
		Tamilnet became popular for its reporting on the Sri Lankan civil war and the continuing process of finding a permanent solution since a 2002 ceasefire halted the fighting.
		The peace process was complicated by an unprecedented split in the LTTE in March 2004 when a former senior commander broke away with 6,000 fighters, alleging that the mainstream faction discriminated against his eastern forces.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,5182785-103681,00.html (423 words)

	Civil war threatens to engulf Sri Lanka -DAWN - International; December 29, 2005
		COLOMBO: Following the killing of a Tamil member of Parliament on Saturday midnight and the killing of a total of 28 Sri Lankan soldiers in the past three weeks, peace facilitating Norway sent warning signals on Monday stating that Sri Lanka was heading towards civil war.
		The alarm raised by Solheim comes as the Sri Lankan military said that the Tigers were bent upon triggering the war with daily attacks on soldiers.
		Meanwhile, the shadow war waged on the LTTE Prabhakaran faction by the break away LTTE militant Karuna, took an ominous turn with the gunning down of the Tamil member of parliament, Joseph Pararajasingham while he was attending midnight Christmas mass on Dec 24 in eastern Batticaloa.
	www.dawn.com /2005/12/29/int5.htm (650 words)

	The Sri Lankan Crisis Japan Alternate History
		When they refused, the Sri Lankan civil war, until then mostly clashes between mobs, suddenly increased its violence level, when Tamil irregular, funded and trained by India, initiated a ruthless campaign of bombings and rural guerrilla war against the Sri Lankan government.
		When in April the Sri Lankan government accused India of sending Indian Army regulars to the island, the India’s government flatly declared that such forces were there only to 'protect Indian lives and property'.
		The Diet issued a unanimous declaration that the Island of Sri Lanka should be 'wrested from the remnants of the defunct British Raj' and 'returned to the fold of the free Asian nations'.
	www.angelfire.com /gundam/japanese_empire/altjap/srilanka.htm (718 words)

	Genocide of Tamils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Rather than stopping the genocide the Sri Lankan politicians, police, armed forces as well as the Buddhist clergy actively took part in many of the murders and rapes.
		The ex-soldier told a court that hundreds of Tamil civilians were buried in Chemmani by the Sri Lankan army after the takeover of Jaffna.
		The Sri Lankan military has denied allegations that government troops killed hundreds of Tamils and then buried them in mass graves.
	www.genocide.org.uk (2850 words)

	Sri Lankan High Commission Accused of Blocking Tamil Canadian Event (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Sri Lankan civil war involves the two main ethnic groups, the majority Sinhalese and the Tamils.
		The Tamils see the civil war as a struggle against national oppression with the goal to establish an independent nation, while the Sinhalese view the war as a terrorist rebellion.
		Samarasinghe says he feels badly that “the two main communities of Sri Lanka that are established in Canada do not see eye to eye on many issues.” Yet, he says he believed it was important to warn the school board.
	www.sangam.org /NEWSEXTRA/SAMS1_9_02.htm (1459 words)

	Sri Lankan Orphanage Appeal - Supported by Shrewbury Lions
		The Sri Lankan Civil war has claimed many lives.
		In Batticaloa, a remote part in the east coast of Sri Lanka, there are good people, like Rev Jeynesan who is dealing with the consequences of this conflict and has sought to help those who are vulnerable - the children.
		We welcome donations from all quarters, and especially from the Sri Lankan expatriate communities dotted all around the world.
	srilankanorphanages.org (512 words)

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