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Topic: Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure

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Standard temperature and pressure

Standard atmospheric pressure

Atmospheric pressure

Standard state

Pascal

International Civil Aviation Organisation

Celsius

Kelvin

Specific heat capacity

Atmospheric pressure demo

British thermal unit

Equilibrium

Temperature conversion formulas

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	Standard conditions for temperature and pressure - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ambient temperature and air pressure vary from one location to another on the earth, and also vary in the same place over time.
		In chemistry, the term standard temperature and pressure (abbreviated STP) denotes an exact reference temperature of 0 °C (273.15 K) and pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar).
		It is notable that one mole of an ideal gas or combination of ideal gases occupies 22.710981(40) L at STP.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure (414 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: Specific_heat_capacity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The equivalent definition using cgs units is the amount of energy (measured in ergs) required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius (erg/(gÂ·Â°C)).
		Temperature: Measuring the heat capacity of water produces different results if the starting point is 20 Â°C rather than 60 Â°C. Therefore the temperature at which the measurement was conducted must be specified for the value to be useful.
		The former, which is also the most commonly used, applies to a gas evolving at constant pressure, and the latter applies to a gas evolving at constant volume, such as a gas in air-tight enclosure.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=Specific_heat_capacity (407 words)

	Density of air - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Air density and air pressure decrease with increasing altitude.
		At standard temperature and pressure (0 °C and 101.325 kPa), dry air has a density of ρ
		For moist air, the partial pressure of the water vapor must be considered as well.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Density_of_air (357 words)

	Christian Hill's website - physical chemistry tutorial - units and some basics: standard conditions
		The standard pressure of 1 bar is frequently used in thermodynamics, and is given its own symbol: p° = 1 bar.
		The standard state of a substance is its pure form at p° = 1 bar and a specified temperature.
		Avogadro's principle states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules, regardless of the identity of the gases.
	physchem.ox.ac.uk /~hill/tutorials/basics/standard_conditions.shtml (238 words)

	General Chemistry Online: Glossary:
		The standard state for a gas is the the state of the pure substance in the gaseous phase at the standard pressure
		The standard state for liquids and solids is the state of the most stable form of the substance at the standard pressure.
		Temperature is not included in the definition of standard state and must be specified, but when not given a temperature of 25°C is usually implied.
	antoine.frostburg.edu /chem/senese/101/glossary/s.shtml (2542 words)

	SCH3A Grade 11 Chemistry: Equations of State for Gases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		As a standard, the choice of n = 1 is universal; however, the pressure is commonly chosen as either p = 100 kPa (1 bar) or as p = 101.325 kPa (1 atm).
		As the pressure increases or the temperature decreases, real gases are found to deviate significantly from the behavior expected of ideal gases.
		The measured pressure is thus less than it should be because the attractive forces act to reduce it.
	www.ucdsb.on.ca /tiss/stretton/chem1/gases11.html (633 words)

	Converters of pressure, force, temperature
		For measurement and continuous conversion of gage pressure (pressure) in neutral to titanium and stainless steel media (gas, vapor, fluid) into unified output DC or voltage signal.
		For measurement of gage pressure in explosive zones of neutral to titanium and stainless steel media and for continuous pressure conversion into unified output DC signal in systems of automatic control, regulation and management of technological processes.
		For proportional gage pressure conversion of liquids, gases or vapors into standard output DC signal 4-20 mю.The instrument is used in systems of control, regulation and management.
	www.valley.ru /~orlex/preob_e.htm (1792 words)

	Enthalpy and Thermochemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Standard ambient temperature is 298.15K on the Kelvin scale.
		The standard state of a substance at a specified temperature is its pure form at 1 bar of pressure.
		A reaction enthalpy is the sum of the enthalpies of any sequence of reactions (at the same temperature and pressure) into which the overall reaction may be divided.
	www.chem.shef.ac.uk /level-4/jim-hall/PICKUP3.HTM (1004 words)

	Army Standard Metro
		When used to calculate performance at any pressure altitude other than sea level, the temperature is adjusted using the prescribed dry adiabatic lapse rates (which are -6,5°C/km for the first 11 km).
		In chemistry, the term standard temperature and pressure (abbreviated STP) denotes 0°C (273.15 K) and a pressure of 1 atm (defined as 101.325 kPa).
		The term Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure (abbreviated SATP) denotes a reference temperature of 25°C (298.15 K) and a pressure of 100 kPa.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/army_standard_metro (250 words)

