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Topic: State of Siege

	State of emergency - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In some countries, the state of emergency and its effects on civil liberties and governmental procedure are regulated by the constitution or a law that limits the powers that may be invoked during an emergency or rights suspended.
		In the postwar Federal Republic of Germany, the emergency legislature (passed in 1968 despite fierce opposition by the German student movement) states that the basic constitutional rights of the Grundgesetz may be limited in case of a state of defence, a state of tension, or an internal state of emergency or disaster.
		In 1975 Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi declared a state of internal emergency (the Indian Emergency) after she was indicted in a corruption scandal and was ordered to vacate her seat in the Indian Parliament, allowing herself to rule by decree till 1977.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/State_of_siege (1992 words)

	Siege -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that refuses to surrender and cannot be easily taken by a (additional info and facts about frontal assault) frontal assault.
		Sieges usually involve surrounding the target and blocking the provision of supplies, typically coupled with, (Large but transportable armament) artillery bombardment or (additional info and facts about sapping) sapping (also known as mining) to reduce (Defensive structure consisting of walls or mounds built around a stronghold to strengthen it) fortifications.
		Despite the overwhelming might of the modern state, siege tactics continue to be employed in (The force of policemen and officers) police conflicts.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/si/siege.htm (4429 words)

	State of emergency
		A state of emergency is a governmental declaration that may suspend certain normal functions of government or may work to alert citizens to alter their normal behaviors or to order government agencies to implement their emergency preparedness plans.
		In some countries, the state of emergency and its effects on civil liberties are regulated by the constitution or a law that limits the powers that may be invoked during an emergency or rights suspended.
		In the United States a federal declaration of a state of emergency allows the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to excercise its power to deal with emergency situations; federal funds also become available to areas that are declared to be in a state of emergency.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/st/state_of_emergency_1.html (468 words)

	State of emergency Article, Stateemergency Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A state of emergency is a governmental declaration that may suspend certain normal functions of government ormay work to alert citizens to alter their normal behaviors or to order government agencies to implement their emergencypreparedness plans.
		In some countries, the state of emergency and its effects on civil liberties are regulated by the constitution or a law that limits the powers that may be invokedduring an emergency or rights suspended.
		In the United States a federal declaration of a state of emergencyallows the Federal EmergencyManagement Agency (FEMA) to excercise its power to deal with emergency situations; federal funds also become available toareas that are declared to be in a state of emergency.
	www.anoca.org /response/estado/state_of_emergency.html (448 words)

	A State Under Siege
		He also charged the state police command and the state security services to work together and ensure that the assassins were promptly arrested and brought to book.
		He said it was imperative that the state government probed the killing, saying that if the accountant of SPEB could be murdered it meant that nobody in the state was safe.
		He said the state government sympathised with the people of the area over the loss of their son, promising that the education of Agboola's children would not suffer.
	www.newswatchngr.com /editorial/allaccess/nigeria/11129133850.htm (912 words)

	Chapter 3: The 1970s
		In the countryside, the siege transferred authority from elected officials to the military commissioners.
		Under the state of siege, the level of political violence rose to levels comparable to the 1966 to 1968 period.
		State forces also took notice: in 1978 three student labor organizers from Huehuetenango who worked with the strikers were killed or disappeared (Amnesty International 1979: 8; Levenson-Estrada 1994: 127-29; CIIDH and GAM 1999).
	shr.aaas.org /guatemala/ciidh/qr/english/chap3.html (1747 words)

	A Brief History of the State of Exception by Giorgio Agamben
		The law of August 9, 1849 (which was partially restricted later by the law of April 4, 1878), consequently established that a political state of siege could be declared by parliament (or, additionally, by the head of state) in the case of imminent danger to external or internal security.
		The declaration of a state of siege on the occasion of the earthquake of Messina and Reggio Calabria on December 28, 1908 is only apparently a different situation.
		Because the sovereign power of the president is essentially grounded in the emergency linked to a state of war, over the course of the twentieth century the metaphor of war becomes an integral part of the presidential political vocabulary whenever decisions considered to be of vital importance are being imposed.
	www.press.uchicago.edu /Misc/Chicago/009254.html (3206 words)

	Bolivia
		Under a state of siege, the President has the authority to forbid demonstrations that threaten the public order and detain persons who are suspected of plotting against the public order (see Section 1.d.).
		During the April state of siege (see Section 1.a.), there were allegations that the military took residents of Achacachi into custody in the middle of the night and beat them in an attempt to learn the names of those responsible for the death of an army captain.
		The Ombudsman's office noted that this state of siege was the first in which habeas corpus was used as a legal tactic to attempt to force the Government to release detainees.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2000/wha/index.cfm?docid=715 (9821 words)

