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Topic: Standard Modern Chinese

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	Vernacular Chinese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This term is not to be confused with the various present-day vernacular spoken varieties of Chinese.
		During the Zhou Dynasty, Old Chinese was the spoken and written form of Chinese, and was used to write classical Chinese texts.
		See Chinese grammar for the grammar of the modern standard written language, which is Vernacular Chinese.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vernacular_Chinese (668 words)

	Standard Mandarin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, all of these standard dialects were probably unknown outside the educated elite; even among the elite, pronunciations may have been very different, as the unifying factor of all Chinese dialects, Classical Chinese, was a written standard, not a spoken one.
		Vernacular Chinese, the standard written form of modern Chinese, is in turn based loosely upon a mixture of northern (predominant), southern, and classical grammar and usage.
		Curiously the use of standard Mandarin in the 20th century has supplanted the use of pidgin English which was used as a common language in some parts of southern China in the 18th and 19th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Putonghua (4492 words)

	Chinese Translation services by Chinadocument.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Modern Standard Chinese is one of the five official languages of the United Nations.
		Modern knowledge of the sounds of Chinese during the Ancient Chinese period is derived from a pronouncing dictionary of the language of the Ancient period published in AD 601 by the scholar Lu Fa-yen and also from the works of the scholar-official Ssu-ma Kuang, published in the 11th century.
		Chinese has no definite article (“the”), although the word for “one” and the demonstrative adjective are sometimes used as articles in the language today.
	www.chinadocument.com (639 words)

	Chinese
		Modern Standard Chinese is spoken by approximately 890 million people throughout the world.
		Chinese can be taken at Nathan campus in the Bachelor of Arts in Languages and Applied Linguistics, the Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of International Business, Bachelor of Arts in Asian Studies, Bachelor of Arts in International Relations and in most other programs.
		The Chinese language team is committed to continual improvement of its Chinese language program and teaching methodology to meet the needs of students in their dealings with native Mandarin speakers and of the marketplace in its demand for people with a practical working knowledge of the language.
	www.gu.edu.au /school/lal/undergrad/language/content_chinese.html (430 words)

	Chinese definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta
		Cantonese, Hokkien, and Modern Standard Chinese are the best-known members of the group.
		Chinese Much of English is made up of words from other languages, and Chinese is an important contributor in this respect.
		It comes from Chinese honghé, literally "work together," a shortening of gōngyèhézuòshè "Chinese Industrial Cooperative Society." Kaolin, which is first recorded in the early 18th century, comes from Chinese gāoling "high hill," an area of Jiangxi province where this fine white clay is found.
	encarta.msn.com /dictionary_1861695817_1861687530/prevpage.html (618 words)

	Chinese Studies (Bowdoin, Asian Studies)
		Chinese language instruction, ranging from elementary to advanced levels, emphasizes the all-round development of proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing.
		An intermediate course in modern standard Chinese (Mandarin).
		Examines modern Chinese society using a sociological lens, with emphasis on several key social institutions and their role in the lives of individuals and in the society at large; family, interpersonal networks, and community.
	academic.bowdoin.edu /asian-studies/chinese/html/index.shtml (1428 words)

	East Asian Languages and Cultures
		This course explores Chinese fiction and prose of recent decades through two broad and intertwined concerns: the struggles of memory and forgetting, and the politics of representing gender, geographical, and cultural identities.
		Modern Chinese Literature: “Becoming Animal: Biocentric Modes in Modern Chinese Literature.” The epochal impact of evolutionary thought on modern Chinese cultural and literary history is widely acknowledged, but the nature and repercussions of that impact seldom thoroughly questioned or explored.
		Modern Japanese Literature: “Readings in Taishô Literature.” An examination of the modern Japanese short story with a focus on the narrative intertwining of personal experience, emotional affects, on the one hand, and of the impersonal structures of allusion and citation, on the other.
	ealc.berkeley.edu /courses/fall03descriptions.htm (4483 words)

	[No title]
		Chinese Ba EALC Department Modern Standard Chinese Harvard University Fall 1996 COURSE SYLLABUS Course Description This is a beginning course in Modern Standard Chinese (Mandarin) for students with no significant prior experience in the language.
		Objectives By the end of Chinese Ba, students should expect to have acquired the following competencies: 1) Ability to distinguish by ear, to pronounce, and to provide in Pinyin transcription all the individual syllables in the phonetic system of Modern Standard Chinese.
		Students are also required to develop proper penmanship in the writing of Chinese characters, which, depending on your interest and your flair for composition (which is in inverse proportion to your proficiency with a computer keyboard), can take from between 10 to 30 minutes per day.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~clp/China/ba.txt (887 words)

