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Topic: Static equilibrium (economics)

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punctuated equilibrium

general equilibrium

chemical equilibrium

equilibrium constant

Thermodynamic equilibrium

thermal equilibrium

non equilibrium thermodynamics

hydrostatic equilibrium

Equilibrium 2002 movie

dynamic equilibrium

equilibrium mode distribution

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	Statics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Statics is the branch of physics concerned with physical systems in static equilibrium, that is, in a state where the relative positions of subsystems do not vary over time, or where components and structures are at rest under the action of external forces of equilibrium.
		When in static equilibrium, the system is either at rest, or moving at constant velocity through its center of mass.
		Statics is thoroughly used in the analysis of structures, for instance in architectural and structural engineering.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Statics (396 words)

	Equilibrium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Punctuated equilibrium, a part of evolutionary theory that states that speciation occurs relatively quickly with long periods of little change in between.
		Economic equilibrium, a balance of supply and demand
		Static equilibrium (economics), an intersection of supply and demand
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Equilibrium (259 words)

	Equilibrium
		Chemical equilibrium, the state in which a chemical reaction proceeds at the same rate as its reverse reaction, resulting in no net change in the amount of each compound.
		Mechanical equilibrium, also known as static equilibrium, the state of a body at rest or in uniform motion in which the sum of all forces acting on the body equals zero.
		Reflective equilibrium in ethics, a state in which the consequences of one's general principles are consistent with one's opinions about individual cases.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Balanced.html (328 words)

	The Idea of the Entrepreneur Role as DistinctlyHuman Action: A History of Progress
		Economics is the study of individuals who have the distinct ability to choose and to act in ways that are not inferior to those of the people who study them.
		To Clark, static equilibrium was an image of individuals behaving as robots according to the algorithms specified by the economist.
		The significance of the static equilibrium is that it omits intersubjective uncertainty.
	www.gunning.cafeprogressive.com /subjecti/workpape/role_ent.htm (11466 words)

	The hypostatisation of equilibrium in neoclassical economics
		Both cases may be modelled as equilibrium systems, with average levels of key variables of the system determined by their equilibrium values, the difference being only that the short-run dynamics are empirically more important, and complex, in the second case.
		A notable feature of both the static and dynamic concepts is that, to be meaningful, the theory has to articulate the equilibrating processes, that is, to give an account of the operation of those forces when the system is out of equilibrium, regardless of whether its normal condition can be characterised as an equilibrium.
		The image of the economy as a whole is one of a static equilibrium, the maintenance of which is explained by the operation of equilibrating forces, forces which only operate once the equilibrium has been disturbed by exogenous forces.
	www.staff.city.ac.uk /andy.denis/research/equilibrium.htm (7212 words)

	Steve Keen, Debunking Economics
		Keen gives a good HET account of some pendulum swings in economics and of the tendency for various theories to live on in the face of significant problems, because of practical problems with falsificationism.
		His objection is not to the excessive use of mathematics – and putative excessive formalism and sterility of economic theory – but to the insufficient and inadequate use of mathematics.
		There is an obvious gap between Keen’s conclusion that virtually any economic policy recommendation is as likely to be harmful as helpful (p4) on the one hand, and the orthodox profession’s still confident assertion of economics as imperialist science, on the other hand.
	www.debunking-economics.com /Reviews/EAP_review.htm (1080 words)

	Money, Method, and the Market Process Ch 1
		The social sciences in general and economics in particular cannot be based on experience in the sense in which this term is used by the natural sciences.
		Because mathematical economists start from the prejudice that economics has to be treated in mathematical terms they consider the study of static equilibrium as the whole of economics.
		Occupation with static equilibrium is a misguided evasion of the study of the main economic problems.
	www.mises.org /mmmp/mmmp1.asp (5054 words)

	[No title]
		The basis was the recognition that economics studies distinctly human action and, therefore, that it is properly regarded as a branch of praxeology.
		The specific method of economics is the method of imaginary constructions...Everyone who wants to express an opinion about the problems commonly called economic takes recourse to this method...An imaginary construction is a conceptual image of a sequence of events logically evolved from the elements of action employed in its formation.
		Equilibrium requires that the endpoint aimed at, or the action taken to achieve it, is not itself likely to present the actor with a motivation for further action.
	www.constitution.org /pd/gunning/subjecti/workpape/log_equi.htm (8263 words)

	[No title]
		It is common in economics to express these beginning points and endpoints by using the term “equilibrium.” That Coase apparently tried to avoid the use of this term in no way compromises the argument that the concept of equilibrium played a crucial role in his method.
		The Salter equilibrium is a Clark equilibrium that is continuously being disarranged by changes in demand and/or supply yet is instantly reestablished in light of the changes.
		He reasoned that since flboard economics means equilibrium economics and since Coase appears to have avoided using the term “equilibrium” in his discussions, this paper’s representation of his theories in terms of equilibrium must be inconsistent with Coase’s method.
	www.constitution.org /pd/gunning/subjecti/workpape/eqcoamet.htm (3473 words)