	General Chemistry Online: Glossary: Gases
		The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures that each gas would exert if it were alone.
		A gas whose pressure P, volume V, and temperature T are related by PV = nRT, where n is the number of moles of gas and R is the ideal gas law constant
		A mercury or oil manometer measures gas pressure as the height of a fluid column the gas sample is able to support.
	antoine.frostburg.edu /chem/senese/101/gases/glossary.shtml (975 words)

	Density of air -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		At (Level of the ocean's surface (especially that halfway between mean high and low tide); used as a standard in reckoning land elevation or sea depth) sea level and at 20 °C dry air has a density of approximately 1.2 kg/m
		Air density and (The pressure exerted by the atmosphere) air pressure decrease with increasing altitude.
		Temperature at altitude h metres above sea level is given by the following formula (only valid below the (The region of discontinuity between the troposphere and the stratosphere) tropopause):
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/de/density_of_air.htm (512 words)

	STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure
		Since temperature and air pressure may vary form site to site it is necessary with standard reference conditions for testing and documentation of chemical and physical processes.
		STP is commonly used to define standard conditions for temperature and pressure, which is important for the measurements and documentation of chemical and physical processes.
		SATP - Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure is also used in chemistry as a reference with temperature of 25°C (298.15 K) and pressure of 101 kPa.
	www.hvac-toolbox.com /37_772.html (369 words)

	Erik's Chemistry: States of Matter and Properties of Gases - Terms
		The pressure exerted by a mixture of perfect gases is the sum of the pressures exerted by the individual gases occupying the same volume alone.
		At a given pressure and temperature, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
		The particular condition of a sample of matter that is described in terms of volume, pressure, temperature and amount of substance present.
	members.tripod.com /%7EEppE/pc1term.htm (892 words)

	ME 401 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
		Calculate the maximum pressure at the end of combustion for a 4 stroke cycle, single cylinder, 500 cc SI engine operating at 2500 rpm and producing a torque of 24 N-m.
		The pressure and temperature at the start of compression are 90 kPa and 300 K respectively.
		The standard ambient temperature and pressure are 293 K and 101.325 kPa respectively.
	www.me.metu.edu.tr /me401/Common/pset3.html (931 words)

	Encyclopedia: Specific heat capacity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Temperature is the physical property of a system which underlies the common notions of hot and cold; the material with the higher temperature is said to be hotter.
		The gram or gramme, symbol g, is a unit of mass, and is defined as one one-thousandth of the SI base unit kilogram (i.
		Temperature: Measuring the heat capacity of water produces different results if the starting point is 20 Â°C rather than 60 Â°C. Therefore the temperature the measurement was conducted at must be specified for the value to be useful.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Specific-heat-capacity (1300 words)

	ChemTeam: Four Gas Law Variables (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Standard temperature is defined as zero degrees Celsius or 273 K. The Kelvin temperature of a gas is directly proportional to its kinetic energy.
		Standard temperature and pressure is a very common phrase in chemistry, so common it has been abbreviated to STP.
		What the ChemTeam will use as STP is actually called standard ambient temperature and pressure (STAP), but the difference between the two is unimportant at this stage of your chemistry training.
	dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us /webdocs/GasLaw/Four-Gas-Variables.html (658 words)

	Ronald Bourgoin: Ambient Temperature Bismuth Superconductor
		As the ambient temperature of teh conductor is decreased, it has been found that there occurs a linear decrease in resistivity with temperature.
		As the ambient temperature of the conductor is decreased, it has been found that there occurs a linear decrease in resistivity with temperature.
		The conducting behavior of a material below its transition temperature is described on the basis of the "two-fluid" model of superconductivity: one "fluid" consists of electrons in a normal conduction process expected at the particular ambient temperature of the conductor; the other consists of high speed electrons whose passage along the conductor is apparently unimpeded.
	www.rexresearch.com /bourgoin/bourgo~1.htm (9824 words)

	Section 4 - IV. Chemical Identification, Production and Use
		The chemical 1,3-butadiene (BD) (Chemical Abstracts Registry Number 106-99-0) is a colorless, noncorrosive, flammable gas with a mild aromatic odor at standard ambient temperature and pressure.
		It is stored as a liquid under pressure, sometimes refrigerated to reduce the pressure, generally stored in a tank farm in diked spheres.
		F) and pressure at 0 to 15 psig; in the hot rubber process, temperature and pressure are around 50 deg.
	www.osha.gov /pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=PREAMBLES&p_id=745 (1584 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 4
		Ra- diation inversion, a temperature inversion produced by cooling by radiation: from the earth's surface at night, from a surface of snow or ice; from the upper part of a layer of cloud, etc. Subsidence temperature inversion, an upper-level temperature inversion caused by subsidence (q.v.) (WMO).
		At a given temperature and pressure, the state of moist air whose mixing ratio is such that the moist air can coexist in neutral equilibrium with an associated condensed phase (liquid or solid) at the same temperature and pressure, the surface of separation being plane (WMO).
		Secondary standards are those judged to be necessary for protection against known or anticipated adverse effects other than health hazards (in practice they are concerned largely with effects on vegetation) and must be complied with "within a reason- able time".
	www.cse.polyu.edu.hk /~airlab/glossary/glo_a_cont.html (8619 words)

