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	St. Nicholas of Myra - All About Turkey
		The accounts are unanimous that St. Nicholas died and was buried in his Episcopal city of Myra, and by the time of Justinian there was a basilica built in his honor at Constantinople (Istanbul).
		Nicholas is venerated as the patron saint of several classes of people, especially, in the East, of sailors and in the West of children.
		With St. Andred the Apostle he is patron of the nation, and the Russian Orthodox Church even observes the feast of his translation; so many Russian pilgrims came to Bari before the revolution that their government supported a church, hospital and hospice there.
	www.allaboutturkey.com /nicholas.htm (1753 words)

	Legend of St. Nicholas - history of St. Nicholas - Santa Claus - Kaboose.com
		Strictly speaking, the tradition of St. Nicholas is not synonomous with the role of Santa Claus in the U.S..
		In Germany, St. Nicholas is also known as Klaasbuur, Sunnercla, Burklaas, Bullerklaas, and Rauklas, and in eastern Germany, he is also known as Shaggy Goat, Ash Man and Rider and is more reflective of earlier pagan influences (Norse) that were blended in with the figure of St. Nicholas, when Christianity came to Germany.
		Nicholas was born in 271 AD and died around December 6, 342 or 343 AD near the Asia Minor (Turkey) town of Myra,.
	holidays.kaboose.com /christmas/traditions/st-nicholas/xmas-around-stnicholas.html (801 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Saint Nicholas I
		Pope Nicholas appeared as a conscientious representative of the Roman Primacy in the Church.
		Boso, had left her husband for a paramour; Nicholas commanded the bishops in the dominions of Charles the Bold to excommunicate her unless she returned to her husband.
		Yet Nicholas did not waver in his determination; the emperor, after being reconciled with the pope, withdrew from Rome and commanded the Archbishops of Trier and Cologne to return to their homes.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11054a.htm (1205 words)

	Domestic-Church.Com: Saint Profile: Saint Nicholas
		Nicholas heard about this family and wanted to help them, but he did not want anyone to know that he was the one who was helping them.
		Nicholas was quite young when his parents died of the plague leaving him the sole heir of their vast possessions.
		Nicholas was thereafter honored as patron saint of unwed maidens.
	www.domestic-church.com /CONTENT.DCC/19981101/SAINTS/nicholas.htm (1785 words)

	St. Nicholas
		Nicholas increased his fervour in these and all other virtues with his years, especially when he had devoted himself to a religious life in the monastery of Holy Sion, near Myra, of which house he was made abbot by the archbishop, its founder.
		This metropolitan church falling vacant, the holy abbot Nicholas was chosen archbishop, and in that exalted station became famous by his extraordinary piety and zeal, and an incredible number of stupendous miracles.
		Nicholas is esteemed a patron of children, because he was from his infancy a model of innocence and virtue, and to form that tender age to sincere piety was always his first care and delight.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/STNICH.htm (787 words)

	The History of Santa Claus
		A variation of this story is that as each girl was ready to wed, St. Nicholas came in the middle of the night when no one could see him and tossed a bag of gold through an open window into her stocking.
		Nicholas' Day is still observed in many countries, and gifts are exchanged in honor of the spirit of brotherhood and charity that he embodied.
		Nicholas' evolution into today's happy, larger-than-life Santa Claus is a wonderful example of the blending of countless beliefs and practices from around the world.
	www.northpolesantaclaus.com /santahistory.htm (1221 words)

	St. Nicholas
		In Scandinavia, Nicholas is portrayed as wearing a western bishop's vestments and carrying a crozier instead of the red suit and bag that we traditionally associate with Santa Claus.
		But the life story of the actual St. Nicholas of Myra (from the Greek words "nike," victory, and "laos," people--literally, "victory of the people") is as fascinating as the myths, folklore, and traditions that have made the saint a popular culture icon over the centuries.
		Nicholas was one of the bishops attending the First Ecumenical Council at Nicaea (325), called to resolve the controversy.
	stgeorge.ia.goarch.org /nicholas.htm (1211 words)

	Kids Domain - The Legend of St. Nicholas
		Strictly speaking, the tradition of St. Nicholas is not synonomous with the role of Santa Claus in the U.S..
		In Germany, St. Nicholas is also known as Klaasbuur, Sunnercla, Burklaas, Bullerklaas, and Rauklas, and in eastern Germany, he is also known as Shaggy Goat, Ash Man and Rider and is more reflective of earlier pagan influences (Norse) that were blended in with the figure of St. Nicholas, when Christianity came to Germany.
		Nicholas was born in 271 AD and died around December 6, 342 or 343 AD near the Asia Minor (Turkey) town of Myra,.
	www.kidsdomain.com /holiday/xmas/around/stnicholas.html (744 words)

