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	Stateful firewall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computing, a stateful firewall (any firewall that performs stateful packet inspection or stateful inspection) is a firewall that keeps track of the state of network connections (such as TCP streams) traveling across it.
		Firewalls inspect each packet and decide whether it should be allowed to pass the firewall and continue travelling towards its destination, or be discarded.
		The administrator of the firewall might want to allow packets to pass the firewall according to the context of the connection, and not just the packet header characteristics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stateful_firewall (914 words)

	Firewall - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the traditional meaning, a firewall is a windowless, fireproof wall (or wall of substantially heavier construction than other walls in the building) built to prevent fire from spreading beyond one section of a building.
		Network layer firewalls operate at a (relatively low) level of the TCP/IP protocol stack as IP-packet filters, not allowing packets to pass the firewall unless they meet the rules defined by the firewall administrator or applied by default (as in some inflexible firewall systems).
		Firewalls often have network address translation functionality, and the hosts protected behind a firewall commonly use so-called "private address space", as defined in RFC 1918.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /f/fi/firewall.html (638 words)

	Stateless firewall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computing, a stateless firewall is a firewall that treats each network frame (or packet) in isolation.
		Before the advent of stateful firewalls, this behavior was normal.
		Since the firewall has no way of knowing that the packet destined to the protected network, to some host's port 4970, is part of a legitimate FTP session, it will drop the packet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stateless_firewall (276 words)

	Stateless firewall - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Such a firewall has no way of knowing if any given packet is part of an existing connection, is trying to establish a new connection, or is just a rogue packet.
		Modern firewalls are connection-aware (or state-aware), affording network administrators finer-grained control of network traffic.
		Stateful firewalls solve this problem, by maintaining a table of open connections and intelligently associating new connection requests with existing, legitimate connections.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Stateless_firewall (295 words)

	Encyclopedia: Stateless firewall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In computing, a firewall is a piece of hardware and/or software which functions in a networked environment to prevent some communications forbidden by the security policy, analogous to the function of firewalls in building construction.
		In the traditional meaning, a firewall is simply a windowless, non-flammable wall (or a wall of substantially heavier construction than other walls in the building) built to prevent fire from spreading beyond one section of a building.
		Firewalls (in the sense of computer networking devices) come in several categories and sub-categories.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Stateless-firewall (722 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stateless firewalls intend to watch over the network traffic and block packets based on the source and destination address.
		The problem that arises with stateless firewalls is that a packet can be manipulated in a way that it is pretending to be something it is not.
		The firewall is aware of the communication traffic from end to end and the paths that are used for transmission through a table.
	home.earthlink.net /~staceybilodeau/TCM415/ResearchFirewall.doc (1600 words)

	Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		You've heard the familiar arguments: commercial firewall products are overpriced; proprietary firewall code leaves you at the mercy of a vendor's timetable in the event of a security hole; the cost of underlying hardware/software platform for Windows is high and puts you on an escalating upgrade path.
		Stateless transactions refer to a situation in which a server responding to a request need not know about previous requests in order to respond.
		The firewall examines packets inbound and outbound on those ports, and applies a set of rules (again, part of firewall configuration set by the sys admin) to determine whether an individual packet should be allowed.
	www.linux.com /print.pl?sid=04/10/11/2030249 (2002 words)

	Chipset: nForce2 400GB Review :: Features :: Motherboards.org
		Stateless Firewall is the most basic type and only allows the packets which match a permissible type through.
		The Stateful Firewall type is a variant of the Stateless Firewall.
		However the disadvantage of this type of Firewall is that if a protocol is not supported, the proxy may not be available.
	www.motherboards.org /reviews/hardware/1398_2.html (808 words)

	Firewall (networking) \| TutorGig.co.uk Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		There's also the notion of application firewalls which are sometimes used during wide area network (WAN) networking on the world-wide web and govern the system software.
		Network layer firewalls operate at a (relatively low) level of the TCP/IP protocol stack as IP-packet filters, not allowing packets to pass through the firewall unless they match the rules.
		Application-layer firewalls work on the application level of the TCP/IP stack (i.e., all browser traffic, or all telnet or ftp traffic), and may intercept all packets traveling to or from an application.
	www.tutorgig.co.uk /ed/Firewall_(networking) (1204 words)

