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Topic: Stegotext

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Steganography

Digital watermark

Codetext

Covert channel

Digital image

Chaffing and winnowing

Colour component

Microdot

Null cipher

Cipher

Bit

Johannes Trithemius

First edition

Block cipher

Baconian method

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	In cryptography cryptography stegotext is the analog of encrypt encrypted text...
		In cryptography cryptography, "stegotext" is the analog of encrypt encrypted text (eg, cyphertext cyphertext).
		The stegotext in this case was the doll orders; the 'plaintext' being concealed was itself a codetext codetext giving information about ship movements, etc. Her case became somewhat famous and she became known as the Doll Woman.
		In this case the stegotext is the image, innocuous on a cursory inspection — a pet pet, for instance, or a landscape.
	www.biodatabase.de /stegotext (453 words)

	A CLASS OF STEGANOGRAPHIC PROTOCOLS
		The sender must be able to vary certain parameters of the stegotext such as the message to random data ratio.
		The stegotext is then shifted by one bit to regain alignment and the comparison is continued to find the next bit.
		The message is easily extracted by comparing the random data with the stegotext and noting where a bit is different plus its value.
	www.cix.co.uk /~klockstone/stegprot.htm (1478 words)

	Stegotext - InformationBlast
		In cryptography, stegotext is the analog of encrypted text (eg, cyphertext).
		The stegotext in this case was the doll orders; the 'plaintext' being concealed was itself a codetext giving information about ship movements, etc. Her case became somewhat famous and she became known as the Doll Woman.
		In this case the stegotext is the image, innocuous on a cursory inspection — a pet, for instance, or a landscape.
	www.informationblast.com /Stegotext.html (397 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Ciphertext
		If the emcrypted message is transmitted over some shared medium (eg, the Internet, in smoke skignals or via drums) or an eavesdroppable medium (eg, the tradtional telephone system), a third party can easily see that there is some data being transferred, and can most likely determine that it is encrypted.
		Using steganography the cyphertext (called stegotext) appears to be some harmless data, for example a photograph.
		The message is encoded into the image (in, say, the least significant bit of the data for each pixel in the image) and is not obviously visible.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ci/Ciphertext (146 words)

	Steganography
		Generally a steganographic message will appear to be something else, like a shopping list, an article, a picture, or some other "cover" message.
		Steganographic messages are typically first encrypted by some traditional means, and then a covertext is modified in some way to contain the encrypted message, resulting in stegotext.
		For example, the letter size, spacing, typeface, or other characteristics of a covertext can be manipulated to carry the hidden message; only the recipient (who must know the technique used) can recover the message and then decrypt it.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/di/Digital_watermark.html (551 words)

	Steganography (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Steganographic messages are typically first encrypted by some traditional means, and then a covertext is modified in some way to contain the encrypted message, resulting in stegotext.
		For example, the letter size, spacing, typeface, or other characteristics of a covertext can be manipulated to carry the hidden message; only the recipient (who must know the technique used) can recover the message and then decrypt it.
		In general, terminology analogous to (and consistent with) more conventional radio and communications technology is used; however, a brief description of some terms which show up in software specifically, and are easily confused, is appropriate.
	uncover.us /en/wikipedia/s/st/steganography.html (1418 words)

	ciphertext (Site not responding. Last check: )
		If the encrypted message is transmitted over some shared medium (eg, the Internet, in smoke signals or via drums) or an eavesdroppable medium (eg, the traditional telephone system), a third party can easily see that there is some data being transferred, and can most likely determine that it is encrypted.
		Using steganography the cyphertext (called stegotext) appears to be some harmless data, for example a photograph.
		The message is encoded into the image (in, say, the least significant bit of the data for each pixel in the image) and is not obviously visible.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Ciphertext.html (171 words)

	Steganography -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For example, the letter size, spacing, (A specific size and style of type within a type family) typeface, or other characteristics of a covertext can be manipulated to carry the hidden message; only the recipient (who must know the technique used) can recover the message and then decrypt it.
		She was a dealer in (A small replica of a person; used as a toy) dolls, and her letters discussed how many of this or that doll to ship.
		The stegotext in this case was the doll orders; the 'plaintext' being concealed was itself a (Click link for more info and facts about codetext) codetext giving information about ship movements, etc. Her case became somewhat famous and she became known as the Doll Woman.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/st/steganography.htm (1490 words)

	[extropy-chat] codes in scam letters
		Such misspellings may be a weakness and indicate hand encryption and poor stegotext.
		The use of screens would be possible (assuming your destination printer formatted the letter to the same scale, margins, etc) or simply a key the receiver got when in training (sequence of numbers indicating space between cipertext letters in stegotext) would be more reliable.
		Such a key could simply be the receivers name in ascii values, for easy remembering, leaving the burden on the enemy to know the receivers name (leaving the possibility of brute forcing with a database of all possible names).
	lists.extropy.org /pipermail/extropy-chat/2005-September/020398.html (283 words)

