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Topic: Statue of Athena Parthenos

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	ATHENA
		Athena's moral and military superiority to Ares derived in part from the fact that she represented the intellectual and civilized side of war and the virtues of justice and skill, whereas Ares represented mere blood lust.
		In the Iliad, Athena was the divine form of the heroic, martial ideal: she personified excellence in close combat, victory, and glory.
		Athena appears in Homer's Odyssey as the tutelary deity of Odysseus, and myths from later sources portray her similarly as helper of Perseus and Heracles (Hercules).
	www.goddess.ws /athena.html (730 words)

	Parthenon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Parthenon (ancient Greek: Παρθενώνας) was a temple of Athena, built in the 5th century BC on the Acropolis of Athens.
		The East pediment narrates the birth of Athena from the head of her father, Zeus, whereas the West pediment presents the dispute of Athena and Poseidon over the city of Athens.
		Sometime in the 5th century AD, the great cult image of Athena was looted by one of the Emperors, and taken to Constantinople, where it was later destroyed, possibly during the sack of the city during the Fourth Crusade in 1204 AD.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parthenon (2627 words)

	Baby Bacchae's Xena-site --> Greek mythology --> Gods of Olympus --> Athena
		Athena's warlike nature, in which she was worshipped as Areia, differed from the character of Ares himself, the god of war.
		When Athena Hippia tamed the wild horse, she acquired a fresh dimension in the minds of the Greeks: now she became the goddess of ingenuity and skill, representing the concept of the superiority of the mind over physical power and the violence of war.
		Athena gave the king who was in a manner of speaking her son the blood of Gorgo, which he could use either to make medicaments to heal the sick or poisons to take life.
	www.fortunecity.com /skyscraper/nova/1624/english/mythology/athena.html (2006 words)

	The Colossal Athena Parthenos Statues of Pheidias
		The statue of Athena stands upright, dressed in a full-length chiton, and on her breast a head of Medusa is represented in ivory.
		She carries a statue of Nike about 4 cubits [6 feet] high, and a spear in the other hand; a shield is placed by her feet, and near the shield is a serpent.
		Pheidias made his Athena as would one who knew optics and geometry and “knowing that things that are high will appear very small.” His Athena was made with her mouth open, nostrils distended, and the rest in proportion to the height of the columns.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/Arts/AthenaParthenos.htm (1270 words)

	Notebook
		Athena competed with Poseidon for the possession of Attica and proffered to its inhabitants the olive tree, symbol of peace and prosperity.
		Athena was the goddess of the olive tree, the sacred tree of Athens, and, even in the age of Pericles, Pheidias' famous statue of Athena Parthenos had a snake rearing up behind her shield and another coiled around her waist.
		Marble statue of Athena, as it was renovated in 525 BC from the Old Temple of Athena on the Acropolis in Athens.
	www.noteaccess.com /APPROACHES/AGW/Athena.htm (2672 words)

	Athena
		Athena was also worshiped as the goddess of wisdom and of crafts, especially spinning and weaving.
		Athena was regarded as the protector of all cities and states.
		Athena is often shown with an olive branch, a symbol of peace and plenty.
	greek438.tripod.com /athena.htm (324 words)

	Ancient Greek Sculptures
		Athena's companion was the goddess of victory, Nike, and her usual attribute is the owl.
		Athena possessed the Aegis, the mighty goat skin that protected her like a shield.
		This wonderful statue is a reproduction of the lost ivory and gold statue of Athena Parthenos that once stood at the frontgate of the Athenian Acropolis in the 5th century B.C. and was 65 feet high.
	www.hellenic-art.com /statues/athina.htm (170 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Athena’s birth in itself, not to mention the other feats she was acknowledged for, is interesting.
		Since Athena was the goddess of handicraft, every time this festival was held, Athenian women would weave a peplos (a special garment) and present it to Athena’s statue.
		Athena was basically known, however, as the city protectress and goddess of war, wisdom, practical reason and handicraft.
	www.woodenclockworks.net /page48.htm (978 words)

	Parthenon (Nashville) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alan LeQuire's 1990 re-creation of the Athena Parthenos statue is the focus of the Parthenon just as it was in ancient Greece.
		Since the building is complete and its decorations were polychromed (painted in colors) as close to the presumed original as possible, it is arguably a better representation of what the Athenians would have seen than is the current ruin of the Parthenon on the Acropolis.
		The east room is called the Naos and it houses the statue of Athena.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville) (875 words)

	Athena channeling, Part II
		She doesn't understand the part of the vision of that embodiment in which she was, as "priestess" to herself, in the golden chamber beneath the statue of Athena Parthenos.
		These sheets could be inserted in the floor at the base of the statue, and then she would generate photon light from the heart of her lightship, and the light would project through the cut-outs onto the ceiling of the Parthenon.
		But I now wish (since this is the statue erected to me and represents me) to change the energies of the gold and ivory and to transport them to the treasuries of Athens in their appropriate vaults for the use of the Athenians and not to be tied up in the statue.
	www.melora.org /athena2.html (3498 words)