	CommsDesign - Taking a Stateful Approach to Firewall Design
		Stateless classification of network traffic, on the other hand, is based on pattern-matching and four-tuple look-up.
		Stateless classifiers, often called packet classifiers, parse individual packets without any context preservation to a flow (related stream of packets in a protocol connection).
		Stateless classification is connection based, thus requiring the classification engine to run a four-tuple look-up for source/destination IP addresses and TCP port numbers.
	www.commsdesign.com /design_corner/OEG20020404S0030 (2335 words)

	Evolution of the Firewall Industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Usually, IP traffic forwarding is disabled on the firewall to ensure that all traffic between the internal network and external networks passes through the firewall server, thereby allowing the firewall to inspect all network packets that traverse the network boundary.
		Because this type of firewall does not inspect the network packet's application layer data and does not track the state of connections, this solution is the least secure of the firewall technologies.
		A circuit level firewall is a second-generation firewall technology that validates the fact that a packet is either a connection request or a data packet belonging to a connection, or virtual circuit, between two peer transport layers.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/product/iaabu/centri4/user/scf4ch3.htm (6515 words)

	Alex X. Liu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In this model, each stateful firewall has a variable set called the state of the firewall, which is used to store some packets that the firewall has accepted previously and needs to remember in the near future.
		In the first step, the firewall augments the packet with an additional field called the tag, and uses the stateful section to compute the value of this field according to the current state of the firewall.
		In the second step, the firewall compares the packet together with its tag value against a sequence of rules in the stateless section to identify the first rule that the packet matches: the decision of this rule determines the fate of the packet.
	www.cs.utexas.edu /users/alex/publications/Stateful/stateful_abs.html (284 words)

	Firewall Information Page - how-to-disable-windows-98-firewall
		In computing, a firewall is a piece of hardware and/or software which norton firewall 2005 key functions in a networked environment to prevent some communications forbidden by the security policy, analogous to the function of firewalls in building construction.
		The ultimate goal is to 1965-1966 ford mustang firewall panel provide controlled connectivity between zones of differing trust levels mcafee personal firewall plus 5.0 through the enforcement of a security policy and connectivity model based on the least privilege principle.
		A tiny personal firewall free more permissive norton definition of a firewall personal firewall 10288887 setup could allow any packet to pass the filter as long as it does not match one or more "negative-rules", or "deny rules".
	www.infotechloco.com /Firewall.htm (1203 words)

	Firewall Setup - SBLUG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In a Stateless firewall the packets passing in and out of the firewall have no relationship.
		The firewall does not know that the incoming packets from port 80 (http response) are related to the outgoing packet that was sent to port 80 (http request).
		In a stateless firewall you have to specifically allow the outgoing and incoming port ranges for each service you are allowing through.
	wiki.sblug.org /Firewall_Setup (1759 words)

	Linux.com \| A Linux firewall primer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Shorewall is an excellent example of Linux firewall configuration utility, but I don't think a serious mention of shorewall would be complete without a look at one "meta-Shorewall" application.
		While shorewall is a utility to ease the configuration of the Linux firewalling capabilities, it does require editing configuration files and a learning curve.
		This learning curve can be reduced by using a shorewall configuration utility (a utility to configure a configuration utility???) such as the excellent webmin shorewall module [webmin.com], which is a standard module for webmin [webmin.com].
	security.linux.com /security/04/10/11/2030249.shtml?tid=100&tid=35 (2594 words)

	Suma Soft Pvt.Ltd. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stateful firewalls represent a major technological jump in the intelligence of a firewall.
		Normal "stateless" packet filters, like the ones present on most routers, inspect each packet individually, with no memory or understanding of its place in a connection.
		A stateless firewall/router can only distinguish a packet that's part of an existing connection from one that's part of a new connection by reading the packet's SYN flag.
	www.sumasoft.com /linux/linux_5.html (353 words)

	ASTA and Firewalls
		After ASTA 2.6 was released, an AstaStatelessUserList was implemented that allows stateless http clients to have access to a server side UserList that implements Cookies and the concept of expiration.
		The next solution is to run your ASTA server on port 80 or port 8080, as firewalls must have port 80 open if clients are allowed to use browsers to access the Internet and remote HTTP servers.
		This is of course another stateless solution since the client is using real HTTP and communicating through IIS just like a normal browser.
	www.astatech.com /AstaVision/AstaFireWalls.htm (1308 words)

