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	Through History with Standards
		Some standards were an outgrowth of man’s desire to harmonize his activities with important changes in the environment.
		This was an important event as it coincided with the annual inundation of the Nile, a yearly occurrence that enriched the soil used to plant the kingdom’s crops.
		This feat was made possible by the standardization of the railroad gauge, which established the uniform distance between two rails on a track.
	www.ansi.org /consumer_affairs/history_standards.aspx?menuid=5 (763 words)

	All About The Internet: Standards
		These standards-making bodies were virtual sovereign, following slow, deliberate, time-honored processes that remained essentially unchanged for the preceding 130 years since the first multilateral telecom standards conference, and engaged legions of standards professionals whose careers often began and ended in a single committee.
		In a world of heterogeneous, voluntary standards making bodies, no organization has a right to claim its standards are more legitimate or legally binding or even "preeminent" than those produced by any others, including individual corporations that have o btained adoption of their standards in an open marketplace.
		Standards bodies are more often homes for specialized industry or government constituents than they are neutral technological forums.
	www.isoc.org /internet/standards/papers/amr-on-standards.shtml (1980 words)

	ICSP - Query and Search (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Standards developed by voluntary consensus standards bodies are often appropriate for use in achieving federal policy objectives and in conducting federal activities, including procurement and regulation.
		For example, a situation might exist in which a technical standard developed by the private sector could be so widely adopted as to result in the emergence of a de facto regulatory standard, albeit one endorsed by the private sector rather than by the government.
		Several commentators questioned why the Circular included language that standards developed by international voluntary consensus standards bodies "should be considered in procurement and regulatory applications." We recognize that both domestic and international voluntary consensus standards may exist, sometimes in harmony, sometimes in competition.
	standards.gov /icsp/query/index.cfm?do=Home.A119Circular (5655 words)

	AIM - Standards
		There are official standards sanctioned by an accredited standards body and then there are de facto "standards" (such as Microsoft Windows) and ad hoc "standards" (widely used methods or procedures adopted by mutual agreement).
		Data structuring (protocols and/or syntax) standards are considered generic and, while they may be independent of a specific technology, are considered subsets of technical standards.
		National standards bodies may be government-sponsored, as they are in many parts of the world, or independent.
	www.aimglobal.org /standards (1381 words)

	The Standard Shop - International Standards
		It is a non-governmental organization with the mission of "promoting the development of standardization and related activities in the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activity".
		Officially (BSI) a standard is defined as "a document, established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results".
		BSI is the oldest national standards body in the world and a major contributor to internation standards.
	www.standardshop.com /iso.htm (506 words)

	Standards.gov
		A performance standard may be viewed in juxtaposition to a prescriptive standard which may specify design requirements, such as materials to be used, how a requirement is to be achieved, or how an item is to be fabricated or constructed.
		Agencies must consult with voluntary consensus standards bodies, both domestic and international, and must participate with such bodies in the development of voluntary consensus standards when consultation and participation is in the public interest and is compatible with their missions, authorities, priorities, and budget resources.
		Similarly, participation by agency employees (whether or not on behalf of the agency) in the activities of voluntary consensus standards bodies is subject to the laws and regulations that apply to participation by federal employees in the activities of outside organizations.
	standards.gov /Standards_gov/index.cfm?do=documents.A119 (5130 words)

	DRM Standards, Licensing Bodies, and Standards Groups
		There are many organizations with an interest in DRM standards, many of which are not standards bodies in the usual sense, and many of which are primarily interested in other aspects of digital media which impinge on DRM.
		The XRML standard and W3C organization are typical of this class.
		Not surprisingly, the closed, license-driven standards and standards bodies are about security and copy protection, and the open standards and standards bodies are about other things.
	www.info-mech.com /drm_standards.html (1955 words)

	CE: Standards Bodies
		The Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) is a North American standards body working to develop telecommunications standards and operating procedures and guidelines through its sponsored committees and forums.
		The European Telecommunication Standardisation Organization (ETSI) is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to produce the telecommunications standards for Europe and beyond.
		The International Standards Organization (ISO) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies set up to promote the development of standardization and related activities worldwide.
	www.ce-mag.com /links/standards.html (398 words)

	NATIONAL STANDARDS BODIES
		The number of standardization bodies that have accepted the Code of Good Practice for the Preparation, Adoption and Application of Standards presented in Annex 3 to the WTO's TBT Agreement also underlines the global importance of standards that help, not hinder, trade.
		Standards developed by some U.S.-domiciled (headquartered) organizations have gained direct international acceptance in specific sectors and serve as de facto global standards.
		These standards are developed with input from international participants, in some cases on an individual basis, in others on an organizational basis.
	www.nist.gov /oiaa/stnd-org.htm (447 words)

