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	Encyclopedia: Statute of Anne
		Anne (6 February 1665 â€“ 1 August 1714) became Queen of England, Queen of Scotland and Queen of Ireland on 8 March 1702.
		The Statute replaced the monopoly enjoyed by the Stationer's Company granted in 1556 during the reign of Mary I which after several renewals expired in 1695.
		The statute of 1709 vests authors rather than printers with the monopoly on the reproduction of their works.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Statute-of-Anne (771 words)

	One.2
		Prior to the Statute of Anne, or the Copyright Act of 1709, printed matter wascontrolled via the Licensing Act which allowed authorities to prohibitpublication of anything "dangerous." The Licensing Act, repealed in 1694,mandated all books be licensed by registering them with the Company ofStationers.
		Although the Statute of Anne was enacted in 1709, it was 1774 before it finallyreached the House of Lords for a definitive construction.
		The intent of the Statute of Anne was twofold.
	www.futures.hawaii.edu /dissertation/Chapter2.html (6799 words)

	Statute of Anne - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Statute of Anne - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Statute of Anne (short title Copyright Act 1709 8 Anne c.19) was the first British copyright law, enacted in 1709 and entering into force on April 10, 1710.
		Statute of Anne, See also, British laws, Copyright law and 1709 in law.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Statute_of_Anne (101 words)

	Open source licensing, Part 1: The intent
		Beckett, the Statute of Anne deemed that after a "copy right" expired, the associated work became unencumbered, allowing the work to be freely consumed by the general public and freely duplicated by any publisher.
		Today, nearly 300 years after the Statute of Anne was passed into law, the same fundamental tenets of copyright remain, and the rights of an author prevail as an essential impetus to create new works.
		The British Parliament's Statute of Anne was enacted April 10, 1710.
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/library/os-license/index.html (2340 words)

	chapter 1
		Statute of Anne, 8 Anne C. The date on the statute indicates that it was passed in March 1709.
		Some modern critics of the expansion of copyright delight in emphasizing the embarrassing precursor to the Statute of Anne, suggesting that copyright has been forever tainted by the fact that it evolved from what were essentially censorship laws.
		There were other similarities to the English Statute of Anne, including the requirement that one copy of the work be deposited with the clerk of the local district court, and one copy be delivered to the secretary of state—at the time, Thomas Jefferson—“to be preserved in his office.” What a way to build a library!
	www.edwardsamuels.com /illustratedstory/isc1.htm (6594 words)

	History
		Copyright was first established in the United Kingdom in 1710 with the Statute of Anne.
		The Statute of Anne prevented booksellers from holding monopolies and also created a public domain where works would be available after the copyright expired.
		The copyright Act of 1790, which was modeled to be like the Statute of Anne, granted Americans the right to print, re-print, or publish work for the same 14 year period, with the same 14 year renewal policy.
	www.albany.edu /%7Ebp3657/isp301/pasternak.html (569 words)

	billingsgazette.com
		Rell said she would prefer the marriage definition was in the legislation, but would not say she would veto the bill if it weren't.
		Several Republicans who spoke in favor of the amendment said they've received hundreds of e-mails and letters in recent weeks from constituents, including many with religious ties, demanding that civil unions be defeated and that marriage be defined in statute.
		Anne Stanback, president of Love Makes a Family and an advocate for same-sex marriage, said though she wished the vote would have resolved the issue of gay marriage, she was pleased with the outcome.
	www.billingsgazette.com /index.php?id=1&display=rednews/2005/04/08/build/nation/84-conn-union-bill.inc (655 words)

	New York Daily News - Ideas & Opinions - Anne Liske: Lift statute on rape? Yes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Victims of such violent crime in New York, where the current laws say that rape suspects cannot be prosecuted after 10 years, deserve the same right and justice.
		It is daunting that, due to the current 10-year statute of limitations, these criminals walk the streets.
		Anne Liske is executive director of the New York State Coalition Against Sexual Assault.
	www.nydailynews.com /news/ideas_opinions/story/309643p-264979c.html (402 words)

	Read about Statute of Anne at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Statute of Anne and learn about Statute of Anne here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Read about Statute of Anne at WorldVillage Encyclopedia.
		Research Statute of Anne and learn about Statute of Anne here!
		The Statute of Anne (8 Anne c.19) was the first British copyright law, enacted in 1709 and entering into force on April 10, 1710.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Statute_of_Anne (97 words)

	feature3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1710 however, the Statute of Anne, a milestone in the history of copyright law, was passed.
		According to the Association of Research Libraries, the Statute of Anne recognized that authors should be the primary beneficiaries of copyright law; it also established the idea that there should be a limited time period on the copyright laws, after which works could pass into public domain.
		Generally, that statute gives the author—or owner of the original work—the exclusive right and authority to allow others to use or reproduce the copyrighted work.
	www.quickprinting.com /pages/issues/2004/504/feature3.shtml (1550 words)

