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Topic: Stearic

	Stearic acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stearic acid also called octadecanoic acid is one of the many useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
		Stearic acid is prepared by treating animal fat with water at a high pressure and temperature.
		Stearic acid is useful as an ingredient in making candles, soaps, and cosmetics and for softening rubber.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stearic_acid (128 words)

	Potential Source of Reduced Palmitic and Stearic Fatty Acids in Sunflower Oil From a Population of Wild Helianthus ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The average palmitic and stearic fatty acid concentration of populations of H.
		The low levels of saturated fatty acids observed in the original population appear to be stable, indicating the lower levels of palmitic and stearic acids have a genetic base and the potential to be introgressed into cultivated sunflower.
		Preliminary results indicate that palmitic and stearic acid levels in sunflower oil can be lowered by introgressing genes from a population of the closest wild relative of the cultivated crop.
	www.hort.purdue.edu /newcrop/ncnu02/v5-150.html (1432 words)

	The Dimensions of a Molecule
		When stearic acid is added to water its molecules tend to accumulate on the surface of the water with the carboxyl group dissolved in water and the hydrocarbon end pointing away from the surface.
		The thickness of the monolayer is equal to the length of the stearic acid molecule.
		Assuming that the length of a stearic acid molecule is approximately the same as that of a hydrocarbon molecule containing 18 carbon atoms, estimate the length of the stearic acid molecule, and compare the result to your experimental value.
	wwwchem.csustan.edu /chem1102/stearic.htm (1273 words)

	British Pharmaceutical Codex 1911: ACIDUM STEARICUM. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic acid, sometimes incorrectly called "stearin," is a mixture of solid fatty acids, chiefly stearic and palmitic, obtained by the hydrolysis of various fats with subsequent removal of the liquid acids by cooling and filtration; it may, however, contain from 20 to 30 per cent.
		If stearic acid be warmed with a solution of an alkali carbonate, it combines with the alkali, and carbon dioxide is evolved.
		Stearic acid may be powdered by sprinkling it with alcohol during trituration or by melting 2 parts of the acid with 1 part of absolute alcohol and rubbing in a mortar till cool.
	www.ibiblio.org /herbmed/eclectic/bpc1911/acidum-stea.html (257 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		When a solution of stearic acid in a volatile hydrocarbon solvent is placed on water, the stearic acid spreads out on the surface of the water such that each molecule has its polar -COOH group in the water and its nonpolar hydrocarbon chain above the water surface.
		The number of moles of stearic acid in the monolayer is determined using its molar mass.
		Avogadro's number is obtained by dividing the number of molecules of stearic acid in the monolayer by the number of moles of stearic acid in the layer.
	www.cchem.berkeley.edu /chem1a/spring03/labex2.htm (602 words)

	Emulsion for cold rolling mill
		Stearic 7 is used when there is a leakage of hydraulic oil or grease from cold rolling mill to emulsion.
		We manufacture Stearic 7 to be compatible with hydraulic oil used in your mill.
		Stearic 7 for cold rolling mill is used to change the tramp oil into useful emulsion.
	www.geocities.com /saeles/emulsion.html (484 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Potential Source of Reduced Palmitic and Stearic Fatty Acids in Sunflower Oil from a ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This study evaluates populations of wild annual H. annuus, the closest relative of cultivated sunflower, for reduced palmitic and stearic acids concentrations, to determine their stability and to explore the possibility of introgressing the reduced saturated fatty acid genes into cultivated sunflower.
		The reduced levels of saturated fatty acids observed in the original population appear to be stable, indicating the reduced levels of palmitic and stearic acids have a genetic base and the potential to be introgressed into cultivated sunflower.
		Preliminary information indicates that palmitic and stearic acids in sunflower oil can be reduced by introducing genes from a population of a wild annual progenitor into cultivated sunflower.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=142131 (1087 words)