	Parthenon Conclusion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In addition to his Athena Parthenos, Pheidias was also known for his large statue of Zeus, also chryselephantine, which he created for the temple at Olympia, scene of the pamhellenic Olympic Festival.
		Athena's clothing was of gold-plate--made removable in case of emergency.
		Athena's face, hands, and feet were of ivory, her eyes of precious jewels.
	www.bergen.org /AAST/Projects/Architecture/Parthenon/parthenon2.html (700 words)

	The Sculptures of the Parthenon
		Athena obviously won the contest (hence the city Athens) when her gift of an olive tree was chosen over Poseidon's gift of a spring.
		The statue of Athena Parthenos consisted of a frame made of wood, metal, clay, and plaster.
		The descriptions indicated that the statue was a standing figure, wearing a long garment with a Medusa's head of ivory on the breast, and a helmet on the head adorned by a sphinx between a pair of griffins.
	members.tripod.com /caver352/art.htm (756 words)

	Statue of Athena Parthenos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This is a reconstruction of the colossal (39 ft. high) statue of Athena Parthenos ('virgin'), created by the sculptor Pheidias, in the Parthenon.
		This statue was made of wood, plated with gold and ivory.
		The Greeks viewed the snake positively as a symbol of renewal (sloughs off its old skin) and was associated with gods of the earth.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/athnlife/athenapa.htm (58 words)

	PHEIDIAS
		Among works for which Phidias is famous are three monuments to Athena on the Athenian Acropolis (the Athena Promachos, the Lemnian Athena, and the colossal Athena Parthenos for the Parthenon) and the colossal seated Zeus for the Temple of Zeus at Olympia; none of these survives in the original.
		A head of Athena in Bologna and two statues of Athena in Dresden are thought to be copies, in marble, of Phidias' original work in bronze.
		The colossal statue of the Athena Parthenos, which Phidias made for the Parthenon, was completed and dedicated in 438.
	www.ce.berkeley.edu /~filippou/Research/Fedeas/pheidias.htm (628 words)

	ARCL2001: Lecture 9
		The Tyrannicides statue commemorated an important historical event, the slaying in 514 BC of the tyrant Hipparchos by Harmodios and Aristogeiton.
		Wooden statues do not survive, but we know from the ancient literary sources that some of the oldest and most venerated cult statues were made of wood, such as the statue of Athena Polias which stood in the Old Temple of Athena, later replaced by the Erechtheion, on the Acropolis.
		Terracotta statue of Zeus abducting Ganymede from the Sanctuary of Zeus at Olympia, circa 470 BC.
	teaching.arts.usyd.edu.au /archaeology/arcl2001/lecture_9.htm (783 words)

	Navis.gr - Parthenon and Acropolis
		The temple was dedicated to the Greek goddess of war and wisdom, Athena, also known as Athena Parthenos (Athena the Virgin).
		On the western pediment of the new temple stood statues of Athena and Poseidon.
		In the temple was a statue of Athena Parthenos, 40 feet (12 meters) tall.
	www.navis.gr /photos/acropole.htm (927 words)

	Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County-The Parthenon
		All of this evidence is culminated in LeQuire's Athena.
		Athena was cast out of gypsum cement in many molds and assembled inside the Parthenon.
		The Athena statue was constructed from 1982 to 1990.
	www.nashville.gov /parthenon/athena.htm (570 words)

	Chryselephantine Statue of Athena
		The Parthenon’s main function was to provide shelter for the monumental chryselephantine (made of gold and ivory) statue of Athena that was created by Pheidias and dedicated in 438 BCE.
		The statue was a hollow construction with a wooden armature that supported the outer surfaces of the golden drapery, and the ivory flesh of Athena.
		The statue was situated close to the south end of the cella and was surrounded by a procession of double-decked Doric columns on its flanks as well as the back.
	www.ancient-greece.org /art/athena-statue.html (271 words)

	The Architecture of the Parthenon
		Though his exact contributions are not known, he carved the immense cult statue of Athena Parthenos that was to be placed inside the Parthenon.
		The west end of this interior colonnade holds the cult statue of Athena Parthenos.
		In order to make the approach to the statue more awe inspiring, the cella was lengthened to have the proportion between the length and width of the room to be a little greater than two to one.
	members.tripod.com /caver352/architec.htm (756 words)

	Statue of Athena (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Athena Parthenos was one of the most famous statues of antiquity.
		It was made between 447 and 438 BC by the sculptor Pheidias, who later made the chryselephantine statue of Zeus at Olympia, one of the wonders of the ancient world.
		When Athena sprang from Zeus' head, she was the fully armed and fully grown goddess of war.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /AncGreece/statue_of_athena.htm (428 words)

	Athena Polias (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The olive-wood, life-size statue of Athena Polias that was located in the Erechtheum was believed to have fallen from sky and the cult of this particular form of the goddess was the most ancient and important on the Acropolis.
		Homer speaks of what might be a seated image of Athena in Troy, which is the recipient of robe placed on the knees of the goddess (Iliad 6.302-04).
		Nonetheless, the peplos given to Athena Polias recalled her military identity with an embroidered depiction of her participation in the Olympian gods' cosmic victory over the Giants.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/athnlife/polias.html (206 words)