	Bolivia: The state of siege is no excuse for human rights violations
		The state of siege should not be used as a justification for arresting people for their legitimate trade union and social activities, Amnesty International said today in light of the detentions which have taken place in Bolivia both before and since a state of siege was declared on 8 April.
		Immediately before and after the state of siege was declared, at least 22 trade unionists were detained and sent to remote parts of the country.
		Under the Bolivian Constitution, a state of siege is an emergency measure which can be taken by the executive to maintain public order in "cases of serious danger resulting from an internal civil disturbance".
	www.amnestyusa.org /countries/bolivia/document.do?id=41442D2E91691775802568C50051AFFE (678 words)

	State Of Siege - Yves Montand, Renato Salvatori, Costa Gavras - 1973
		State of Siege generates a great deal of tension and suspense, even though we know the outcome.
		State of Siege is a film of historical importance that deserves your attention.
		In May, 2002 the channel of French cable TV5 exhibited "State of Siege" four times, which has allowed a deeper critical review and to recognize a series of places of the Chile of 30 years ago, which already do not exist or which are now deeply modified.
	www.learmedia.ca /product_info.php/products_id/879 (743 words)

	Bulletin - State of siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The state Labor governments may not be “rotting” or “hated”, any more than Howard’s administration is, but a number of them have now been in power long enough to have developed quite a bit of baggage.
		But directing blame at the states to distract attention from the federal government’s own failings and responsibilities is child’s play to the man someone has dubbed “the doyen of distraction”.
		The state and territory leaders signed a letter to the PM setting out the case for increased hospital funding and demanding that the issue be put on the agenda for the forthcoming Council of Australian Governments meeting.
	bulletin.ninemsn.com.au /bulletin/EdDesk.nsf/All/6CB2C26D3ECA093FCA256D86000A0EE0 (891 words)

	State of Siege (washingtonpost.com)
		But Putin's strategy for building such a state focused primarily on eliminating checks and balances on presidential power, and not on strengthening the effectiveness of state institutions.
		One response would be to kindle new political forces outside the state, followed by pluralistic reforms inside the state.
		Some of Putin's candid remarks about the weakness of the Russian state suggest that he is not satisfied with his past strategy of state building.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A13791-2004Sep11.html (1562 words)

	State of Siege In Argentina : LA IMC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A State of siege is declared by the government as Argentina explodes
		state of siege, thereby suspending all constitutional rights, including the right to assemble.
		Unless otherwise stated by the author, all content is free for non-commercial reuse, reprint, and rebroadcast, on the net and elsewhere.
	la.indymedia.org /print.php?id=13724 (190 words)

	Pinochet's New State of Siege
		An earlier state of siege, imposed after an outbreak of street demonstrations in late 1984, lasted for six months.
		But the Vatican has let it be known that a state of siege would not be an appropriate atmosphere for a papal visit.
		The State Department condemned the attack on Pinochet and hoped the "terrorists will be found and prosecuted in accordance with Chilean law." At the same time, the Administration expressed its concern at the new state of siege, asserting that "such extreme measures hinder the development of the process of dialogue and consensus building."
	www.latinamericanstudies.org /chile/siege.htm (1220 words)

	americas.org - Banzer Lifts State of Siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		On April 20, Bolivian president Hugo Banzer Suárez announced the lifting of the state of siege which he had declared amid a wave of grassroots protests on April 7 (not April 8 as reported in Updates #532 and 533].
		The government had been under pressure from the Catholic Church to lift the state of siege before the Easter week religious holidays; the announcement was made at a cabinet meeting, just hours before Banzer was to attend a special holiday mass.
		The university students, who were demanding more funding for education and an end to the state of siege, called a truce on April 19, lifting a hunger strike and suspending their protests—partly because of Easter and partly because authorities had promised that the state of siege was about to be lifted.
	www.americas.org /item_5898 (468 words)

	A State Under Siege
		From Washington to New Mexico, federal, state, and local fisheries officials are scrambling to prevent these biological pollutants—already rampant in much of the South, East, and Midwest—from reaching or further infesting western waters.
		The biggest threats to Montana are the zebra mussel, now causing millions of dollars of damage each year in other states; the New Zealand mudsnail, which blankets riverbeds and threatens trout fisheries; and Eurasian watermilfoil, which covers shallow bays and lakes with thick vegetation mats, rendering them unfit for swimming and boating.
		FWP, Montana State University, and other state organizations are also now assessing the presence of aquatic nuisance species in Montana, identifying potential pathways and high-risk waters, conducting surveys, and increasing research.
	fwp.state.mt.us /mtoutdoors/HTML/Articles/2003/ANS.htm (2563 words)

	CNN.com - Argentina teeters on possible economic collapse - December 21, 2001
		De la Rua late Wednesday declared a state of siege that suspends constitutional rights for 30 days and gives the government wide-ranging power to stop riots and other violence.
		State Department spokeswoman Brenda Greenberg said the United States has "many shared interests and values" with Argentina and looks forward "to an equally close and cooperative relationship with the successor of President De la Rua."
		Greenberg also said the United States has confidence in the strength of Argentine institutions, and encouraged the people of Argentina to pull together to find a solution to the current crisis.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/americas/12/20/argentina (939 words)

