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	Stand Watie - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Image:StandWatie.jpg Stand Watie (12 December 1806-9 September 1871) (also known as Degataga "standing together as one," or "stand firm" and Isaac S. Watie) was a leader of the Cherokee Nation and a brigadier general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
		Watie is noted for his role in the Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, a Union victory, on March 6-8, 1862.
		Watie and his nephew Elias C. Boudinot were arrested for evading taxes on income from a tobacco factory, and were plaintiffs in the Cherokee Tobacco Case of 1870, which negated the 1866 treaty provision establishing tribal tax exempt status.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Stand_Watie (705 words)

	Stand Watie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stand Watie (12 December 1806 – 9 September 1871) (also known as Degataga "stand firm" and Isaac S. Watie) was a leader of the Cherokee Nation and a brigadier general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
		Watie was born near blah Rome, Georgia,on December 12, 1806, the son of Oo-watie (David Uwatie) and Susanna blah Reese, who was of Cherokee and white heritage.
		Watie and his nephew Elias Cornelius Boudinot were arrested for evading taxes on income from a tobacco factory, and were plaintiffs in the Cherokee Tobacco Case of 1870, which negated the 1866 treaty provision establishing tribal tax exempt status.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stand_Watie (737 words)

	Stand Watie
		Following the murders of his uncle Major Ridge, cousin John Ridge, and brother Elias Boundinot (Buck Watie) in 1839, and his brother Thomas Watie in 1845, Stand Watie assumed the leadership of the Ridge-Watie-Boundinot faction and was involved in a long-running blood feud with the followers of John Ross.
		Watie's two greatest victories were the capture of the federal steam boat J.R. Williams on June 15, 1864, and the seizure of $1.5 million worth of supplies in a federal wagon supply train a the Second battle of Cabin Creek on September 19, 1864.
		Watie was promoted to brigadier general on May 6, 1864, and given command of the first Indian Brigade.
	www.knowsouthernhistory.net /Biographies/Stand_Waite (1395 words)

	All Things Cherokee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Stand Watie was an influential member of the Cherokee Nation and a Brigadier General of the Confederacy during the Civil War.
		Stand Watie was also marked for death, but was warned and managed to escape.
		Stand Watie was a strong supporter of secession and the Confederacy.
	www.allthingscherokee.com /atc_sub_culture_feat_people_040102.html (615 words)

	Stand Watie
		Stand Watie was a member of the Cherokee Tribal Council from 1845 to 1861.
		Watie raised a cavalry regiment and served the South with distinction and enthusiasm.
		Watie was promoted to brigadier general on May 10, 1864, and on June 23, 1865, was the last Southern general to capitulate.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/world/stand_watie.htm (2585 words)

	Native Americans - Stand Watie
		Stand Watie was born Dec. 12, 1806, near Rome Georgia, and died Sept. 9, 1871, at his home on Honey Creek in Delaware County, Oklahoma, near the northwest corner of Arkansas.
		Watie was left in control of the Cherokee lands and his forces conducted a brutal campaign of revenge against pro-Union Cherokees and white missionaries.
		Stand Watie was chosen to replace the deposed John Ross as Chief of the Cherokees.
	www.nativeamericans.com /StandWatie.htm (1507 words)

	Stand Watie
		Watie ambushed the vessel with a three-gun artillery battery and a cavalry party, causing the Union guard of twenty-five to hastily desert the vessel.
		Stand Watie was born in the Oothcaloga Valley south of present-day Calhoun, Ga. in 1806.
		By the spring of 1861, Stand Watie (1806-1871), the leader of the southern faction of the Cherokee Nation, was a prosperous attorney and speaker of the nation’s National Council (the lower house of the Cherokee legislature).
	www.angelfire.com /ak2/MannFamilyTree/Stand.html (20420 words)

	GeorgiaInfo - Carl Vinson Institute of Government
		Stand Watie was born in the Oothcaloga Valley south of present-day Calhoun, Ga. in 1806 [some sources say Dec. 12].
		Stand Watie, Elias Boudinot and the Ridges emigrated to the Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma in 1837.
		Watie raised a regiment known as the Cherokee Mounted Volunteers and fought in Arkansas and the Battle of Pea Ridge (Elk Horn Tavern).
	www.cviog.uga.edu /Projects/gainfo/watie.htm (540 words)