	Copyright law of the United Kingdom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The 1988 Act came into force on 1 August 1989 for the most part, except for some minor provisions that were brought into force through 1990 and 1991.
		The modern concept of copyright originated in Britain in 1710 with the Statute of Anne.
		If an unpublished work was published prior to the 1988 Act coming into force and the author had been dead for more than 50 years, then that work remained in copyright for a period of 50 years dating from its publication, plus a period to the end of the year in question.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Copyright_law_of_the_United_Kingdom (5970 words)

	JEP: Authors' Rights
		The 1710 Statute of Anne, our first formal copyright law, left printers the dominant power in relations between printers and authors.
		What is most remarkable about the Statute of Anne is that the state's interest began to shift from censorship toward the creation of a public domain for intellectual property.
		For much of the rest of the eighteenth century, printers and publishers were in court trying to protect their traditional monopoly powers against the incursions, as they saw it, of the public domain.
	www.press.umich.edu /jep/05-02/bennett.html (3611 words)

	Fredrikson & Byron, P.A. - Additional Guidance on the Application of the Minnesota Whistleblower Statute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Whistleblower statute, in essence, prohibits employers from discharging or taking any other adverse employment action against an employee because he or she has
		One of the unsettled questions under this statute was whether an employee or former employee, who claims to have been discharged for having complained of sexual harassment, can maintain both a reprisal claim under the Minnesota Human Rights Act and a claim under the Whistleblower Act on the same facts.
		In May of last year, the Minnesota Court of Appeals, in a case involving allegations that an individual was terminated for having complained of sexual harassment, ruled that an individual could indeed maintain a reprisal claim under the Minnesota Human Rights Act and simultaneously maintain a claim for a violation of the Whistleblower statute.
	www.fredlaw.com /articles/employment/empl_96fa_amr.html (617 words)

	Copyright in a Frictionless World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Such was the birth of the Statute of Anne in 1709 [38].
		The initial period of protection afforded by copyright to an author by the Statute of Anne was between 14 and 28 years.
		We should not forget that it is academics who are the "learned men" that the Statute of Anne sought to encourage in the production of "useful works" so many centuries ago and who are nowadays, by and large, abandoned by copyright law and increasingly electing to vanity publish.
	firstmonday.org /issues/issue6_9/scott (17748 words)

	Patry: England and the Statute of Anne
		While the Statute of Anne seemed straightforward, the Stationers nevertheless contended that their former perpetual rights had not been taken away, but rather that the Act merely enabled them to obtain summary remedies against piracy.
		The question of whether the Stationers’ protection was perpetual or limited by the terms set forth in the Statute of Anne thus remained.
		This latter provision is certainly a distinguishing feature of the Statute of Anne, and justifies the statute’s frequent description as the first Act to protect authors.
	digital-law-online.info /patry/patry2.html (5212 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		"The Statute of 4 Anne [1705] provided that those debtors who cooperated fully would be discharged and would take five percent of whatever assets were gathered.
		17 (1705), is contained in the provision of the statute that uncooperative debtors would 'suffer as a felon without the benefit of clergy,' the eighteenth-century term of art for the death penalty.
		Nevertheless, a number of debtors were in fact executed under the Statute of Anne.
	home.earthlink.net /~mhclaw/trivia.htm (295 words)

	www.nyfairuse.org - New Yorkers for Fair Use - Protecting Fair Use of Copyrighted Material (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The 1662 act lapsed in 1695 leading to a relaxation of government censorship, and in 1710 Parliament enacted the Statute of Anne to address the concerns of English booksellers and printers.
		The statute prevented a monopoly on the part of the booksellers and created a "public domain" for literature by limiting terms of copyright and by ensuring that once a work was purchased the copyright owner no longer had control over its use.
		While the statute did provide for an author's copyright, the benefit was minimal because in order to be paid for a work an author had to assign it to a bookseller or publisher.
	www.nyfairuse.org (1431 words)

	Massive Change: The Future of Global Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		They were a monopolist group that restricted the spread of knowledge by keeping prices of books high.
		Then along came the Statute of Anne, which was designed to promote education and learning by limiting copyright to 14 years.
		Its effect was to basically tell the Congor that their government-granted monopolies would be over, and they would have to compete in the marketplace if they wanted to continue to prosper.
	www.massivechange.com /LawrenceLessig.html (1250 words)

	Jane Austen Clubs
		By the 8th statute of George I. the keeper of a faro-table may be prosecuted for a lottery, where the penalty is five hundred pounds.
		this statute is farther enforced, and its deficiencies supplied; and if any person be convicted, upon information or indictment, of winning or losing ten or twenty pounds within twenty-four hours, he shall forfeit five times the sum.
		When a species of gambling, ruinous to the morals and to the fortunes of the younger part of the community, who move in the middle and higher ranks of life, is suffered to be carried on in direct opposition to a positive statute, surely blame must be attached somewhere.
	www.printsgeorge.com /Jane_Austen-Clubs.htm (6024 words)

