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Topic: Standard Generalized Markup Language

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	Markup language Summary
		The idea of "markup languages" was apparently first presented by publishing executive William W. Tunnicliffe at a conference in 1967, although he preferred to call it "generic coding." Tunnicliffe would later lead the development of a standard called GenCode for the publishing industry.
		SGML specified a syntax for including the markup in documents, as well as one for separately describing what tags were allowed, and where (the DTD or schema).
		Thus, SGML is properly a meta-language, and many particular markup languages are derived from it.
	www.bookrags.com /Markup_language (2797 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		SGML is a descendant of IBM's Generalized Markup Language (GML), developed in the 1960s by Charles Goldfarb, Edward Mosher and Raymond Lorie (whose surname initials also happen to be GML).
		SGML should not be confused with the Geography Markup Language (GML) developed by the Open GIS Consortium; cf.
		SGML was originally designed to enable the sharing of machine-readable documents in large projects in government and the aerospace industry, which have to remain readable for several decades—a very long time in information technology.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/SGML (465 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		SGML is a descendant of IBM's Generalized Markup Language (GML), developed in the 1960s by Charles Goldfarb, Edward Mosher and Raymond Lorie (whose surname initials were used by Goldfarb to make up the term GML).
		SGML and GML should not be confused with the Geography Markup Language developed by the Open GIS Consortium or the Game Maker scripting language.
		SGML was originally designed to enable the sharing of machine-readable documents in large projects in government, legal and the aerospace industry, which have to remain readable for several decades—a very long time in information technology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language (469 words)

	SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		SGML is a descendant of IBM's Generalized Markup Language (GML).
		SGML is based on the idea that documents have structural and other semantic elements that can be described without reference to how such elements should be displayed.
		SGML was originally designed to enable the sharing of machine-readable documents in large projects in government, legal and the aerospace industry, which have to remain readable for several decades—a very long time in information technology.
	www.javvin.com /softwareglossary/SGML.html (179 words)

	Cover Pages: Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
		Both SGML and XML are "meta" languages because they are used for defining markup languages.
		A markup language defined using SGML or XML has a specific vocabulary (labels for elements and attributes) and a declared syntax (grammar defining the hierarchy and other features).
		SGML is more customizable (thus flexible and more "powerful") at the expense of being (much) more expensive to implement.
	xml.coverpages.org /sgml.html (230 words)

	Introduction to SGML
		SGML is a Standard Generalized Markup Language defined in ISO standard 8879:1986.
		SGML was not designed to be a standardized way of coding text: in fact it is impossible to devise a single coding scheme that would be suit all languages and all applications.
		SGML sets out to clearly identify the boundaries of every part of a document, whether it be a new chapter, a piece of boilerplate text, or a reference to another publication.
	www.oasis-open.org /cover/bryanIntro1992.html (2526 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML): Overview and New Developments - Network Notes #3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) is an International Organization for Standardization Standard (ISO 8879) that describes a language for text encoding.
		SGML is a product of the publishing industry, having had its origins in the automation of proofreaders markup in the 1970s.
		Unlike most other markup languages, SGML is non-proprietary, that is, it is not owned by any one vendor and does not have to be licensed for use.
	www.collectionscanada.ca /9/1/p1-202-e.html (1408 words)

	Exeter SGML Project: What is SGML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Markup is 'descriptive' in that it indicates the nature, function, or type of content in a document, rather than specifying how that data content should be displayed, printed on paper, or otherwise processed.
		SGML's descriptive markup identifies delimited information objects in terms of what they are, not in terms of how they are to be rendered on a computer screen or formatted for paper printout.
		SGML has been adopted widely within industry, serving the needs of large multinational corporations and specific industry sectors where standardized data representation is critical to information interchange.
	www.isgmlug.org /sgmlhelp/exetwhy.htm (1943 words)

	SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) (Linktionary term)
		SGML is an open standard markup language that specifies how documents should be formatted.
		In this sense, it is a metalanguage-a language that describes a formatting and markup language.
		The markups were so obscure that users quickly realized a standard markup language was needed to reduce confusion.
	www.linktionary.com /s/sgml.html (410 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language Summary
		SGML is an acronym for Standard Generalized Markup Language.
		This language was developed and organized by the International Organization for Standards in 1986 as a means for organizing and identifying elements of a document that are destined to be formatted.
		SGML should not be confused with the Geography Markup Language (GML) developed by the Open GIS Consortium; cf, or the Game Maker scripting language, GML.
	www.bookrags.com /Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language (1030 words)

	SGML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		SGML grew out of an earlier language called Generalized Markup Language (GML) developed around 1970 by Charles Goldfarb and others and an IBM version called Document Composition Facility Generalized Markup Language (DCF GML) (Bryan 1988).
		The development of GML and its successors, Document Composition Facility Generalized Markup Language (DCF GML) and SGML, was guided by two principles: textual markup should describe logical structure instead of physical appearance, and textual markup should be unambiguous and easily understood by either a program or a person (Bryan 1988).
		After several years of further development, Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) was issued in 1986 as Standard 8879 by the ISO (Bryan 1988).
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~aist/www_paper/sgml.html (365 words)

	Datapan.com - Standard Generalized Markup Language
		SGML should not be confused with the Geography Markup Language (GML) developed by the Open GIS Consortium; cf, or the Game Maker scripting language, GML.
		XML is a profile—a specific subset of SGML, designed to be simpler to parse and process than full SGML, and to have better internationalization.
		The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a W3C-recommended general-purpose markup language.
	www.datapan.com /sgml.html (456 words)