	CiteULike: On causal and semicausal codes for joint information embedding and source coding
		A source of random message bits is to be embedded into a covertext modeled as a discrete memoryless source (DMS), resulting in a stegotext from which the embedded bits should be recoverable.
		A causal code for such a scenario consists of an encoder that generates the stegotext as a causal function of the message bits and the covertext, and a decoder that reproduces the message bits as a causal function of the stegotext.
		We analyze the possible tradeoffs among: a) the distortion between the stegotext and the covertext, b) the compressibility of the stegotext, and c) the rate at which random bits are embedded, that are achievable with causal and semicausal codes, with and without attacks on the stegotext.
	www.citeulike.org /user/harshpshah/article/493710 (505 words)

	Steganography
		Steganographic messages are typically first encrypted by some traditional means and then covertext is modified in some way to the encrypted message resulting in stegotext.
		For example the letter size spacing typeface or other characteristics of a covertext be manipulated to carry the hidden message; the recipient (who must know the technique can recover the message and then decrypt Francis Bacon is known to have suggested such technique to hide messages.
		the dots were typically extremely small -- size of a period produced by a typewriter (perhaps in font with 10 or 12 characters per or even smaller -- the stegotext was the dot was hidden within.
	www.freeglossary.com /Secret_writing (1509 words)

	Steganography: Using Covert Channels in the Information Age (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The use of a stego key is desirable for two reasons; the first being that it may make hidden data statistically harder to detect, and the second being that the stego key frustrates unauthorized attempts to obtain the hidden message from the container.
		The stego medium, or stegotext, is simply the container with the hidden message embedded within it.
		It is worth mentioning that the more data one attempts to squeeze in this channel, the more degraded the resulting stegotext will sound when compared to the original container.
	userpages.umbc.edu /~mmisam1/doc.stego.html (2838 words)

	Steganografie
		Steganographic zprávy jsou často nejprve zašifrované některými tradičními prostředky, a pak covertext je upraven v nějakém způsobu, jak obsahovat zašifrovanou zprávu, končit stegotext.
		Protože tečky byly typicky extrémně malý -- velikost období produkovala psacím strojem (možná v čele s 10 nebo 12 charakterů na palec) nebo dokonce menší -- stegotext byl kterákoliv tečka byla skryta uvnitř.
		Stegotext v tomto případě byl objednávky panenky; ' holý text ' být ukryt byl sám codetext daní informace o činnostech lodi, etc. Její případ stal se poněkud slavný a ona stala se známá jako žena Doll.
	steganografie.navajo.cz (1839 words)

	Imaging On-Line Store
		The relative entropy between covertext and stegotext determines the steganalyzer's difficulty in discriminating them, which in turn defines the detectability of the stegosystem.
		We consider the case of Gaussian random covertexts and mean-squared embedding constraint.
		We derive a lower bound on the relative entropy between covertext and stegotext for block-based embedding functions.
	www.imaging.org /store/epub.cfm?abstrid=31787 (163 words)

	Steganography (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Load the first image, apply the logical and operation with the number 3 to the image, and make the image 85 times brighter, and you get thesecond image.
		Steganographic messages are typically first encrypted by sometraditional means, and then a covertext is modified in some way to contain the encrypted message, resulting in stegotext.
		For example, the letter size, spacing, typeface, or other characteristics of a covertext can be manipulated to carry the hiddenmessage; only the recipient (who must know the technique used) can recover the message and then decrypt it.
	www.therfcc.org /steganography-4108.html (1228 words)

	[WM]: Cohen and Lapidoth's paper "The Guassian=20Watermarking Game"
		Cohen and Lapidoth make the = claim that under this average distortion constraint there is no possible capacity achievable (which seems to be contrary to Moulin's = conclusions).
		Essentially they show that by randomly setting the values of some of the stegotext to zero with a probability = 'p' that does not cause them to exceed the avg.
		Thanks, Chris (Remember to post to the list) P.S. for anyone who cares p=3Dmin{(D2/s + e + sqrt(D1))^2, 1} where s is = the standard deviation of the stegotext, e is epsilon > 0 but small and D1 and D2 are the embedder and attackers constraints = respectively.
	www.watermarkingworld.org /WMMLArchive/0304/msg00032.html (482 words)

	Copy Detection, Message Hiding and DRM
		A more sophisticated solution to the copy detection problem is known as steganography which means the art of hiding secret information, known as stegotext, inside other information or covertext.
		In many cases the stegotext will be encrypted, making this more difficult to detect.
		The canary trap is a name given to a technique enabling someone creating and distributing a number of slightly different versions of an information package to identify the party responsible for unauthorised disclosure or copying of it.
	copsewood.net /tic/sectheory/drm/content_protection.html (3346 words)