	The Goddess Athena (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Greek goddess Athena (A-theen-uh), later called Minerva by the Romans, was the goddess of wisdom, battle, and certain crafts, and was the protector of the concept of cities.
		She is identified often in mythology as grey-eyed or flashing-eyed Athena, and is sometimes called Pallas Athena because she accidentally killed Pallas, a daughter of the sea god, Triton.
		Athena's sacred temple on the acropolis in Athens, Greece is called the Parthenon (temple of the virgin) because she was one of the three virgin Olympian goddesses.
	vathena.arc.nasa.gov /project/teacher/goddess (551 words)

	The Coast Goldsmith :: Carnelian Intaglio Pin of Hestia or Vesta
		The original Statue of Athena Parthenos was made of ivory and gold and was housed in the Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens.
		However its condition and the quality and the authenticity of the depiction of Athena Parthenos is so good that I have included it with the other cameos I am selling.
		On the reverse of the cameo someone has inscribed both "Athena" and "Minerva." The difficult to read "Athena" was probably written first, when the cameo was made, "Minerva" is a later addition to clarify the identity of the cameo.
	www.coastgoldsmith.com /62.html (541 words)

	Parthenon: Gallery of Images
		The following description of the statue of Athena Parthenos is from the Perseus Project: As restored from copies, Athena probably stood with her weight on her right leg, and her left leg relaxed.
		A centauromachy was illustrated on the soles (?) of her sandals, and the helmet was decorated with griffins and sphinxes.
		On the statue base was illustrated the birth of Pandora, the progenitor of the race of women.
	employees.oneonta.edu /farberas/arth/ARTH209/Parthenon_gallery.html (285 words)

	The Parthenon
		Many of the temples built on the Akropolis were shrines to Athena, as is the Parthenon which remains today.
		The Hekatompedon (also known as the "Old Temple of Athena"), was burnt in the Persian sack of Athens in 480 B.C. Its foundations remain on the Akropolis, and are the only remnants of the buildings which were on the Akropolis before the Persians sacked the city.
		One of those who saw the statue was Pausanias, who describe the Athena as standing "upright in an ankle length tunic with a head of Medusa carved in ivory on her breast.
	www.worldvstore.com /wonders_s_parthenon.htm (771 words)

	Four additional, less obvious but very compelling reasons that Athena is the Eve of Genesis.
		Athena defends the Greek religious system from the inroads of the daughters of Ares (Seth).
		By the fifth century BC when Phidias constructed the great statue of Athena Parthenos, the sphinx and her enigmatic power belonged to Athena, as we know from its image atop her war helmet.
		Athena’s possession of the sphinx shows that her authority supercedes that of Hera, the original primal Eve from before the Flood (Athena and Eden, Chapter 5).
	www.solvinglight.com /features/0308/HowObvious02.htm (802 words)

	The Acropolis at Athens - Pathways to Ancient Myth
		The east portico (the pronaos) served as the entrance to the cella.
		The statue of Athena was a wooden frame, adorned in gold with skin of ivory and eyes of precious stone.
		On the statue's base was a relief of Pandora's birth.
	www.calvin.edu /academic/clas/pathways/acropoli/apar2.htm (231 words)

	Parthenon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Parthenon was rebuilt, only after peace with Persia was reached (prior to that it had been burnt to the ground as with many other monuments of the Acropolis) in 449 BC, from there onward it's reconstruction began with the addition of a Pentelic marble facade (a white marble, that when shined sparkles).
		Within the temple itself are two chambers, one in which the statue of Athena Parthenos stood, and one which housed the temple treasury.
		In this annual celebration, Athenian youths and maidens accompanied the new robe for Athena's statue from Eleusis to the Acropolis itself.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/prehistory/aegean/thecities/athens_adjuncts/parthenon.html (444 words)

	ARCL2001: Lecture 12
		Standing in relaxed contrapposto stance, Statue A represents an older male with mature physique; while Statue B depicts a younger man with lither body, tamer beard and a longer head from which the helmet is now missing.
		He was, of course, the artistic creativity behind the Parthenon sculptures, responsible for their design and overall production though, with the exception of the chryselephantine cult statue of Athena Parthenos, he is unlikely to have been involved himself in the actual sculpting.
		Athena's sandals carried a centauromachy while her helmet displayed griffins on the cheek pieces, griffins and deer on the visor, and a sphinx and two Pegasoi as crest supports.
	teaching.arts.usyd.edu.au /archaeology/arcl2001/lecture_12.htm (826 words)

	My Quiet Life » gilded Athena
		What some don’t know about, though, is the equally impressive statue of Athena that graces the interior.
		Missing from the replica, however was the statue of Athena (Athena Parthenos), designed by Phidias, that graced the interior of the original Parthenon.
		Although this conforms well to the common misconception of “Classic” art, the reality is that it was missing a crucial aspect: the original statue was painted and adorned with a gilded wardrobe and ivory skin.
	chris.quietlife.net /2004/02/16/gilded-athena (329 words)

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