	Troparion of Saint Nicholas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Nicholas is also popularly called the "Wonder-worker," due to the many miracles attributed to his intercession throughout the ages.
		Nicholas is a reminder to us that our Orthodox bishops likewise have preserved the same apostolic faith which Saint Nicholas possessed.
		St. Nicholas beheld Christ handing him the Book of the Gospels, while the Theotokos placed the episcopal omophorion(bishop's stole) on his shoulders.
	www.stnicholasla.com /stnicholas.htm (413 words)

	St. Nicholas of Myra
		It happened that Nicholas was in the city of Myra when the clergy and people were meeting together to elect a new bishop, and God directed them to choose him.
		There was not a church that did not have some sort of shrine in honor of St. Nicholas and the Russian Orthodox Church observes even the feast of the translation of his relics.
		At Rome the basilica of St. Nicholas was founded as early as the end of the sixth or the beginning of the seventh century.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/NICHOLAS.htm (1320 words)

	St. Nicholas
		More than 1,600 years ago, in the year 270 AD, St. Nicholas was born not far from Myra, in a land that is now part of the country of Turkey.
		Nicholas was taught by his parents to love the Lord with his whole mind, heart, soul, and with ail his strength.
		Nicholas had a wonderful opportunity to defend the teachings of the Church against Arius who denied that Jesus Christ was God in the flesh and was leading many people astray by his false teaching.
	www.roca.org /OA/5/5m.htm (898 words)

	ST. NICHOLAS I, THE GREAT
		Nicholas was a Roman, the son of an official in the papal service.
		Nicholas, after several unsuccessful attempts to get justice, went personally to Ravenna and saw to it that property was restored to rightful owners.
		Nicholas encouraged St. Ansgar and his successor Rembert in their activity among the Scandinavians.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp106.htm (561 words)

	Northpinellas: St. Nicholas to gain new leader
		The St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Cathedral Center seats 1,000 and is the home of the annual Greek festival, which raises thousands of dollars for the area's poor.
		Completed in 1943, St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Cathedral, at 36 N Pinellas Ave., is striking, with numerous stained glass windows and walls embellished with gold foil, decorative niches and fresco paintings.
		St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Cathedral is at 36 N Pinellas Ave.
	www.sptimes.com /2004/09/25/Northpinellas/St_Nicholas_to_gain_n.shtml (1009 words)

	St Nicholas at Santa's Net.
		St Nicholas was born in 280 AD, in Patara, a city of Lycia, in Asia Minor.
		St Nicholas did not like to be seen when he gave away presents, so the children of the day were told to go to sleep quickly or he would not come!
		A famous story about St Nicholas, is about a poor man who had no money to give to his three daughters on their wedding day.
	www.santas.net /stnicholas.htm (636 words)

	Christmas in Turkey -The Land of St. Nicholas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		St. Nicholas was born in Patara around A.D. 280 in Asia Minor and became bishop of Myra, now Demre, in Turkey.
		Nicholas probably suffered in the persecution of Christians under the emperor Diocletian, which lasted until about 311, at which time he would have been around 31-years-old.
		Unlike the American Santa Claus, St. Nicholas is depicted as a tall thin man, dressed in a hooded robe.
	christmas.com /pe/880 (668 words)

	Saint Nicholas Kids ::: Who Travels with St. Nicholas?
		However, they are usually shown as being under St. Nicholas' control—an affirmation that evil is not to have the last word.
		Sometimes a white horse is also with St. Nicholas in Belgium, Germany and Poland.
		In the Palatinate both Nicholas and his attendant may be known as Stappklos, the plodder and grumbler.
	stnicholas.kids.us /Brix?pageID=100 (603 words)

	St. Nicholas School and Parish, Struthers, OH
		Saint Nicholas School is an educational institution in which Catholic teaching, worship, and social concern are integrated into the experience of the community, thus forming a complete educational background.
		Saint Nicholas School is divided into 2 semesters of 18 weeks, 4 reporting quarters of 9 weeks, with interim reports at 4 1/2 weeks, 178 instructional days.
		Saint Nicholas School is fully accredited by the Ohio Catholic School Accrediting Association and the Diocese of Youngstown.
	www.stnicholasschool.com (257 words)

	St. Nicholas
		Nicholas was instructed in the spiritual life by his uncle Nicholas, Bishop of Patara (see below), and became a monk at `New Sion', a monastery founded by his uncle.
		On icons of St. Nicholas, our Lord and Saviour will often be seen on one side with the Gospels in His hand, and the most holy Mother of God on the other with an episcopal stole in hers.
		Methodius, Patriarch of Constantinople, writes: `One night, St. Nicholas saw our Saviour in glory, standing by him and holding out to him the Gospels adorned with gold and pearls, and the Mother of God standing on his other side and placing a pallium on his shoulders.
	copticchurch.net /topics/synexarion/nicholas.html (755 words)

	The Cathedral Church of St. Nicholas Newcastle upon Tyne
		Welcome to the website of St Nicholas Cathedral; the Mother Church of the Diocese of Newcastle which stretches from the Tyne to the Tweed.
		For over 900 years St Nicholas has been the parish church of Newcastle but when in 1882 the new Diocese was founded it also became England’s most northerly cathedral.
		Dedicated to St Nicholas, patron saint of children, we have a special concern for the place of childhood in our society and this plays a particularly important part in our developing educational programme.
	www.newcastle-ang-cathedral-stnicholas.org.uk (382 words)