	Modern and Chinese medicine
		The potential of the integration of Chinese and modern medicine in future medical practice must, therefore, not be underestimated.
		Appropriate integration of Chinese and modern medicine may have synergistic effects such that treatment outcome is enhanced and side-effects are suppressed.
		Hence, when practicing the integration of Chinese and modern medicine, one should watch out for the reactions of patients to the drugs and integrate this information to the overall planning in the therapy.
	www.purifymind.com /ModernChi.htm (1379 words)

	Chinese
		Goals of the course are mastery of the elements of pronunciation and control of a basic vocabulary of 800-900 words and most basic grammatical patterns of the language.
		Consolidation of the foundation that students have laid in their first year of study and continued drill and practice in the spoken language, with continued expansion of reading and writing vocabulary and sentence patterns.
		Readings in modern Chinese prose, including outstanding examples of literature, newspaper articles, etc. Students are supposed to be able to understand most of the readings with the aid of a dictionary, so that class discussion is not focused on detailed explanations of grammar.
	www.jhu.edu /~ltc/chinese.htm (467 words)

	EAS100Y MODERN STANDARD CHINESE ±ê×¼ÏÖ´úººÓï
		The common dialect of Chinese is Northern Chinese or Mandarin.
		Northern Chinese is the official language of China and is taught in all the nation's schools.
		Northern Chinese became China's official language because it was spoken in Beijing, the capital.
	www.chass.utoronto.ca /~zqingzhi/EAS100Y.html (1622 words)

	Modern Chinese - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the development of Modern Chinese from the late nineteenth century up to the 1990s, concentrating on three major aspects: Modern Spoken Chinese, Modern Written Chinese, and the Modern Chinese writing system.
		It describes and analyses in detail, from historical and sociolinguistic perspectives, the establishment and promotion of Modern Spoken Chinese and Modern Written Chinese and the reform of the Chinese script.
		'Modern Chinese - History and Sociolinguistics is an excellent work, placing the development of modern Chinese in its social and historical context.
	www.cup.cam.ac.uk /catalogue/print.asp?isbn=0511036450&print=y (312 words)

	Chinese \| Victoria University of Wellington
		Chinese is offered as a major for a Bachelor of Arts [BA] and can also contribute to a BA major in Asian Languages or Modern Languages.
		Chinese courses complement other courses in Asian languages, Asian studies, history, geography, or in commerce and law.
		Chinese courses are taught within the School of Asian and European Languages and Cultures.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /home/subjects_degrees/subjects/chin.aspx (378 words)

	Chinese 100 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		It is meant to intellectualize the student's knowledge of the Chinese language.
		By being offered a systematic contrast and comparison between the sound and syntactic systems of the standard modern Chinese and Cantonese dialect, students are expected to master the system of sound in Standard Modern Chinese and to understand some of the fundamental principles of Chinese grammar.
		Students in this course systematically review their knowledge of Chinese by organized survey of basic vocabulary and grammatical structures, though the main emphasis will be on accuracy in pronunciation and grammar.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~clp/China/100.htm (175 words)

	CJK Language Learning at U of T
		A comprehensive introduction to Modern Standard Chinese (Mandarin) as a second language for students with no background in any Chinese dialect; equal emphasis on listening, speaking, reading, writing Chinese characters and translation; active vocabulary of about 500 single characters and over a thousand phrases and idiomatic expressions.
		It is designed for students who have studied two years of Modern Chinese at U of T or the equivalent.
		The course deals in depth with various themes in modern Chinese culture and society, with the focus on continuity and change in contemporary China.
	www.utoronto.ca /cjk/chinese/courses.html (636 words)

	College in the Schools - Course Offerings
		Modern standard Chinese skills developed further through conversations, writing, and reading.
		Modern standard Chinese skills developed further through conversation and reading.
		All Chinese courses are coordinated by Zhen Zou, Assistant Education Specialist, Department of Asian Languages and Literatures (Zouxx009@umn.edu).
	www.cce.umn.edu /cis/courses/chinese.html (137 words)