	Stearic Acid Absorption and Its Metabolizable Energy Value Are Minimally Lower than Those of Other Fatty Acids in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid that, in contrast to
		Stearic acid is one of the major saturated fatty acids in the
		Livesey, G. (2000) The absorption of stearic acid from triacylglycerols: an inquiry and analysis.
	www.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/133/12/4129 (4318 words)

	Stearic Acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic acid is an example of a fatty acid.
		Fatty acids are long molecules consisting of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) at the end.
		Per convention, carbon atoms are gray, hydrogen atoms are white, and oxygen atoms are red.
	chemlabs.uoregon.edu /GeneralResources/models/stearic_acid.html (257 words)

	Stearic Acid May Not Raise Cholesterol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic Acid May Not Raise Cholesterol -------------------------------------- A Penn State study of stearic acid -- the saturated fat in beef and chocolate -- may explain how that fat actually lowers blood cholesterol.
		Cells treated with stearic acid produced much lower levels of triglyceride than did cells treated with fatty acids from either palm oil or coconut oil.
		When Yeh and Pai measured the size of VLDL particles that were secreted by the cells, they found that particles treated with stearic acid were almost twice as large as particles from cells treated with the fats from palm oil or coconut oil.
	www.penpages.psu.edu /penpages_reference/11318/11318146.HTML (400 words)

	Pristerene Stearic acids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic acid can be used to provide structure in bar soaps.
		In paper chemicals, stearic acid is used in the manufacture of solid AKDs.
		Stearic acid is used as the starting molecule in the vulcanization process for the manufacture of tires.
	www.uniqema.com /chem/lit/PI5/page2.htm (127 words)

	Nutrition Today: Effects of dietary stearic acid on plasma lipids and thrombosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic acid is a unique, long-chain SFA (C18:0) that does not raise blood cholesterol levels.
		Interest in the cholesterolemic effects of stearic acid was renewed in 1988 when Bonanome and Grundy demonstrated that stearic acid was hypocholesterolemic compared to palmitic acid.
		The CB diet was high (11% of kcal) in stearic acid whereas the B diet was high (4.3% of kcal) in myristic and lauric acids.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0841/is_n3_v28/ai_14071545 (1311 words)

	Nutrition Research Newsletter: Effect of stearic acid on blood cholesterol: review - Fats and Fatty Acids
		This review describes the evidence pertaining to stearic acid, the 18-carbon saturated fatty acid, which is a major component of cocoa butter and beef fat.
		In a study published in 1988, the effects of palmitic (16 carbon saturated), stearic, and oleic (18 carbon monounsaturated) fatty acids were compared in a three-diet rotation.
		The decrease in plasma cholesterol caused by switching from palmitic to stearic acid was actually slightly greater than that caused by switching from palmitic to oleic.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0887/is_n6_v11/ai_12448658 (350 words)

	The World Market for Palmitic Acid, Stearic Acid, and Their Salts and Esters: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective
		I have developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for palmitic acid, stearic acid, and their salts and esters for those countries serving the world market via exports or supplying from various countries via imports.
		Combined, Chapters 3 and 4 present the complete picture for imports and exports of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and their salts and esters to and from all major countries in the world.
		The SITC code that defined "palmitic acid, stearic acid, and their salts and esters" is 51376.
	www.mindbranch.com /products/R307-5849.html (708 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Saturated Palmitic and Stearic Fatty Acids in Populations of Helianthus Annuus from the ...
		The combined 58 g/kg palmitic and stearic acids is almost 50% lower than the present level of these fatty acids in sunflower oil.
		In the greenhouse, palmitic acid of this population averaged 40 g/kg, while stearic acid averaged 19 g/kg.
		This would indicate that palmitic and stearic fatty acids have a genetic base with the potential for selection and incorporation into cultivated sunflower to lower the present level of saturated fats in sunflower oil.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=133553 (374 words)

