St. Brice's Day massacre

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Topic: St. Brice's Day massacre

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	The Origins of Popular Supersitions and Customs: Days and Seasons: (15) Hocktide--or Hoke Day
		He tells us that the Danes' inhuman behaviour drew upon them at length the general resentment of the English in King Ethelred's reign; so that in one day (St. Brice's Day A.D. 1001) they were entirely cut off in a general massacre.
		He says:--"Hoc day, Hoke day, Hoc-Tuesday, a festival celebrated annually by the English in remembrance of their having ignominiously driven out the Danes, in like manner as the Romans had their Fugalia, from having expelled their kings.
		On both days the men and women, alternately, with great merriment intercepted the public roads with ropes, and pulled passengers to them, from whom they exacted money, to be laid out in pious uses.
	www.sacred-texts.com /neu/eng/osc/osc18.htm

	Memorial Day Macre Refers To
		The St. Brice's Day massacre refers to the killing of all Danes in England, refers to bishop Bricius of Tours, whose memorial day is November 13.
		The Holocaust (also called Shoah in Hebrew) refers to the period from January 30 Babi Yar massacre, near Kiev, 30000-35000 Jews were killed in two days.
		Some of the people he refers to as newly religious in a spectacular three-day AIPAC conference in Washington Festival was held over the Memorial Day Weekend.
	www.bennetsbesttips14.info /memorial-day-macre-refers-to.html (847 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine Book of Days November 13 St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		The vicars- general and the canons of Tours, who didn’t relish the idea of one day being ruled by the arrogant young Brice, urged St Martin to send him on his way.
		In token of the reconciliation, Scipio betrothed his younger daughter to Gracchus; and when he returned home at night and informed his wife that he had promised her in marriage, she remonstrated, saying that, even if it were to Tiberius Gracchus, the mother of the girl ought to have been consulted.
		This caused such a commotion in the town that the earl gave the butchers in perpetuity the meadows in which the bulls were found fighting, as long as the butchers each year on this day put a mad bull into the town to be chased.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/nov13.html (847 words)

	* Ø* Wilson's Almanac Hocktide Ransom Hocktide Hock tide Hoketide Easter Eastertide English folklore Church England feast days
		He tells us that the Danes' inhuman behaviour drew upon them at length the general resentment of the English in King Ethelred's reign; so that in one day (St. Brice's Day A.D. 1001) they were entirely cut off in a general massacre.
		Eastertide English folklore Church of England feast days
		Hocktide Hock tide Hoketide Easter Eastertide English folklore Church England feast days
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /hocktide.html (1720 words)

	Æthelred the Unready - Eadric Streona - Swein Forkbeard
		Indeed, William of Malmesbury (who refers to Eadric as "one of the refuse of mankind, and the reproach of the English") says it was Eadric who had ordered that Gunnhild should be killed in the St.Brice's day massacre of 1002.
		During the Easter period of 1012 (Easter Sunday was 13th April), Ealdorman Welsh annals record that Eadric, in the company of another "Saxon" (whose name is rendered as "Ubis" or "Ubrich"), for reasons which aren\'t recorded, ravaged St.Davids, Dyfed.', STICKY, CAPTION, '1012');" onmouseout="nd();">Eadric was in London overseeing the payment of 48,000 pounds to the Danes.
		The crafty and perfidious Edric (Eadric) Streona, plotting mischief against the noble ealdorman Alfhelm (Æfhelm), prepared a great feast for him at Shrewsbury: and on his arrival pursuant to the invitation, Edric welcomed him like an intimate friend.
	www.stephen.j.murray.btinternet.co.uk /unready.htm (1720 words)

	Aethelred the Unready
		He chose the 13th November 1002 for this co-ordinated massacre, St. Brice's day.
		Thousands were killed including the sister of the king of Denmark, Swegn ( Sweyn) Forkbeard.
		This so incensed Swegn, that he planned a near full scale invasion of England.
	battle1066.com /aethel.shtml (1720 words)