	Intellectual Property:A history of copyright
		It was not until the 1709 Statute of Anne which passed into law on 10th April 1710 that copyright in books and other writings gained protection of an Act of Parliament.
		By 1681 the Licensing Act had been repealed and the Stationers' Company had passed a by-law that established rights of ownership for books registered to a number of its members so as to continue regulating the printing trade themselves.
		The passing of the Statute of Anne, which was the first Copyright Act in the world to deal with this issue, introduced two new concepts - an author being the owner of copyright and the principle of a fixed term of protection for published works.
	www.intellectual-property.gov.uk /std/resources/copyright/history.htm (734 words)

	Intellectual Property, Moral Rights, and Trading Regimes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		There are three classes of trademarks: ordinary marks distinguishing the wares or services of a single firm; certification marks indicating that the wares or services meet a defined standard; and distinguishing guise marks that give the product a unique ornamental shape or package.
		The desire of society to hold someone accountable for what was made public, especially in an age of mechanical reproduction of writing, had much to do with the formulation of the 1709 Statute of Anne, the formal beginning of Anglo-Saxon copyright law.
		These concerns with accountability were extended into the nineteenth century when authors, building on the efforts of such notables as Samuel Johnson (Kernan, 1987), were becoming independent professionals free from the strictures imposed by patrons and capable of making a living from their writing.
	www.wlu.ca /~wwwpress/jrls/cjc/BackIssues/21.2/lorimer.html (7323 words)

	Prosecution for Infringement of Copyright under Copyright Act - Author - Amrendra N. Tripathi - Dhir & Dhir Associates ...
		In the 18th Century there was continuous dispute and litigation over relationship between Copyright subsisting at Common Law and Copyright under the Statute of Anne.
		This was finally settled by the House of Lords in the case of Donaldson Vs. Beckett in 1774, which ruled that at Common Law the author had sole right of printing and publishing his books, but that once a book was published the right in it were exclusively regulated by the Statute.
		190 upon receiving a complaint of facts which constitutes such offence irrespective of the qualifications or eligibilities of the complainant to file a complaint unless contrary provision is made in any Statute.
	www.legalserviceindia.com /articles/In_Copy.htm (1656 words)

	Epeus' epigone - Kevin Marks weblog
		It is an attempt to recreate through technological fiat the publishers' dominance, at the expense of both readers and authors, that the Statute of Anne, and subsequent UK copyright laws, were created to fight.
		An earmarked tax on DRM may be appropriate here, just as the Statute of Anne provided penalties for not submitting publications in a useful form.
		The UK Parliament set the precedent for Copyright law in the Statute of Queen Anne that defended authors from rapacious publishers, and which has served as the basis for global copyright law ever since.
	epeus.blogspot.com (9953 words)

	Law Professors' Amici Brief in NY MPAA DeCSS Case (Jan. 26, 2001)
		In 1709, Parliament enacted the first modern copyright law, the Statute of Anne, which vested a fourteen-year statutory copyright in authors.
		Patterson has shown, the policies embodied in the Statute of Anne and upheld in Donaldson v.
		Because patents and copyrights are statutory rights, and because monopolies are disfavored, the limits inherent in the Clause's carefully chosen language must be strictly observed.
	www.eff.org /IP/Video/MPAA_DVD_cases/20010126_ny_lawprofs_amicus.html (6788 words)

	Mike Linksvayer » Perpetual copyright ends, 1774
		I am learning just how much early British copyright law kept the price of literature high, and kept books out of public hands.
		The curious story of how perpetual copyright survived until 1774, 64 years after the Statute of Anne limited the duration of monopoly publishing rights to 14 years with one optional renewal is told in chapter 6, “Founders” of Lawrence Lessig’s Free Culture.
		(Failing to obtain legislative copyright extension, publishers argued that common law copyright was perpetual, obviating the statute.)
	gondwanaland.com /mlog/2005/09/18/perpetual-copyright-ends-1774 (220 words)

	[No title]
		Financial compensation for the artist is possible only if the community accepts an external set of rules that allow the definition of a "price" as a second-hand representation of the work that went into recording the song.
		After all, the author's copyright has been with us at least since the Statute of Anne in 1710, and law enforcement has been effective — at least in Western countries — at preventing illegal copies from circulating and therefore at preserving fair prices for entertainment products.
		The difference in the New Economy is that the risk of making and distributing illegal copies is approaching zero, as is the cost.
	www.sheldonpacotti.com /demiurge/preface.htm (1099 words)

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