	Edge Perspectives with John Hagel: The Challenge of Growth
		Both books begin by outlining some of the key limitations of 20th century mainstream economics: a deep focus on static equilibrium models and a tendency until fairly recently to view such critical factors as the extent of knowledge or tastes and preferences as “exogenous factors” that are not within the scope of economic analysis.
		While the article was certainly influential and opened up a new set of issues for economic inquiry, too much of the mainstream economics profession remains mired in the mathematical marshes that simplify away all the interesting variables of economic life.
		Equilibrium systems by definition are in a state of rest, while growth implies change and dynamism.
	edgeperspectives.typepad.com /edge_perspectives/2006/07/the_challenge_o.html (1775 words)

	EPRI: Static Equilibrium: Forecasting Long-Term Prices
		The project team developed a static equilibrium model that can be used as a useful deterministic approximation to dynamic equilibrium, the distribution of outcomes associated with investment and retirement of power generating assets in a probabilistic world.
		The static equilibrium model introduced in this report defines static thresholds that are important inputs to the determination of the dynamic thresholds.
		Static Equilibrium.xls, the spreadsheet that accompanies the report, yields an optimal solution that is stationary in the sense that all real prices are constant and the capacity mix is constant.
	www.epri.com /OrderableitemDesc.asp?product_id=000000000001010688&searchdate=09/21/2005 (882 words)

	JHU Department of Economics : M. Ali Khan
		I continue to pursue my interests in economic interaction, as formalized in general equilibrium theory: models with a representative agent, as well as those with a finite number and a continuum.
		I see issues in development economics along with those of methodology and the history of ideas.
		This seminar traces the extent to which theory, particularly as it pertains to exchange and trade and to economic development, is grounded in and responds to 18th-century texts.
	www.econ.jhu.edu /People/Khan (628 words)

	Shock-Based Theories of the Cycle
		Equilibrium theory, after all, speaks of things tending to a certain "static" setting which, when achieved, repeats itself indefinitely.
		This was particularly important since it revealed an incompatibility between static equilibrium economics and business cycle theory.
		Consequently, they argued, that single, large negative shock would be sufficient to draw the average output away from equilibrium output for a sufficiently long time to be considered a downswing.
	homepage.newschool.edu /het/essays/cycle/shock.htm (997 words)

	Legg Mason Capital Management - Thought Leader Forum
		Instead of asking how the behavior of economic agents co-creates something that the agents respond to, they asked a simpler question, "What behavior is consistent with the pattern it creates?" That stops the motion and led to equilibrium economics where things are balanced and there are no incentives to change the behavior.
		Non-equilibrium economics is larger, more general and encompasses equilibrium economics as a special case.
		When I studied at Berkeley, I was given this impression that economics was like a large table and over in one corner, measuring one millimeter on a side was the field of non-equilibrium economics-the exceptional case.
	www.leggmason.com /thoughtleaderforum/2004/conference/transcripts/arthur_trans.asp (5996 words)

	[No title]
		Mathematical economics is not a distinct branch of economics like public finance or international trade.
		It is an approach to economics that expresses economic theories in terms of mathematical models.
		Static Equilibrium Analysis: Chapter 3 Matrix Algebra and Linear Models: Chapters 4 and 5 EXAM ONE D.
	www.uncg.edu /eco/layson/E319/Syllabus.doc (491 words)

	Economics
		Use of economic theory and analysis in the solution of business and public policy problems using demand and cost estimation and analysis, economic forecasting, and cost/benefit analysis.
		The use of mathematical techniques in the development and verification of economic theory and economic models, including static (equilibrium) analysis, linear models, comparative static analysis, optimization techniques, and dynamic analysis.
		A comprehensive study and comparison of major economic systems, including capitalism, socialism and mixed economic systems; an analysis of their relative efficiency; and a survey of the main problems faced by economics in transition.
	www.ucok.edu /graduate/graduate/ECON.html (911 words)

	Papers on Economics Development: Matthew McCartney, "Dynamic versus Static Efficiency", Post-Autistic ...
		The explicit theoretical rationale of liberalisation according to neoclassical economics is to achieve an efficient (static) allocation of resources.
		Neoclassical economics assumes innovations take place in advanced countries and learning in less developed countries (LDC) is no more difficult than selecting the most appropriate.
		The analysis of policy intervention in the static neoclassical model is easy, anything that increases the scope of the free market and free decision making is a good thing.
	www.paecon.net /PAEReview/development/McCartney26.htm (3384 words)

	Conclusions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The games we solved included several elementary static games and some less elementary games including the dynamic river basin pollution game based on [3].
		However, if a static game has an unconstrained static equilibrium, the dynamic equilibrium generally implies an increased production by all players and that (usually one of) the constraints becomes active.
		We summarise that in dynamic games with constraints a final payoff function, the dynamic equilibrium (38), with moves away from the static, or ``repeated'', equilibrium of Section 4.2.3.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /staff/jacek_krawczyk/relsli1/node17.html (287 words)