	Sweyn Forkbeard
		After his first English expedition Sweyn was content to blackmail England instead of ravaging it, until the ruthless massacre of the Danes on St. Brice's day, the 3rd of November 1002, by Ethelred the Unready (Sweyn's sister was among the victims) brought the Danish king to Exeter (1003).
		Sweyn I, King of Denmark, son of Harold Bluetooth, the christianizer of Denmark, by his peasant mistress Aesa, according to the Jomsvikinga Saga, though more probably his mother was Queen Gunild, Harold's consort.
		Shortly afterwards she married Sweyn, and easily persuaded her warlike husband to unite with Olaf, King of Sweden, against Olaf Trygvessön, who fell in the famous sea fight off Svolde (1000) on the west coast of Rügen, after a heroic resistance immortalized by the sagas, whereupon the confederates divided his kingdom between them.
	www.nndb.com /people/718/000093439 (1720 words)

	BBC - Beyond the Broadcast - Making History
		This led to the St Brice's Day massacre on 13 November 1002.
		This was a political alliance which gave the king a sense of confidence to move against the Danes who had given Ethelred major problems, mainly of piracy and especially in the south of England.
		Ethelred had managed to drive a wedge between the Danes and the Vikings, though that all collapsed in the year 1000 with the death of the Viking king, Olaf Trygvasson.
	www.bbc.co.uk /education/beyond/factsheets/makhist/makhist6_prog8a.shtml (656 words)

	Timeline: 1000-1100
		In retaliation for the Massacre of St. Brice's Day, Sweyn leads an army of Norsemen to land in England and wreak a terrible vengeance.
		Sweyn's forces kill him at the battle of Stiklestad.
		Sweyn lands in England and is proclaimed King.
	guweb2.gonzaga.edu /faculty/wheeler/timeline_1000.html (1447 words)

	Sweyn I of Denmark
		Sweyn was almost certainly involved in the raids against England in 1003-1005, 1006-1007, and 1009-1012, following the St. Brice's Day massacre of England's Danish inhabitants in November 1002, recorded in the chronicles of John of Wallingford.
		Sweyn Forkbeard's nickname, which was probably used during his lifetime, refers to a long, pitchfork-like moustache, a "tjuge" in Old Norse, not to a full beard.
		Sweyn is rarely recorded as having used this name though, and the inscriptions on his coinage and fact that he was accepted by the English Witan as king Sweyn would seem to corroborate this.
	www.1bx.com /en/Sweyn_I.htm (1229 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine Book of Days November 13 St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		Send a free e-card greeting for today's celebrations to a loved one
		If it fails to load fully, please click Refresh on your browser menu.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/nov13.html (4860 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine Book of Days November 13 St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		Send a free e-card greeting for today's celebrations to a loved one
		If it fails to load fully, please click Refresh on your browser menu.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/nov13.html (4860 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine Book of Days November 13 St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		St Brice’s Day Massacre Karen Silkwood killed The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Washington March Against Death Bangladesh cyclone flood 1970
		In 1833 the SPCA started its campaign against the spectacle and in 1836 prosecuted several people for “conspiring to disturb the peace by riotously assembling to run and torment a bull”.
		Crimes Against Nature : How George W Bush and His Corporate Pals Are Plundering the Country and Hijacking Our Democracy
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/nov13.html (4844 words)

	The Vikings and Money in England
		Aethelred gave orders for the massacre of all Danes living in England on St. Brice's day 13 November 1002.
		The English king who paid the most Danegeld was Aethelred II.
		However Aethelred was completely defeated and the Viking's leader, Cnut, became king of England, and later king of Denmark and Norway as well.
	www.viking.no /e/heritage/ee-money.htm (4844 words)

	File 1 - Pre-Crusader Times to 1095AD - Merchants and Bankers Listings
		1002AD: Vikings: Goaded beyond endurance by Danes/Vikings and by paying danegeld, English King Aethelred who has married Emma De Conteville, sister of Duke of Normandy, orders a massacre of Danes in November, on St Brice's Day, a Saturday, when Danes customarily bathed.
		By 1000AD, William "the Great", Duke of Guienne, expanded on this idea at The Council of Poitiers, which he had convened.
		Sunifred, who became a Count Barcelona after the killing in 844 of Bernard (Plantvelue), in 848-849 is killed in a counter-attack by a Duke of Aquitaine.
	www.danbyrnes.com.au /merchants/merchants1.htm (4844 words)

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Topic: St. Brice's Day massacre

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In the News (Tue 29 Dec 09)