	Zones for Markup Language Documents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Markup languages use tags embedded in the text of documents to specify the document's structure and formatting.
		SGML is the basis for HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, which is the means used to create pages for the World Wide Web.
		SGML documents rely on a Document Type Definition (DTD) to define their tags.
	www.ojp.usdoj.gov /search97/doc/collbldg/11_cbg3.htm (998 words)

	The Standard Generalized Markup Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Standard Generalized Markup Language is used to describe the content of text documents in a logical and structural manner.
		It is the most well known SGML markup language but largely and falsely thought of as being outside the context of or as a brother or sister of SGML.
		SGML languages define descriptive content containers that contain document content and are described in relation to other containers in terms of where they can and must exist.
	www.online-learning.com /demos/sgml-xml/SGML.html (455 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language
		Markup languages are special codes and markers designed to perform specific functions within an electronic document.
		Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is one example of a markup language based on this ISO standard.
		SGML languages use markers called tags to specify the formatting within the document and to separate specific parts of the document into blocks that can be recognized and searched more easilly.
	www.inetdaemon.com /tutorials/www/sgml/index.shtml (428 words)

	cgi-bin.com: Hosted Article: Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
		SGML is a descendant of IBM's "Generalized Markup Language" GML, developed in the 1960s by Charles Goldfarb, Edward Mosher and Raymond Lorie (whose surname initials also happen to be GML).
		SGML was originally designed to enable the sharing of machine-readable documents in large projects in government and the aerospace industry.
		SGML is very flexible and powerful, but its complexity has prevented its widespread application for small-scale general-purpose use.
	www.cgi-bin.com /Articles/sgml.htm (239 words)

	What is SGML? Standard Generalized Markup Language Code Tags (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		A standard for how to specify a document markup language or tag set.
		SGML is not in itself a document language, but a description of how to specify one.
		The document consists of data characters and markup; the markup describes the structure of the information and an instance of that structure.
	bugclub.org /beginners/internet/sgml.html (87 words)

	MARC DTD: Background and Development
		SGML is a technique for representing documents in machine-readable form which was approved as an international standard, ISO 8879 (Information processing--Text and office systems--Standard Generalized Markup Language).
		Due to constraints presented by the SGML standard itself, certain things had to be specified in the MARC DTDs that are not explicitly specified for MARC (ISO 2709) records.
		The structure of subfield-level SGML elements would be the expected alphabetic prefix ("mrcb" or "mrca", depending upon the DTD), the three-digit numeric tag for the field in which the subfield is valid, a hyphen (-), and the one-character subfield identifier, usually a lowercase letter a-z or digits 2-8 (for example: mrcb245-a, mrcb245-b, mrcb245-6).
	www.loc.gov /marc/marcdtd/marcdtdback.html (6353 words)

	A Gentle Introduction to SGML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Generalizing from that sense, we define markup, or (synonymously) encoding, as any means of making explicit an interpretation of a text.
		A markup language must specify what markup is allowed, what markup is required, how markup is to be distinguished from text, and what the markup means.
		SGML provides the means for doing the first three; documentation such as these Guidelines is required for the last.
	www.isgmlug.org /sgmlhelp/g-sg.htm (398 words)

	Markup Languages
		A markup language is identified by special characters or other symbols that are inserted within a text file to indicate how the file should look when it is displayed (or printed).
		SGML defines rules for how a document can be described in terms of its logical structure (headings or paragraphs for example).
		This means that a single standard SGML compiler can serve many different kinds of documents that use a range of different markup codes and related meanings.
	www.ac.wwu.edu /~granier/info/markup/markup.htm (424 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language
		Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) is an international standard defining the structure of documents.
		The Text Encoding Initiative, a consortium of academic institutions, is using SGML to make available electronic versions of texts in the humanities for scholarly study.
		SGML is used to create Braille and large print books for the visually impaired and physically challenged.
	www.ramassociates.com /sgml.html (393 words)

	Overview of SGML Resources
		SGML, Standard Generalized Markup Language, is an enabling technology used in applications such as HTML.
		The SGML standard itself is not available online, but there's plenty of code to read if you're a hacker, and a few introductory documents for everybody.
		SGML archive at the University of Oslo, Norway.
	www.w3.org /MarkUp/SGML (254 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Standard Generalized Markup Language - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), in computer science, a text-formatting language used by publishers and multimedia industries to solve...
		Encarta's bilingual dictionaries provide quick and easy translations of English words in four languages — Spanish, French, German, and Italian.
	encarta.msn.com /Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language.html (144 words)

	[No title]
		Translators have been generated using the architecture, both by the original software developers and by industrial associates who have installed the architecture at their own sites." Further note: A subset of the OSU Chameleon Project's more recent SGML translation tools is to be made freely available to the academic community in 1992.
		Using SGML, the elements of a document are marked up as to their role, be it a paragraph, an abstract, a note, or whatever; the style of presentation is a separate issue and is not addressed by SGML.
		Abstract: The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) is an ISO Standard that specifies a language for document representation.
	www.math.utah.edu /~beebe/support/sgmlex/bibliography/Bibliog.p1 (4955 words)

	Standard Generalized Markup Language - css-discuss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		SGML is the grandfather of both HTML and XML.
		SGML is the root of most modern markup languages, but it's also such a behemoth that it's very difficult to implement fully-compliant SGML applications.
		SGML is defined in [ISO8879], and can be yours for only $130 as of 1/2/2003.
	css-discuss.incutio.com /?page=StandardGeneralizedMarkupLanguage (66 words)

	WDVL: SGML
		SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) is an international standard formally called ISO 8879 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
		XML (Extensible Markup Language) is defined by W3C to be an ISO compliant subset of SGML.
		SGML 101 is a short overview of SGML.
	www.wdvl.com /Authoring/Languages/SGML.html (349 words)

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