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Topic: State (subnational)

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	State (subnational) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The United States is made up of 50 states (as well as the District of Columbia); see U.S. state.
		The Federated States of Micronesia, a federal republic in free association with the United States, is made up of 4 states.
		Venezuela is made up of 23 states (as well as the Capital District and the Federal Dependencies); see Subdivisions of Venezuela.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/State_(national) (452 words)

	Encyclopedia: State (subnational)
		The twenty-six cantons of Switzerland are the states of the federal state of Switzerland.
		States Subnational entity is a generic term for an administrative region within a country â€” on an arbitrary level below that of the sovereign state â€” typically with a local government encompassing multiple municipalities, counties, or provinces with a certain degree of autonomy in a varying number of matters.
		In a broad definition, a republic is a state whose political organization rests on the principle that the citizens or electorate constitute the ultimate root of legitimacy and sovereignty.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/State-(subnational) (2326 words)

	SD : Institutions: State reforms and the decentralization of the agricultural and rural public sector: Lessons from the ...
		The state's capacity to reform was dependent upon the construction of new forms of exercising public authority.
		State reforms were a gradual process which started in 1986 with the political election of the mayors.
		The mechanisms to achieve consensus and to deepen the restructuring of state apparatuses were successfully blocked both by the labour unions of civil servants and by the unwillingness of most of the private sector to accept the reforms.
	www.fao.org /SD/2001/IN0502a2_en.htm (6100 words)

	Breakaway States: Subnational/Transnational Activities and the Compacts Clause of the United States Constitution
		States, with a vested interest in strengthening their own economy, have increasingly sought to ease trade and cultural barriers with foreign powers by reaching across political borders and entering into arrangements with foreign entities.
		States have consistently endeavored to interact and confer with foreign entities through means not violative of the compacts clause.
		The State of Washington and the province of British Columbia are parties to an Environmental Cooperation Agreement signed by the Governor of that state and the Premiere of the Province of British Columbia.
	www.maliner.com /bio/states.htm (1143 words)

	National, State, and Provincial Conservation Status Rank Definitions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Assigning national and subnational conservation status ranks for species and ecological communities follows the same general principles as used in assigning global status ranks.
		A subnational rank, however, cannot imply that the species or community is more secure at the state/province level than it is nationally or globally (i.e., a rank of G1S3 cannot occur), and similarly, a national rank cannot exceed the global rank.
		Subnational ranks are assigned and maintained by state or provincial natural heritage programs and conservation data centers.
	www.natureserve.org /explorer/nsranks.htm (686 words)

	Research Projects
		Although the states and municipalities assumed greater responsibilities over an array of social and economic policies, the patrimonial politics of the Brazilian governors and their tendency to reward political supporters through public expenditures threatened to create severe problems for the central state's attempts to rein in public spending and address macroeconomic instability.
		In 1990, state governments were prohibited from rolling over their debt to the Banco do Brasil, a restriction that effectively scared away investors from state debt paper and placed tremendous pressures on the governors to either support federal tax reform efforts and state bank restructuring or face bankruptcy (Lagemann 1995, 336).
		Subnational efforts during the 1990's to improve public accounts and end the Hobbesian dangers of the fiscal war were critical to the success of federal attempts to reequilibrate intergovernmental authorities and remove the worst problems created by decentralization in the 1980's.
	www.acad.carleton.edu /curricular/POSC/faculty/montero/kingpow.htm (10633 words)

	[No title]
		Subnational authoritarianism must be understood not as a local issue but as an outcome of broader dynamics of national territorial governance in democratic regimes.
		Subnational authoritarianism was also a massive fact of U.S. political life until the unraveling of single-party state regimes in the south in the middle years of the 20th century.
		National Democratization and Subnational Authoritarianism: a symbiotic relationship One of the massive yet largely unremarked facts of the “Third Wave” transitions to democracy was that with national democratization often came the consolidation of subnational authoritarianism.
	www.ssc.upenn.edu /polisci/programs/comparative/gibsonpaper.doc (17523 words)