	The Life of Stand Watie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		His men were known as the ‘Mounted Rifles.’ Watie was the last General to surrender in the War and is the only Native American to achieve the rank of Brigadier General.
		Watie was skillful horseman, an it was said there was never a bullet made that could kill Stand Watie, who was called "The Red Fox." His men believed he held magical powers.
		The circumstances and violent chain of events of Stand Watie’s life placed this ordinary man in a position of leadership which he assumed with dignity and courage.
	www.cherokeeswestern.com /standwatie.htm (428 words)

	Stand Watie Biography
		Stand Watie (12 December 1806-9 September 1871) was a Brigadier General of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
		Watie was the only Native American on either side to rise to a Brigadier General's rank during the war.
		At Fort Towson in Oklahoma Territory on June 23, 1865 Watie surrender the last significant rebel army, becoming the last Confederate general in the field to surrender.
	www.biographybase.com /biography/Watie_Stand.html (94 words)

	Talk:Stand Watie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stand Watie (1806-1871) was a member of the Cherokee nation, who had the distinction of being the only Native American on either side to rise to a brigadier general's rank during the American Civil War.
		Stand Watie was born on the 12 December 1806, near Rome, Georgia.
		As a slave-owning planter, Watie joined the Confederacy in 1861 because he feared the consequences of Lincoln's election and the Republican Party's free soil promises to open the west and the Indian Territory to white settlement.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Stand_Watie (1295 words)

	Alexandria, VA - Fort Ward Museum - Themes from the Past (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Stand Watie was chosen principal chief of the Cherokee Nation, and immediately drafted all Cherokee males aged 18-50 into Confederate military service.
		Watie's security was disrupted, however, by the 1830 Indian Removal Act to negotiate the removal of Indians west of the Mississippi.
		Watie refused to pay, lost his case in Federal court, and fell into bankruptcy after the plant was impounded for tax foreclosure.
	oha.ci.alexandria.va.us /fortward/special-sections/americans (2372 words)

	Pea Ridge NMP: Confederate Commanders - Colonel Stand Watie
		Stand Watie was born near present-day Rome, Georgia in 1806 into the rich, landholding Ridge / Watie family.
		His Cherokee name was De-ga-ta-ga, or "he stands." In 1835, he was one of the signers of the Treaty of New Echota, which gave the traditional Cherokee lands in North Carolina and Georgia to the United States, in exchange for money and land in the Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma).
		In June, 1865, Watie was the last Southern general to surrender to the Federals.
	www.nps.gov /archive/peri/watie.htm (297 words)

	Cherokee Mounted Rifles
		This information is incorrect, Stand Watie at the out break of hostilities, raised his own private army of mixed-blood Cherokee's, which he mobilzed and marched [uninvited] into the battle of Wilson's Creek [southwestern Missouri].
		Stand Watie was commissioned a Col. in the Army of the Confederate States of America, assigned to the Trans-Mississippi West, Territorial Indians under the command of Bg.
		Stand Watie had already raised a private Army of half-blood Cherokee's who were loyal to him and the Confederacy.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Troy/3869/Mounted.html (1276 words)

	Stand Watie and the Confederate Indians by John J. Dwyer
		Such a man was three-quarter-Cherokee Stand Watie, the only Indian to attain the rank of general in either the Federal or Confederate armies.
		The hard-riding Clem Rogers, for instance, was one of Watie’s chief cavalry scouts.
		Watie’s own wife and children had to refugee from northeastern Oklahoma down the Texas Road into North Texas in the cold of winter and live out the war amongst the elements.
	www.lewrockwell.com /orig3/dwyer7.html (1318 words)

	John Henry Asbill & the Civil War
		Stand Watie was still determined to make life miserable for the Union troops, but the summer months were about the only time he could fight.
		T. Scott wrote to Watie on March 15, 1865, stating that he thought that it would not be until the middle of April before Watie's troops could start rounding up horses and supplies in Texas to be ready to confront the enemy by May 1st.
		Watie joined her husband in the Choctaw country, where they lived until late in 1867, when the Waties returned to the Cherokee Nation and settled near Webbers Falls.
	arapaho.nsuok.edu /~asbill/civwbiog.htm (1376 words)