	Standards Activities Overview
		The process to create these voluntary standards is guided by the Institute’s cardinal principles of consensus, due process and openness and depends heavily upon data gathering and compromises among a diverse range of stakeholders.
		The Institute ensures that access to the standards process, including an appeals mechanism, is made available to anyone directly or materially affected by a standard that is under development.
		In addition to facilitating the formation of standards in the U.S., ANSI promotes the use of U. standards internationally, advocates U.S. policy and technical positions in international and regional standards organizations and encourages the adoption of international standards as national standards where these meet the needs of the user community.
	www.ansi.org /standards_activities/overview/overview.aspx?menuid=3 (872 words)

	Microsoft TV: Standards Bodies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The IEC TC-100 is the international standards and conformity assessment body for all fields of electrotechnology.
		The mission of ISO is to promote the development of standardization and related activities throughout the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and to developing cooperation in the spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic activity.
		The goal of the SMPTE is to establish standards pertaining to motion imaging.
	www.microsoft.com /tv/StandardsBodies.mspx (519 words)

	OpenStandards.net - About
		OpenStandards.net is a not-for-profit organization created to connect people to open standards and the bodies that build and foster their growth, integrating the various resources within the IT industry committed to increasing the synergy of international IT collaboration.
		Standards created openly for all to see are more likely to be adopted and benefit the users.
		Those wishing to use an open standard should be able to view the information and documentation necessary to create an implementation, as well as access to any technology and legal rights necessary to use, deploy or distribute their implementation.
	www.openstandards.net /viewOSnet3C.jsp?showModuleName=about (857 words)

	Standards Bodies
		ContentGuard intends to submit XrML to standards bodies that are developing specifications that enable the exchange and trading of content as well as the creation of repositories for storage and management of digital content.
		The final draft of the ISO standard is expected by the summer of 2003.
		Publishing Requirements for Industry Standard Metadata (PRISM) is an extensible XML metadata standard for syndicating, aggregating, post-processing and multi-purposing content from magazines, news, catalogs, and mainstream journals.
	www.xrml.org /standards.asp (538 words)

	Emerging Role of Standards Bodies, SB 4/95
		The standards groups comprise what is essentially a "grassroots" democratic forum, where voluntary standards are developed through an open-door consensus process and achieve their credibility by virtue of the participation of the stakeholders, often with contrasting or even opposing interests.
		Within the standards process, a body of private parties come together to solve technical problems, and then often find themselves drawn into dealing with the broader problems of society that have been created.
		Whatever the reason for their creation, these bodies appear to have many of the necessary attributes to constitute a renewed public sphere in the context of today's technological society.
	standards.ieee.org /reading/ieee/SB/Apr95/cover.html (988 words)

	iTV Standards - standards links
		Its aim was to standardize elements of the home platform that would be key to the success of interactive multimedia applications in the future.
		ETSI (the European Telecommunications Standards Institute) is a not for profit organization whose mission is to produce the telecommunications standards that will be used for decades to come throughout Europe and beyond.
		It is the only cable telecommunications organization accredited by the American National Standards Institution (ANSI) to develop technical standards and provides a neutral forum for professionals to collaborate on standards that lead the way to global compatibility.
	www.itvstandards.org /iTVPublic/standards.aspx (446 words)

	Wired News: Standards Bodies: A Field Guide
		Standards are drawn from JTC1's own voluntary advisors and those developed by non-government standards bodies, including some of those listed below.
		The W3C does not issue standards, but rather "proposed recommendations," which may then be ratified by other standards bodies.
		Membership at the IEEE standards body is volunteer-based and mostly made up of industry professionals.
	www.wired.com /news/technology/0,1282,6196,00.html (702 words)

	RensSearch: Standards, Specifications & Codes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Standards may be voluntary or mandatory depending on the country or the particular field involved.
		A specification becomes a standard when it is accepted by recognized authority as the most practical and appropriate current solution of a recurring problem.
		Standards which are approved as a good, but not necessarily perfect, expression of the intended control and can be reasonably expected to function satisfactorily in avoiding or solving the problem for which it was designed.
	www.lib.rpi.edu /dept/library/html/resources/references/standards.html (1318 words)

	Snell Helmet Safety Standards
		Its first safety standards for protective headgear were issued for auto racing in 1959.
		Subsequently, other specific helmet standards for motorcycling, equestrian sports, bicycling, rollerblading and skateboarding, snowboarding and skiing, and karting have been issued.
		In some countries standards compliance is overseen and controlled by government agencies.
	www.smf.org /stds.html (610 words)