	Modern Studies Discovery Activity
		The stearic acid molecules line up with their hydrophilic acid heads attached to the surface of the water, represented here by the horizontal line, and their hydrophobic tails sticking up away from the surface of the water.
		First of all, notice that the length of a molecule of stearic acid is the thickness of the thin film.
		Using the volume of stearic acid in a drop and the approximate volume of a stearic acid molecule from #8, find the number of molecules of stearic acid in one of your films.
	www.uky.edu /~holler/msc/discover/mole/mole.html (1127 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Such high stearic oils are oils of which the stearic acid content is higher than the content of the corresponding wild type oils which means that their content of stearic acid residues is at least 12 wt.
		High stearic oils have been described in EP 741511 and WO The triglyceride composition of such oils is known from standard analysis.
		It was obtained by blending a stearin fraction of a sunflower variety with high stearic and high oleic content according to WO 01/96507 (example 1), a high stearic soybean oil as described in WO 97/28695 (example 1) and generic sunflower oil in the weight ratio 35: 10: 55 respectively.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/71876.030904&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3150 words)

	191. Salts of myristic, palmitic/stearic acid/bases accepted/food use (FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series 46a) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		SALTS OF MYRISTIC, PALMITIC AND STEARIC ACID WITH BASES ACCEPTED FOR FOOD USE Biological Data Biochemical aspects Myristic, Palmitic and Stearic acid is the naturally occurring fatty acid component of tallow and other animal fats and oils as well as some vegetable oils.
		Stearic acid decreases the incorporation of acetyl Co A into fatty acids by liver homogenate fractions (Korchak & Masoro 1964).
		Comments Myristic, palmitic and stearic acid and their salts are normal products of the metabolism of fats and their metabolic fate is well established.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46aje59.htm (378 words)

	MS Specialty Nutrition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Properties such as stearic acid’s higher melting point and lower solubility have led to speculation that palmitic acid digestibility may be higher than stearic acid and therefore that Ca-SOAPS may be more digestible than FFAs.
		Since rumen bacteria synthesize stearic acid and biohydrogenate oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, converting them into stearic acid, more stearic acid may be found in the feces than was fed. In fact, the amount of stearic acid leaving the rumen may be up to 10 times the amount that the cow actually consumes.
		A summary of eight trials determined that total intestinal digestibility of stearic acid was 71% while palmitic acid was 76%.
	www.milkspecialties.com /specialties/nutrdig_v4.html (655 words)

	IngentaConnect The absorption of stearic acid from triacylglycerols: an inquiry ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Although stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid, its influence on plasma cholesterol acid other health variables is neutral; possibly owing in part to poor absorption.
		Analysis shows that apparent digestibility of stearic acid is associated with stearoyl density within the triacylglycerol molecule and that, in Salatrims, the occurrence of short-chain fatty acids in place of long-chain fatty acids increases this density.
		Reduced digestibility of stearic acid from Salatrim 23CA also appears to be attributable to reduced digestibility of di- and monostearoylglycerols and is particularly due to remnants with the 1- or 3-stearoylglycerol intact after initial hydrolytic cleavage.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/cabi/nrr/2000/00000013/00000002/art00004 (609 words)

	The World Market for Palmitic Acid, Stearic Acid, and Their Salts and Esters: A 2005 Global Trade Perspective
		The total level of imports and exports on a worldwide basis, and those for each region, is based on a model which aggregates across over 150 key country markets and projects these to the current year.
		Of the 150 countries considered, if a country is not reported here it is therefore estimated to have only a negligible level of trade in palmitic acid, stearic acid, and their salts and esters (i.e.
		This report was created for the market for palmitic acid, stearic acid, and their salts and esters.
	www.mindbranch.com /listing/product/R307-8176.html (1099 words)

	Mistletoe Creations - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is used at a rate of 3-5% of the total ingredients of the recipe.
		Stearic Acid is naturally found in vegetable butters.
		It is a thickener used in lotions, and creates the the pearlized look found in high quality lotions.
	www.mistletoecreations.com /modules.php?name=Encyclopedia (4102 words)