	Stand Watie Elementary
		Stand Watie was born in Rome, Georgia on December 12, 1806.
		Watie sided with the group of Cherokees who believed that removal from their homelands was inevitable and who wanted to negotiate the best possible deal.
		His troop fought throughout the war and Stand Watie gained the rank of Brigadier-General in the Confederate army.
	www.okcps.org /sch/el/standwatie.htm (184 words)

	Selected Works of Mabel Washbourne Anderson
		General Stand Watie was one of eight children, three daughters and five sons, two of who rose to places of eminence in their tribe.
		Stand Watie was married in the new Nation, September 18, 1842 to Sarah Bell.
		Stand Watie showed such efficiency as a leader and commander, that on May 10, 1864, he received from President Davis the appointment of Brigadier General in the Confederate Army, and later was brevetted.
	www.anpa.ualr.edu /digital_library/anderson/anderson.htm (11283 words)

	Cherokee Images 1839-1866 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Stand Watie, leader of the Southern Cherokees, was a Treaty Party leader and signer of the Treaty of New Echota.
		Named Ta-ker-taw-ker, "to stand firm", at birth and formally Degadoga, "he stands on two feet", he was baptized as Isaac.
		Saladin Ridge Watie, son of Stand Watie, enlisted in the Confederate service at fifteen and rose to the rank of captain in his father's Confederate Indian brigade.
	cherokeehistory.com /image2.html (471 words)

	Native Americans In The Civil War
		Stand Watie was one of the signers of a treaty that agreed to the removal of the Cherokee from their home in Georgia to what was then the Oklahoma territory; this split the tribes into two factions, and Stand Watie became the leader of the minority party.
		Watie organized a company, then a regiment known as the First Cherokee Mounted Rifles; the regiment fought at Wilson's Creek, Elkhorn, and in numerous smaller fights and skirmishes along the border with what was known as Indian Territory.
		Stand Watie was unreconstructed to the end; it is believed he never surrendered until June 23, 1865, well after other Confederate commanders had given up.
	www.civilwarhome.com /nativeamericans.htm (854 words)

	Cherokee & the Confederacy: The South, the West, and a Second Civil War
		Stand Waite rose to prominence as one of the leaders of the faction in favor of settling in the west.
		Stand Watie earned a reputation as a highly capable commander and was elevated to the rank of Brigadier General in May of 1864.
		Stand Waite and his Cherokee Mounted Rifles remained dedicated to the southern cause; for they still believed that a Confederate victory would allow them control over their lands within the Indian Territory.
	nativeamericanfirstnationshistory.suite101.com /article.cfm/cherokee_nation___the_confederacy (2897 words)

	The Stand Watie Family
		Dawnee Watie (circa 1800 - 9/27/1812) - she died at the Moravian Mission.
		NOTE: Stand Watie has no descendants except for his children and one grandchild who died during birth.
		Stand was in ill-health in his old age and was suddenly stricken and died.
	www.paulridenour.com /swatie.htm (1367 words)

	Pitter's Cherokee Trails - Major Ridge-Watie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Watie, the Ridges brother was said to be a quiet, retiring young man who seldom spoke, and did not engage much in conversation.
		Waties mother spoke only Cherokee and was illiterate, yet she constantly encouraged her children to achieve an education and accept instruction in the paths of virtue.
		Watie was survived by his wife Sarah, and his two daughters, Ninnie Joshine and Charlotte Jacqueline.
	rosecity.net /cherokee/ridge.html (1381 words)

	tuklo's Territorial Indian Civil War Regimental Muster Page
		General Stand Watie, Commander of the 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles, Colonel John Drew, Commander of the 2nd Cherokee Mounted Rifles, and those who rode with the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Regiments.
		Stand Watie had raised an independent (private) army of half-blood [mixed blood] Cherokees who were radically opposed to Chief John Ross and his full-blood supporters and their neutral stand.
		Watie was in fact waiting for 1,500 reinforcements under the command of Brig.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Troy/3869/Muster.html (718 words)

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