	State of Siege - Juan Goytisolo
		State of Siege is Goytisolo's Sarajevo-novel, written in 1995 -- a good companion piece to the essay-collection, Landscapes of War (see our review).
		Appearing in English only in 2002, readers may already have forgotten what happened in what was formerly known as Yugoslavia (and specifically in Sarajevo) in the 1990s.
		State of Siege tries to expand on what fiction can do, yet always remains a very readable work.
	www.complete-review.com /reviews/goytisj/sofsiege.htm (760 words)

	Patroush- Seige of State
		The problem is that Congress no longer trusts the State Department to administer visas honestly, much less in America's best interests.
		But that apparently hasn't stopped our State Department from granting a visa to the family of Miss Radwan's uncle, whose brother refuses to grant her permission to leave.
		The real spirit of State was revealed in an e-mail circulated by Chuck Keil, a State careerist and acting ambassador to Italy, that was leaked earlier this week.
	www.patroush.com /children/articles_seige_state.htm (525 words)

	A STATE OF SIEGE
		Even as Rabuka drew a blank in his stated efforts to persuade Speight to release the hostages, mobs took to the streets, attacking and torching shops and other properties owned by ethnic Indians, who are reckoned to be much more prosperous than the indigenous Fijians.
		But this presumptive "offer" did not sway Speight, who perhaps sensed that there was much more political leverage to be gained from holding onto the remaining hostages even as he tried to position himself at the centre of the native-Fijian power structure.
		It was at this stage that Mara, who was still President on May 21, defended the state of emergency that he had proclaimed on May 19.
	www.thehindu.com /fline/fl1712/17120040.htm (2852 words)

	From Neocolony to State of Siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		In US history, this is known as the Spanish-American War; the United States emerged with four new ports--the Philippines and Guam in the Pacific and Puerto Rico and Cuba in the Atlantic.
		Besides, the United States does not have a record of supporting elections won by someone not stamped with approval in Washington (note Guatemala in 1954 and Chile in 1973).
		A June 24, 1959, State Department memo stated that if Cuba were deprived of its sugar quota privilege in the US sugar market, "the sugar industry would promptly suffer an abrupt decline, causing widespread further unemployment.
	www.resistinc.org /newsletter/issues/2001/07/franklin.html (1964 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: State of Siege (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		State of Seige was written in 1956 and takes place in a newly independent Southeast Asian nation.
		State of Seige is a straight forward story and lacks the usual Ambler twists and turns.
		State of Siege is not one of Ambler's best book, but it is quite good nevertheless.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0881847178 (735 words)

	A state of siege
		In the face of the failure of the state and the industrial apparatus to provide basic housing to the labour, slums and other vulnerable, high-density, low-income settlements, the urban villages and even the fact ory sheds often provide cheap, overcrowded housing for the labour employed by both the formal and informal sectors.
		Planning being a State subject in India, the 74th Amendment, delineates responsibility for the State an d the elected municipalities.
		The State government controls the industrial sector, while the two elected municipalities, the New Delhi Municipal Corporation (NDMC) and the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD), along with the DDA implement the Master Plan.
	www.flonnet.com /fl1725/17251160.htm (2305 words)

	State of Siege
		Set during the siege of Sarajevo, these fictionalized reflections bear witness to the universal cry for freedom.
		A mortar explodes in his room and, when the police arrive, the corpse has disapeared and only a notebook of apocryphal writings and poems is found.
		These enigmas lead into a labyrinth, where blind and barbarous forces lay siege to individual lives and diverse cultures.
	www.citylights.com /pub/catalog/BCstate_siege.html (570 words)

	CNN.com - Argentina in state of siege after deadly riots - December 20, 2001
		Argentina in state of siege after deadly riots
		BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (CNN) -- Violence raged through the night and into Thursday morning following a government-declared state of siege after at least two people died in escalating violence by rioters angry at the country's economic crisis and the failure of a government austerity plan to keep the economy afloat.
		The state of siege -- in effect for 30 days -- suspends constitutional rights and gives the government wide-ranging power to quell the violence.
	archives.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/americas/12/19/argentina.riots (482 words)

	Leonard Peltier Case \| State of Siege \| "Blood of the Land" by Rex Weyler (Chapter 6)
		The BIA had increased funds for "law enforcement" on reservations such as the Mohawk and Seneca in New York State, and on Pine Ridge where traditional opposition to the BIA tribal governments was strongest.
		Oklahoma became a state the following year, and covered wagons raced from the state line, each given a fair chance to claim a piece of former Indian land.
		In 1909 coal was discovered on Black Mesa, and during the next twenty years the U.S. Geological Survey carefully mapped out the area; their efforts would eventually lead to the discovery of uranium, and would mark the Hopi mesas for multi-billion-dollar energy development projects.
	www.freepeltier.org /state_of_siege.htm (2800 words)

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