	History Channel - Christmas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 A.D. in Patara, near Myra in modern-day Turkey.
		One of the best known of the St. Nicholas stories is that he saved three poor sisters from being sold into slavery or prostitution by their father by providing them with a dowry so that they could be married.
		By the Renaissance, St. Nicholas was the most popular saint in Europe.
	www.historychannel.com /exhibits/holidays/christmas/santa.html (194 words)

	Theology Today - Vol 36, No. 3 - October 1979 - BOOK REVIEW - Saint Nicholas of Myra, Bari, and Manhattan: Biography of ...
		He speculates that December 6, St. Nicholas' Day, may well have been in pre-Christian times a feast of Poseidon, marking the beginning of winter and possibly the day when navigation was closed.
		Jones holds the opinion that the St. Nicholas cult in New York was a late eighteenth and early nineteenth century invention, fostered largely by Washington Irving.
		Nicholas Day was an innocent observance, but such days as St. Martin's, Three Kings, and even Pentecost often saw Dutch citizens (and their fl slaves) hauled into court for what might charitably be called intemperate behavior.
	theologytoday.ptsem.edu /oct1979/v36-3-bookreview15.htm (784 words)

	St. Nicholas of Bari (Fourth Century)
		St Nicholas of Bari is one of the most popular and revered saints of the church; but the details that are known of his life are few in the extreme.
		The miracle of the 'manna of St Nicholas,' a sort of sweet-smelling 'Myrrh' exuded by the body of the saint and with health-giving properties, is said still to take place today.
		He and St Andrew the apostle are the patrons of Russia, and before the revolution Russian Orthodox pilgrims came to Bari in great numbers.
	www.cin.org /nichbari.html (493 words)

	A saintly Old World hero known for his anonymous gifts was transplanted to New Amsterdam and endowed with a jollier ...
		If St. Nicholas and Santa Claus are synonymous in our secular Christmas traditions, it's thanks to customs brought to the Hudson Valley from the first Dutch settlers during the days when Manhattan still belonged to the Indians.
		St. Nicholas Day was one of four winter holidays (including Christmas, New Year's Day and the Epiphany on Jan. 6) the Dutch celebrated, the least religious and most associated with food and good times.
		Nicholas was a fourth-century bishop from Turkey who was venerated as a folk hero famous for anonymous gifts to those in need and later sanctified.
	www.th-record.com /1998/12/16/1216sant.htm (624 words)

	St. Nicholas of Myra
		Nicholas walked by the man's house on three successive nights, and each time threw a bag of gold in through a window (or, when the story came to be told in colder climates, down the chimney).
		Nicholas became the patron of an Italian city (I think Bari, which is where his body is now buried) that was a center of the pawnbroking business, and hence a pawnbroking shop traditionally advertises by displaying three gold balls over its front.
		Nicholas visited the inn and confronted the innkeeper, who confessed his crime, whereupon Nicholas prayed over the brine-tub and the three boys leaped out unharmed.
	www.satucket.com /lectionary/Nicholas.htm (808 words)

	St Nicholas - the true Santa Claus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Nothing is known of the early life of Nicholas, except that he was born at the turn of the fourth century, during the reign of the Emperor Diocletian, in Asia Minor and was a Bishop of Myra, in that area which is now Turkey.
		So great was St. Nicholas' popularity that he became the symbol of protection of children, which led to many of the legends about him.
		In a fascinating and daring enterprise in the late eleventh century, the residents of Bari, Italy, where Nicholas' popularity had grown with the years, hatched a plot to recover the remains of the saint from Turkey.
	cygnus.uwa.edu.au /~jgrapsas/pages/st_nicholas.htm (308 words)

	All about Santa Claus (a.k.a. St. Nickolas, Father Christmas, etc.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Nicholas of Bari once lived in Asia Minor, and died in either 345 or 352 CE.
		St. Nicholas also adopted some of the qualities of "The Grandmother" or Befana from Italy.
		Her shrine at Bari was also converted into a shrine to St. Nicholas.
	www.religioustolerance.org /santa1.htm (1423 words)

	The Historical Saint Nicholas - Part 3 of 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		An early life of St. Nicholas listing all his miracles, was written in Greek by Saint Methodius, Bishop of Constantinople in 842; it was translated into Latin by John the Deacon in approximately 880.
		Nicholas became Patron Saint of Russia in 987 by decree of Duke Vladimir; he was readily adopted as Nikolai Choodovoritz (Nicholas, Miracle Maker).
		Devotion to Nicholas extended to all parts of the world; his name has been given to places in many countries; numerous surnames of persons are derived from Nicholas.
	www.hymnsandcarolsofchristmas.com /santa/historical_st__nicholas3.htm (1711 words)

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