	Standards (and Cross References)
		EPP and ECP (IEEE 1284), Parallel Port Standard.
		IEEE Standards information, - not the actual standards themselves which must be purchased (generally).
		Standard, XML grammar for envelope and encoding rules.
	www.cmpcmm.com /cc/standards.html (1228 words)

	Mission - The Web Standards Project
		These technologies, which we call “web standards,” are carefully designed to deliver the greatest benefits to the greatest number of web users while ensuring the long-term viability of any document published on the Web.
		Though today’s browsers support standards, tens of thousands of professional designers and developers continue to use outdated methods that yoke structure to presentation, in some cases entirely avoiding semantic structures and misusing (X)HTML as a design tool.
		The Web Standards Project is a grassroots coalition fighting for standards which ensure simple, affordable access to web technologies for all.
	webstandards.org /about/mission (1234 words)

	Standards organization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Whereas the term national standards body (NSB) is generally used to refer to the one-per-country standardization organization which is that country’s member to ISO, the term Standards Developing Organization (SDO) generally refers to the thousands of industry or sector based standards organizations which develop and publish industry specific standards.
		Any standards produced by non-governmental entities remain the intellectual property of their developers and are protected, just like any other publications, by copyright laws and international treaties.
		Since traditional, widely respected standards organizations tend to operate at a slower pace than technology evolves, many standards they develop are becoming less relevant because of the inability of their developers to keep abreast with the technological innovation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Standards_body (2934 words)

	Non-Profit Databases - Technical Standards
		Some concerns surrounding the issue of standards include making the distinction between what is a sanctioned standard and what is considered a "best practice." This difference is not always clear - particularly in the non-profit sector where knowledge concerning technology can be as difficult to come by as the personnel and resources to employ it.
		The term industry standard can apply to either an open or proprietary standard, provided it is the standard formally adopted by the professional associations or governing bodies of a particular industry.
		There is any number of national and international standards bodies responsible for establishing and maintaining open data and communication standards.
	ils.unc.edu /~sharpe/db/standards.htm (1005 words)

	Standards Bulletin 1.01
		Our goal is to provide the public interest community with an introduction to the standards world, identify and track emerging issues, and raise familiarity with the often complex process of standards development.
		Along with this Standards Bulletin, we are also pleased to be launching our Standards Project website, at http://www.cdt.org/standards/.
		Internet standards developed by both organizations have historically been publicly available on a royalty-free basis, but with increasing regularity, the work of standards groups has slowed because proposed standards implicate technologies covered by software patents.
	www.cdt.org /standards/bulletin/1.01.shtml (1603 words)

	Data Connection - Standards Bodies
		While providing networking solutions and applications to a broad range of service providers and OEMs, we believe that participating in and leading key standards bodies is a fundamental part of our responsibility.
		TIA is the leading trade association in the communications and information technology industry with proven strengths in market development, trade promotion, trade shows, domestic and international advocacy, standards development and enabling e-business.
		The MPLS, Frame Relay and ATM Association (MFA) is an international, industry-wide association of telecommunications, networking, and other companies focused on advancing the deployment of multi-vendor, multi-service packet-based networks, associated applications, and interworking solutions.
	www.dataconnection.com /company/standards.htm (572 words)

	BIPM - standards bodies
		Institute for Standards, Metrology and Intellectual Property of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BASMP)
		Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Bureau of Standards (SVGBS)
		Standardization Institute of the Republic of Macedonia (ISRM)
	www.bipm.fr /en/practical_info/useful_links/stand.html (309 words)

	Collaboration platforms and processes, for standards bodies
		Other standards bodies are facing these same challenges...
		Standards bodies today are composed of a self-filtered group.
		The Interop participants should discuss a minimal, basic "Code of Ethics" or behaviors, for standards bodies drawing on existing, well-developed Codes at ACM, etc. http://www.acm.org/constitution/code.html and if that doesn't link, ACM: http://www.infoworld.com/articles/ca/xml/99/11/15/991115caethics.xml http://www.aitp.org/about/code_of_ethics.html http://www.icca.org/ethics.asp and other professions and private companies, e.g.
	ledgerism.net /collab.htm (1185 words)

	British Standards - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The standard simply provides a shorthand way of claiming that certain specifications are met, while encouraging manufacturers to adhere to a common method for such a specification.
		BSI British standard headquarter in Chiswick district in London.
		Like with the products of other national standards bodies, the per-page price of these documents is substantially higher than that of mass-market books, which hinders access by students and average consumers with a casual interest in such specifications.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/British_Standards (776 words)

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