	Pre-enrolment 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Foundation work on pronunciation, pinyin romanisation, elementary grammar and the Chinese writing system will be followed by an integrated program of grammar learning, vocabulary development and training in the skills of listening and speaking.
		Assumed knowledge: One year of Chinese at introductory level, preferably using full-form characters.Prohibition: May not be taken by those eligible to take native-speaker stream units of study.Assessment: (Subject to revision) classwork (20%); two 30-minute tests and three 40-minute tests (20% each; subject to certain conditions, only the better of the first two marks is counted).
		Assumed knowledge: Sound intermediate knowledge of Modern Standard Chinese, including full mastery of at least 1,000 characters (preferably full-form).Prohibition: May not be taken by those eligible to take intermediate or native-speaker stream units of study.Assessment: (Subject to revision) classwork, including language exercises (20%); two group projects (10% each); three major tests (20% each).
	www.arts.usyd.edu.au /departs/chinese_seas/preenrol_04.html (6839 words)

	penspotters :: Modern Chinese pens
		The go-to guy for Chinese pens is Norman Haase of http://www.hisnibs.com/, who uses his Asian business connections to bring back lots of product from Hero, Genius, Duke, and other companies that aren't as yet very widely distributed.
		The point is solid 12k gold, in a shape like that of the Parker 75 (and it crimps onto the feed in a manner similar to the Parker pen), but with fancier two-tone decoration bearing the Hero flower trademark and "12K/2000" (maybe 2000 was the year of manufacture?).
		Of course, on the other hand, I do hear that the Chairman was a bit of a Ladies' Man, and his notorious fourth and last wife Chiang Ch'ing, before ending her career as one quarter of the hard-line post-Mao Gang of Four, began it in pre-Communist Shanghai as a film actress.
	www.rickconner.net /penspotters/chinese.html (3090 words)

	2006-2007 Faculty of Arts and Science Calendar
		Lectures and discussions on Japanese literary negotiations with China, the Chinese and Chineseness, ranging from celebration of the same cultural practice, to nativist resistance to China the hegemonic, to aestheticization of China the exotic/erotic.
		An exploration of the problem of modernity and culture in Japan from 1868 to the Cold War, specifically addressing the diverse representations of culture and their relationship to the expansion of a capitalist commodity economy in Japan, using literary, philosophical, artistic and economic texts in translation.
		Modernism is one of the important cultural heritages of the last century that call for critical reflections in light of novel perspectives and new methodologies.
	www.artsandscience.utoronto.ca /ofr/calendar/crs_eas.htm (4227 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		AD265), Modern Standard Chinese contains characteristics of languages with the basic word order Subject-Object-Verb (SOV), such as the ordering of relative clauses and genitives before head nouns, the placement of aspect markers (e.g., le, guo) after verbs, and the presence of operations that change word order from SVO to SOV (e.g.
		But recent scholarship in language acquisition and Chinese corpus analysis point to the contrary, namely, that SOV structures in Mandarin are infrequent, marked forms that are not easily acquired by young children, and that such properties are not unusual in rigid SVO languages such as English and Biblical Hebrew.
		Mandarin as a branch of Northern Chinese In Chinese dialectology, Mandarin or guanhua refers to a branch of Northern Chinese, which includes dialects used throughout most of northern and southwestern China, the majority of which are descended from or have had extensive contact with the guanhua lingua franca.
	userwww.sfsu.edu /~wenchao/writings/mandarin.doc (713 words)

	askastudent response
		EAS 100 - Modern Standard Chinese I is for students with "with no or minimal background in any Chinese dialect" (I don't think this is you)
		EAS 101- Modern Chinese I for Students is is for students "with prior background who can speak and understand elementary Chinese of any dialect because of family backgrounds but have not studied pinyin, nor read and write enough to take a second-year course"
		EAS 200 - Modest Standard Chinese II requires the pre-requisite of EAS100Y1 (maximum grade 67%), EAS101Y1 (maximum grade 63%), or permission of the instructor
	www.utoronto.ca /askastudent/q_a1898.htm (391 words)

	2006 Catalogue of Papers: Chinese
		Chinese consists of language acquisition papers in Modern Standard Chinese (Mandarin) and papers on Chinese history, culture, business communication and society.
		The language acquisition papers are designed primarily for learners of Modern Standard Chinese as a foreign or second language.
		Students for the MA in Chinese must take either a 120 point thesis, a 90 point thesis and 30 points from approved Level 5 papers, or a 60 point dissertation and 60 points in approved Level 5 papers.
	papers.waikato.ac.nz /subjects/CHIN (521 words)

	modern chinese dress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Chinese from the diaspora have played important roles in...
		The ever exploding cyberspace web means modern chinese dress retailers develop more experience in providing services and goods One of the major benefits that have on real-world stores modern chinese dress is the significant savings they have an operating a successful business modern chinese dress
		Knowing that is the wave of the future modern chinese dress will provide very healthy revenue streams The greatest strategic advantage that Internet have over shop front modern chinese dress walk-in stores, is at the operating costs or considerably less.
	www.dress-gown.apple-search.org /modern-chinese-dress.htm (398 words)

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