	Sizing up Samuelson - Mises Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		And so very little gets dropped; as new economic problems are faced in the society, more chapters—more problem areas—get added to the book, whether the new fashion be underdevelopment or unemployment or inflation or the New Left or ecology.
		Hence, by their very nature, it is almost impossible for these textbooks to lead the profession, or to lead the concerns of society, or, therefore, to prepare the student for the new problems he is bound to face in the world he will enter.
		Letting the nation's undergraduates know of other serious forms of economics than his own centrism is, of course, all to the good, and will hopefully instruct the student that there is more to economics than one man's (or even the majority's) crotchets.
	www.mises.org /fullstory.aspx?control=1542 (1832 words)

	Econ 6904 Syllabus, Dr. Usip, Economics
		In this course, we will study the quantitative methods that economists use to develop/construct/formulate economic theories and to quantify/measure economic relationships that derive from theoretical models/formulations.
		Developing economic theories rely heavily on mathematical concepts and techniques while quantifying economic relationships rely heavily on statistical concepts and techniques.
		Our main aim is to expose you to only those mathematical/statistical techniques and symbols that are essential for understanding journal articles and for undertaking a serious applied economic analysis.
	cc.ysu.edu /~eeusip/econ6904.htm (429 words)

	Amazon.com: Static and Dynamic Aspects of General Disequilibrium Theory (Theory and Decision Library C:): Books: P. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Mathematical economics uses mathematical tools and reasoning to describe and explain economic reality.
		At the core of mathematical economics is general equilibrium theory.
		Static and Dynamic Aspects of General Disequilibrium Theory describes and analyses various general equilibrium models, treating theory from an axiomatic point of view, which may lead to a deeper understanding of problems, may help to avoid incorrect reasoning, and may improve communication within the economic science.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0792398130?v=glance (426 words)

	Gibbons, R.: Game Theory for Applied Economists.
		Gibbons emphasizes the economic applications of the theory at least as much as the pure theory itself; formal arguments about abstract games play a minor role.
		Also, the variety of applications shows that similar issues arise in different areas of economics, and that the same game-theoretic tools can be applied in each setting.
		The book covers four classes of games, and four corresponding notions of equilibrium: static games of complete information and Nash equilibrium, dynamic games of complete information and subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium, static games of incomplete information and Bayesian Nash equilibrium, and dynamic games of incomplete information and perfect Bayesian equilibrium.
	pup.princeton.edu /titles/4993.html (259 words)

	Issue No. 5 of the Post-Autistic Economics Newsletter
		(1) Economic life is complex and some elements of it are easier to know than others.
		economics (preferences are supposed to be context independent, transitive and continuous).
		economic facts which is coherent, precise, and which leads to clear policy recommendations.
	www.paecon.net /PAEReview/wholeissues/issue5.htm (4244 words)

	Economics 605
		The following is a brief outline of the topics we are expected to cover over the semester along with the corresponding chapters from the textbooks.
		NOTE 2: I expect students to be familiar with Comparative Static Analysis (Chiang, chapters 6-9).
		Monetary and fiscal policy in the static equilibrium model : Branson, Ch 9.
	www.econ.wayne.edu /bbekdac/7050/7050syll.htm (386 words)

	IPcentral Weblog - Intellectual Property and Copyright Commentary
		[A] fundamental problem with mainstream economics is that it is worthless to try analyzing markets in terms of a static equilibrium in which the competitive process has already done its work.
		But they fail because they are still concerned with the analysis of equilibrium states rather than the process by which they emerge.
		Ruminating on competition policy may be about as much fun as chewing on dry bread, but it is exceedingly important to the shape of the digital future.
	ipcentral.info /blog/2004/12/european-competition-policy.html (430 words)

	Optimization formulations and static equilibrium in congested transportation networks
		Optimization formulations and static equilibrium in congested transportation networks
		"Optimization Formulations and Static Equilibrium in Congested Transportations Networks," Papers 9861, Catholique de Louvain - Center for Operations Research and Economics.
		Department of Economics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut using
	ideas.repec.org /p/ema/worpap/97-17.html (172 words)

	Optimization Formulations and Static Equilibrium in Congested Transportations Networks
		In this paper we study the concepts of equilibrium and optimum in static transportation networks with elastic and non-elastic demands.
		The main contribution of this paper is to propose a new definition of equilibrium, the normal equilibrium, which exists under very general assumptions.
		"Optimization formulations and static equilibrium in congested transportation networks," THEMA Working Papers 97-17, THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise.
	ideas.repec.org /p/fth/louvco/9861.html (331 words)

	MPSGE for General Equilibrium Modeling: Publications
		Department of Economics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0256
		Glenn W. Harrison and Bengt Kristrvm "Carbon Emissions and the Economic Costs of Transport Policy in Sweden," in R. Roson and K.A. Small (eds.), Environment and Transport in Economic Modelling (Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic Press, 1997 forthcoming).
		Kevin O'Rourke, "The Economic impact of the Famine in the short and long run", American Economic Review (Papers and Proceedings) 84, 309-313, 1994.
	www.gams.com /solvers/mpsge/pubs.htm (2213 words)

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