	Definition of zone alarm personal firewall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Firewalls have to be fitted so that they form a complete s...
		Such a firewall has no way of knowing if any given packet is part...
		Stateless firewalls somewhat resemble a [[router]] in their ability...
	www.wordiq.com /search/zone+alarm+personal+firewall.html (946 words)

	Iptables - An Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Many breaches of commercial firewall products that I've looked over, were not due to some new form of attack and did not use any novel holes in the system, rather the vendor simply forgot (or worse, wasn't aware of) a well documented existing security hole.
		A stateful firewall provides more control over which packets are allowed through and which aren't than a stateless firewall.
		A stateless firewall (such as ipchains) is an all or nothing deal.
	www.spotswood-computer.net /present/iptables2.html (8276 words)

	Corporate Access: Using ASTA through a Firewall
		Firewalls are a fact of life at many companies.
		ASTA clients can connect seamlessly through a firewall if the administrator agrees to open up the port that the ASTA server is running on.
		Running ASTA clients stateless doesn't allow you to use such features as Server broadcasts or client-to-client messaging along with provider broadcasts.
	www.astatech.com /support/white/firewalls.asp (1248 words)

	ActiveArmor Firewall
		The NVIDIA Firewall is a native hardware-optimized solution and an integrated component of NVIDIA nForce MCPs with NVIDIA Gigabit Ethernet.
		In a corporate setting, an end-point firewall (such as a desktop firewall) with antihacking capabilities can reduce the internally originated security breaches, and can inhibit desktops from generating unauthorized traffic.
		NVIDIA Firewall technology may be used as a powerful baseline policy enforcer.
	www.nvidia.com /object/security.html (381 words)

	iptables description
		A stateful firewall, by comparison, detects that the packet is not part of an ongoing session and can be configured to prevent entry to the packet.
		This is intended to make the firewall easier to follow and to minimize the number of rules each individual packet must traverse.
		The advantage of using this script for the ongoing operation of the firewall is it gives you greater control over the modules and rulesets used.
	easyfwgen.morizot.net /gen/iptables-info.html (965 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Well, on a stateless "default deny" firewall, where you have to explicitly list every type of packet that you want to be allowed through the firewall, it's tough to characterize this connection.
		The firewall is smart enough to monitor the port negotiation, memorizing what port the data connection will connect to on the client.
		Since these packets walk through stateless firewalls unimpeded and computer operating systems often respond to these packets with errors, these are a great way to "discover" hosts behind a firewall and learn more about them, often without being detected.
	www.bastille-linux.org /jay/introducing-netfilter.html (2709 words)

	Linux @home - Firewall
		A packet filtering firewall looks at each packet individually, it does not (can not) consider any previous packets which may be part of a multiple packet transaction.
		A commercial, stateful firewall with an usable, free, limited edition is the Gnatbox.
		A proxy server does essentially the same thing as a stateful firewall for the protocol it is designed for, but the design motivation for a proxy server may not be security.
	logi.cc /linux/athome-firewall.php3 (550 words)

	Stateless firewall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Such afirewall has no way of knowing if any given packet is part of an existing connection, is trying to establish a new connection, oris just a rogue packet.
		Before the advent of stateful firewalls, this behavior wasnormal.
		Modern firewalls are connection-aware (or state-aware), affording network administrators finer-grained control of networktraffic.
	www.therfcc.org /stateless-firewall-134000.html (238 words)

	FreeBSD's IPFIREWALL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Sometimes stateless rules are the best way of doing certain tasks; dropping stateless support in some firewalls is silly.
		Remote administration of firewall rules, while never a great idea, is sometimes neccessary.
		Stateless rules are difficult to administer with FreeBSD, since flushing the firewall rules will lock you out of the machine you are remote administering unless you recompiled the kernel to accept all IP packets by default (the default behavior is to drop them).
	www.lizella.net /firewalls (350 words)

	SecurityFocus
		If the IPS is behind a stateful firewall, then not much differences.
		Both the stateful and stateless are happened at the detection process,
		Stateless detection might contain higher rate of false alarm.
	www.securityfocus.com /archive/96/381863/2005-05-29/2 (219 words)

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