	Cyphertext - Wikinfo
		Traffic analysis of multiple such messages may, of course, provide other information.
		Using steganography the cyphertext (more properly called stegotext as it need not be processed by a cypher) appears to be some harmless data, for example a photograph.
		The message is included in the image (eg, in the least significant bit of data for each pixel in the image) and is not obviously visible.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Ciphertext (796 words)

	Encryption detection (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Because encrypted data is easy to detect, people have tried to conceal when communication is taking place by hiding the existence of the message or data.
		A steganographic message is often first encrypted and then a "covertext," such as a picture or document, is modified in some way to include the encrypted message, resulting in stegotext.
		Nowadays, a popular steganographic method buries data in the mass of pixels in digital video and audio images.
	whatis.techtarget.com /ateQuestionNResponse/0,289625,sid14_gci1122878_tax301707,00.html (297 words)

	Cyphertext - InformationBlast
		Traffic analysis of multiple such messages may, of course, provide other information.
		Using steganography the cyphertext (more properly called stegotext as it need not be processed by a cypher) appears to be some harmless data, for example a photograph.
		The message is included in the image (eg, in the least significant bit of data for each pixel in the image) and is not obviously visible.
	www.informationblast.com /Cyphertext.html (238 words)

	Investz.com - Books : Dictionary of the Future: The Words, Terms and Trends That Define the Way We'll Live, Work and ...
		Obviously, her new collaborator, this Adam Hanft fellow, adds a level of gravitas and ballast that Faith did not have access to earlier.
		My favorite words were: free range children, stegotext (the authors anticpated the events of September 11th), karoke managers, Silicon Republic and happiness set point (have you found yours yet?)
		Her earlier books were frothy and insubstantial, lacking substance and simply restating the obvious with a superficial twist.
	www.investz.com /shop/buy.cgi?Operation=ItemLookup&myOperation=CustomerReviews&ItemId=0786866578&ReviewPage=2 (716 words)

	Secret Messages Come in .Wavs
		But embedding a one-bit message -- a yes or a no -- in a 1 MB MP3 file would be all but impossible to detect.
		"The more stegotext we give the (observer), the better he may be able to estimate the statistics of the underlying covertext, and so the smaller the rate at which Alice will be able to tweak bits safely," write researchers Ross Anderson and Fabien Petitcolas in a 1998 paper.
		They say: "Given a covertext in which any ciphertext at all can be embedded, then there will usually be a certain rate at which its bits can be tweaked without (anyone) noticing."
	www.wired.com /news/politics/0,1283,41861,00.html (1483 words)

	New Dictionary of the Future Predicts the Way We'll Live, Work and Talk
		Written by internationally renowned trend forecaster and founder of the marketing consultancy BrainReserve, Inc., Faith Popcorn, and author, business strategist and cultural critic Adam Hanft, the book includes 1,500 new, emerging and just-invented terms in 35 diverse categories, leaving no aspect of our lives untouched.
		Especially timely are the many words related to terrorism, including "distance terrorism," "terror entrepreneurs," and "stegotext" -- the practice of hiding terrorist messages in otherwise harmless Web sites.
		In fact, Popcorn and Hanft note in their book that terrorists today are "striving for a new level of destructiveness." However, the authors' foresight is not limited to terrorism and other vices.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/12-13-2001/0001633340&EDATE= (529 words)

	Wired News: Secret Messages Come in .Wavs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		But embedding a one-bit message -- a yes or a no -- in a 1 MB MP3 file would be all but impossible to detect.
		"The more stegotext we give the (observer), the better he may be able to estimate the statistics of the underlying covertext, and so the smaller the rate at which Alice will be able to tweak bits safely," write researchers Ross Anderson and Fabien Petitcolas in a 1998 paper.
		They say: "Given a covertext in which any ciphertext at all can be embedded, then there will usually be a certain rate at which its bits can be tweaked without (anyone) noticing."
	wired.com /news/school/0,1383,41861-3,00.html?tw=wn_story_page_next2 (599 words)

	limits of watermarking (Re: First Steganographic Image in the Wild)
		So I presume your discussion on the applicability of stego techniques to the detection of unauthorised copying refers to the framework where content is personalised by having something identifying the purchaser encoded in it at time of delivery to the purchaser.
		Steganography means hiding the existance of a message -- making it hard to distinguish content without a stegotext from content with a stegotext embedded in it.
		Copymarks are about making it hard for the user to remove the message without massively degrading the quality (*).
	www.mail-archive.com /cryptography@wasabisystems.com/msg01193.html (731 words)

	Cryptology ePrint Archive
		Abstract: We define the notion of adative chosen stegotext security.
		We then construct \emph{efficient} public key steganographic schemes secure against adaptively chosen stegotext attacks, without resort to any special existence assumption such as unbiased functions.
		Publication Info: A preliminary version was sent to Eurocrypt 2003 (last year)
	eprint.iacr.org /2003/244 (92 words)

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