	AMETEK US GAUGE
		The Pressure Measurement Technology group has developed a variety of pressure transducer and transmitter types and sizes that are well suited to industrial and municipal water and waste water applications.
		Standard models have proportional band adjustments for controlling processes where load changes are infrequent and can be corrected by the manual reset feature, standard in every controller.
		These pressures may be indicated locally or remotely by a pressure gauge having a dial calibrated in terms of the variable being measured.
	www.usgauge.com /products/ProductCategory.cfm (4101 words)

	ambient pressure electronic components (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		interior pressure of enclosed electronic and electrical components to the ambient pressure, and thus reduce...
		ambient pressure at temperatures up to 250??????C, is designed to combine optical, micromechanical, and electronic elements...
		pressure, ambient air temperature and pressure, sound pressure, and ambient air relative...
	www.surplus-electronic-components.info-a1.com /surpluselectroniccomponents/1/ambient-pressure-electronic-components.html (553 words)

	Math & Science: Forces of helium
		In chemistry, "standard temperature and pressure" (STP) is 0°C and 101 325 Pa whilst
		"standard ambient temperature and pressure" (SATP) is 25°C and 100 000 Pa.
		The "Army Standard Metro", used in ballistics, defines standard sea level conditions as 29,5275 inHg of pressure (99 991,6 Pa), 59°F (15°C, 288,15 K), and 78% humidity.
	www.experts-exchange.com /Miscellaneous/Math_Science/Q_21007544.html (1135 words)

	Grade 11 Chemistry: The Emprical Gas Laws: Volume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		When measured under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, the volumes of gases which react together are in the ratio of small whole numbers.
		Equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
		Since the fundamental unit of amount of substance, the mole, is equal to Avogadro's number of atoms or molecules, the amount of substance n, in moles.
	www.ucdsb.on.ca /tiss/stretton/chem1/gases3.html (370 words)

	Wika Gauges for Measurement of Temperature and Pressure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Since the sensing element of a pressure gauge may be exposed directly to the measured medium, consider the characteristics of this medium.
		The normal ambient temperature range for WIKA gauges is -40 ºF to +160 ºF (-40 ºC to +71 ºC) for dry gauges, and -4 ºF to +140 ºF (-20 ºC to +60 ºC) for glycerine-filled gauges.
		The correction is for the temperature of the gauge, and not the temperature of the measured medium.
	www.shopfnc.com /wika/wikasel.htm (514 words)

	[No title]
		The ideal gas equation is a physical law which is used to predict the pressure, volume or temperature of a gas, i.e.
		When the temperature is kept constant, doubling the pressure halves the volume of the gas and halving the pressure doubles the volume, i.e.
		When the pressure is kept constant, increasing the temperature increases the volume of the gas.
	www.abdn.ac.uk /physics/px1011a/l1.doc (1168 words)

	Diffusion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		At a given temperature, there is an average KE that is the same for any gas.
		SATP represents Standard Ambient Temperature and Pressure and means 25
		This is the newer standard as it uses SI units (and the temperature is more comfortable to work at!).
	rhsroyals.nbed.nb.ca /chem11/gases/diffusion_and_graham.htm (617 words)

	Sensors Magazine Online - August 1999 - Using the IEEE-1451.2 Correction Engineto Compensate a Multivariable Smart ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The 1451.2 standard defines an electronic digital interface in terms of this basic I/O model, the first of several potential places where a standard interface would be valuable in the data flow between the physical sensor/actuator and the end-user software application such as an MMI (man–machine interface).
		The reference capacitor is not responsive to pressure but will change with ambient temperature due to the dielectric properties of the silicone oil.
		This is further corrected for line pressure and ambient temperature using a virtual channel (channel 4) to produce the final corrected output, dP.
	www.sensorsmag.com /articles/0899/47/main.shtml (2159 words)

	4140 Temperature / Pressure Switch
		Well established and long proven temperature sensing methods enable precise and reliable operation largely u d by change in ambient temperature.
		Ambient Temperature: Suitable for installation in ambient temperature of -15 to +120 C (+5 to +248 F).
		Combined single step Temperature and single step Pressure switch, having two microswitches, one for the Temperature set point and the other for the Pressure set point.
	www.amot.com /US/products/4140.asp (564 words)

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