	Thinking globally, acting locally: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This summary looks at what public and private subnational actors can do to promote employee ownership through (1) state legislation, (2) technical assistance, (3) local actions, (4) investment funds, (5) company networks, and (6) using the economic power of employee-owned firms within their communities.
		Private sector consultants outnumber public and non-profit staff specializing in employee ownership in the United States by perhaps 50:1, and are largely responsible for the rapid growth of the ESOP sector.
		Certainly the most striking conclusion of the COG subnational group discussion is that there is an astonishing amount to broaden ownership that can be done by each of us today where we live and work.
	www.capitalownership.net /PapersMay2001/SubNationalSummary.htm (3281 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Subnational entity
		Subnational entity is a generic term for an administrative region within a country — on an arbitrary level below that of the sovereign state — typically with a local government encompassing multiple municipalities, counties, or provinces with a certain degree of autonomy in a varying number of matters.
		Confusingly, in countries that are not nation states, this may well mean that some or all "subnational" entities in reality are also national entities.
		Subnational entities are conceptually separate from dependent areas so that the former are included in the core or mainland of the respective state.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Subnational_entity (266 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Most importantly [sic.], however, is the finding that the relationship between state age and economic growth is unstable and highly time-dependent, with the inferences drawn from cross-sectional tests of Olson's thesis shown to be a function of the years utilized in one's analysis.
		Sharkansky (1967), in his analysis of state government expenditures, properly noted that "it is apparent that changes in expenditures respond to a large number of stimuli that vary in their composition from state to state" (p.
		This state is barely stable and...the occurrence of such critical states in nonequilibrium systems is spontaneous; it does not require, as in equilibrium systems, the tuning of experimentally adjustable parameters to particular values or critical points.
	www.virtualschool.edu /mon/Economics/EvolutionPublicPolicyThesis (18725 words)

	Read about State (sub-national) at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research State (sub-national) and learn about State ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		American English influence, words such as Länder are translated as states when a more precise translation would be provinces.
		government in exile resident on a geographic area which it is holding under military occupation to be a subnational (subsovereign) entity.
		The Republic of China on Taiwan is the most prominent example in the world today, and has been refused admittance to the United Nations twelve times in a row as of the Fall of 2004.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/State_(sub-national) (156 words)

	Untitled
		The Center for State Constitutional Studies, in partnership with the Van Themaat Center of the University of South Africa, announces a conference on comparative sub-national constitutionalism.
		The Center for State Constitutional Studies was formed in 1995 to promote research, scholarly exchange, and public education on American state constitutions and on subnational constitutions in other countries.
		Subnational Constitution Chronicle details recent activities of the Center and its members, as well as developments involving state and subnational constitutionalism.
	www-camlaw.rutgers.edu /statecon/fall1998.html (1456 words)

	Rutgers-Camden International Association of Subnational Constitutional Law
		A conference on "Subnational Constitutions and Federalism: Design and Reform" was held on March 22-27, 2004, at the Rockefeller Foundation's conference site in Bellagio, Italy.
		Attending the conference were authors who participated in the Center's "State Constitutions for the Twenty-first Century" project, together with representatives from ten other federal democracies.
		The Center for State Constitutional Studies at Rutgers University – Camden will serve as the initial home of the group, and its activities will be publicized in the Center’s Subnational Constitution Chronicle, which is published twice a year and is distributed to more than 400 scholars and public officials worldwide.
	camden-www.rutgers.edu /dept-pages/iascl/constitutions.html (326 words)

	Glossary - S (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Imperiled—Imperiled in the state or province because of rarity due to very restricted range, very few populations (often 20 or fewer), steep declines, or other factors making it very vulnerable to extirpation from the state or province.
		Secure—Common, widespread, and abundant in the state or province.
		Subnational Status: The conservation status of a species or community from a state or province perspective, characterizing the relative rarity or imperilment of the element.
	www.natureserve.org /explorer/glossary/gloss_s.htm (1922 words)

	Welch, et. al., Chap. 3
		The federal government's role in shaping how specific state and local programs are run shows that:
		States to support more of their own programs financially
		State governments are growing __________________ the federal government.
	homepage.smc.edu /quizzes/0006/welch03.html (501 words)

	List of capitals of subnational entities : State capital
		List of capitals of subnational entities covers currently the following states: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines (start), Poland, Russia (incomplete), Somalia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Ukraine (partial), United Kingdom, United States.
		See also: List of national capitals, national capitals by country, list of subnational entities, list of cities
		I have noted the struggle between abolitionist and spectator, which could never have occurred to me as a participator.
	www.freearchive.info /st/state-capital.html (378 words)

	Find in a Library: Subnational politics : readings in state and local government
		Subnational politics : readings in state and local government
		To find this item in a library, enter a postal code, state, province, or country in the field above.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/08af4152dd0256f2.html (57 words)

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