	Stearic Acid Molecule Length (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		And these nearly identical conformations have a different chain length, so it isn't possible to give a single "length" to the stearic acid molecule.
		In solution, as opposed to molten stearic acid, even more conformations are possible due to solvent interactions.
		water or alcohol) the hydrophobic "tail" tends to curl up around itself, or even form aggregates of stearic acid with the hydrophobic tails on the "inside" of the aggregate and the polar carboxyl group on the surface of the aggregate facing toward the polar solvent.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem03/chem03420.htm (184 words)

	Media Portfolio
		Stick models embedded in electrostatic potential maps of stearic acid and linoleic acid.
		Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid (found in saturated fats).
		Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature.
	wps.prenhall.com /wps/media/objects/724/741576/chapter_26.html (687 words)

	Strivectin SD Ingredient: Stearic Acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stearic Acid (Rubber Grade) is a mixture of saturated fatty acids composed primarily of octadecanoic (Stearic) ACTIVATORS- STEARIC ACID RG.
		Stearic acid is a saturated acid, since there Stearic Acid and Sodium Stearate.
		Stearic Acid is a typical example of a fatty acid, which are essentially long hydrocarbon chains containing a carboxyl group at one end and a methyl group at the other.
	strivectin-sd.estorerate.com /_Stearic+Acid_ingredient.html (1149 words)

	259. Salts of myristic, palmitic and stearic acids (WHO Food Additives Series 5)
		labelled stearic acid to two groups of four male rats resulted in the formation of labelled cholesterol which was widely distributed within 24 hours after administration (De Leo & Foti, 1961).
		Stearic acid is only 24% digestible as measured by fat ingested and excreted in male rats fed seven to eight days 10% of stearic acid in their diet (Carroll & Richards, 1958).
		Provided the contribution of the cations does not add excessively to the normal body load there is no need to consider the use of these substances in any different light to that of dietary fatty acids.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v05je03.htm (569 words)

	Stearic acid, vegetable-derived, 1 lb.: essential oils, fragrance oils, aromatherapy, soap making, bottles and jars ...
		Stearic acid occurs naturally in butter acids, tallow, and other animal fats and oils.
		Stearic acid, sometimes referred to as stearin, is a non-toxic additive that increases the opacity and hardness of candles.
		Candles will burn longer and have an improved surface when stearic acid is used.
	www.bestdeal.org /Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=Essential&Product_Code=STE-1 (144 words)

	Glycerine, stearic acid, caprylic, lauric, palmitic, myristic, capric acid \| Manufacturers - exporters
		Glycerine, stearic acid, caprylic, lauric, palmitic, myristic, capric acid
		Stearic Acid : Stearic Acid is used widely in Cosmetics, Candles, Rubber industries, Lubricants, hardening of Soaps, Shoe and Metal Polishes.
		Caprylic Acid : Caprylic acid is an 8-carbon fatty acid that is produced in the body, and is a component of coconut oil.
	www.asiantradelinkindia.com /chemicals_healthcare_pharmaceuticals_oleochemicals.html (378 words)

	Vegetarian Diets, Vegetarian/Vegan Nutrition, Vegetarianism Vegetarian Vitamin Store
		It is a common food additive, which is often used to condition dough or to blend together ingredients that do not normally blend, such as oil and water.
		Royal jelly is a substance produced by the glands of bees and used as a source of B vitamins, minerals, and amino acids.
		Stearic acid is used as a binder in foods, and its source may be either animal or vegetable.
	www.vegetarianvitamin.com /html/veggie.html (2678 words)

	Bluegrass Candle Supply - Additives
		Stearic acid (or just Stearic, as it is often called) is used as a hardener for all types of wax...it's not just "a Soy thing".
		Stearic makes the candle more solid and can also increase burn time.
		NOTE: Our stearic is made from pure Malaysian coconut oil, and has an approximate melt point of 140 °F. This is certified Kosher vegetable-based stearic, not one of the tallow (animal fat) based formulas found at many places.
	bluegrasscandlesupply.com /additives.htm (280 words)

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