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Topic: Stele (biology)

	Stele (biology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In a vascular plant, the stele is the central part of the root or stem containing the vascular tissue and occasionally a pith.
		The concept of the stele was developed in the late nineteenth century by P.
		This type of stele is rare among living plants, but is found in stems of the whisk fern, Psilotum.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stele_(biology) (527 words)

	Stele - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stele is also a concept in plant biology.
		A stele (or stela) is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerary or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased or living—inscribed, carved in relief (bas-relief, sunken-relief, high-relief, etc), or painted onto the slab.
		An informative stele of Tiglath-Pileser III is preserved in the British Museum.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stele (386 words)

	Cortex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The cortex is the pale green tissue between the outer epidermis and the stele (vascular bundles) in the centre.
		Cortical bundles branch off from stele bundles and from leaf/bud traces, then run outward, tangentially and upward through the cortex, branching extensively and vascularizing all regions of the cortex.
		obesa, achieves its width by widening its stele: it has a broad pith that spreads its set of vascular bundles into a ring with a wide diameter, which is in turn surrounded by a cortex that is only moderately thick.
	www.cactus-art.biz /note-book/Dictionary/Dictionary_C/dictionary_cortex.htm (546 words)

	Stele (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The stele is the central cylinder of conductive tissue, inside the cortex, in the stem or root of a vascular plant, consisting of the vascular tissue together with supporting tissues and its associated ground tissues.
		The vascular bundles in the stele are arranged in a ring.
		Although vascular tissues consist of two types of transport tissues, xylem and phloem, diverse arrangements of vascular tissues within the bundles and of vascular bundles in the stele evolved in different vascular plants
	www.cactus-art.biz /note-book/Dictionary/Dictionary_S/dictionary_stele.htm (144 words)

	Lab I - Plant Structure (3)
		The plant stele consists of the primary vascular system of the plant axis (stem) and its associated ground tissues (e.g., pith).
		The stele consists solely of primary tissues differentiated from procambial strands derived from the apical meristem.
		Because phloem is rarely preserved on fossils (because the cell walls are not reinforced with lignin, these cells are often crushed or destroyed chemically during preservation), it is the structure of the xylem --particularly primary xylem-- that is of particular interest for paleobotany.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /IB181/VPL/Ana/Ana3.html (773 words)

	Duke Biology: Sitemap
		Comparison of gene transcription with protein localization indicates that SHR moves in a highly specific manner from the cells of the stele in which it is synthesized outward.
		First, we show that subcellular localization of SHR in the stele is intrinsic to the SHR protein.
		Thus, in contrast to proteins that move by a process resembling diffusion, a cytoplasmic pool of SHR is not sufficient for movement.
	fds.duke.edu /db/aas/Biology/faculty/philip.benfey/publications/29677 (171 words)

	Biology 122 terms for weeks 7 to 10 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		a leaf that produces a leaf gap within the stele of the stem, and has branching veins within it; occurs in all vascular plant groups except the lycophytes and the leafless psilophytes; megaphylls evolved by the steps of overtopping, planation and webbing of small branch systems
		non-vascular tissue occurring in the center of a root or stem (within the ring of vascular tissue); usually the pith is made of parenchyma tissue; a stele with pith is a siphonostele, and one without pith is a protostele
		a stele that has pith in the center (protostele is the other major category of steles)
	web.mala.bc.ca /mcmillan/biology122terms1.htm (1119 words)

	CEPCEB - Center for Plant Cell Biology at UC Riverside
		In the areas of the root where the expression of the SHR and SCR proteins does not overlap, these proteins show differences in subcellular localization and the ability to traffic between cells.
		The SHR protein is present both in the cytoplasm and nuclei of stele cells; whereas SCR is restricted to nuclei.
		Thus, inter-specific variation in UGT function acts to modulate drug sensitivity across biological kingdoms suggesting that Arabidopsis may be a good model for exploring the mechanisms of pharmacogenetic variation.
	www.cepceb.ucr.edu /news/seminarsInterviews2006.htm (771 words)

	Tomescu, Alexandru Mihail Florian. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701.
		The study of the leaf trace divergence necessitated the use of a deformation model to help reconstructing the original position of the cauline bundles in the compressed stele.
		The cauline bundles divide radially and the leaf traces diverge from the stele at very low angle, extending through five internodes before entering the leaf bases.
	www.ou.edu /cas/botany-micro/botany2000/section8/abstracts/19.shtml (311 words)

	IPM of organic strawberries
		The red stele fungus may become active at a soil temperature of 40 F. However, the optimum soil temperature for growth and disease development is between 55-60 F. Under favorable conditions of high soil moisture and cool temperatures, plants will show typical disease symptoms within 10 days after infection.
		The inside or central portion of the root is known as the stele.
		If the stele is pink to brick red or brownish red, the plant has the red stele disease (Figure 13).
	www.oardc.ohio-state.edu /fruitpathology/organic/strawberry/all-strawberries.html (6196 words)

	Introductory Biology: Lab 9 for 71.125 - Glossary
		A secondary tissue produced by the cork cambium, and forms the outer part of the periderm in a woody plant.
		The region of the root between the stele and epidermis filled with ground tissue.
		The innermost layer of the plant cortex which surrounds the stele in plants.
	www.umanitoba.ca /science/biology/lab9/biolab9_gloss.html (1041 words)

	Stela Did You Mean stela
		A stela (or stele) is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerary or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased, or living, inscribed, carved in relief or painted onto the slab.
		They were widely used in the Ancient Near East, Greece and Egypt, and, quite independently, in China and some Buddhist cultures (see the Nestorian Stele), and, more surely independently, by Mesoamerican civilisations, notably the Maya.
		A Buddhist Stela from China, Northern Wei period, built in the early 6th century.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Stela.html (252 words)

	Fossilized Plants
		Instead, it has a central stele composed of numerous arcs that represent the vascular bundles of xylem tissue.
		Note the central stele region containing arcs of xylem tissue (vascular bundles).
		The structure of this stem is quite different from the concentric growth rings of conifers and dicots, and from the scattered vascular bundles of palms.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /fossil.htm (912 words)

	Biology 2402 Lecture Notes - Water Transport (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		However, the inner boundary of the cortex, the endodermis, is impervious to water because of a band of suberized matrix called the casparian strip.
		Therefore, to enter the stele, apoplastic water must enter the symplasm of the endodermal cells.
		Once inside the stele, water is again free to move between cells as well as through them.
	www.ualr.edu /botany/transpiration.html (1580 words)

	The world's top stele forest websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Stele Forest (碑林; pinyin: Bēilín), aka Xi'an Stele Forest Museum or Xi'an Beilin Museum, is a museum for steles and stone sculptures which is located in Xi'an, China.
		The Stele Forest was built in the Song Dynasty(1087) for the preservation of Kaichengshijing Stele which made in the Tang Dynasty.
		It collects nearly 3000 steles and it is the biggest museum for steles in China.
	www.websbiggest.com /wiki-article-tab.cfm/stele_forest (167 words)

	Mount Saint Vincent- Biology Department (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Drosophila eyes absent (eya) gene is required in the development of the compound eye: without it, progenitor cells in the eye imaginal disc undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis), resulting in eyeless flies.
		Many botanists have assumed that all the cells in the terminal meristem are proliferacive and that the tissues expand exponentially.
		Department of Biology, Manhattan College/College of Mount Saint Vincent, Riverdale.
	www.mountsaintvincent.edu /academics/majors_and_programs/biology2/ecsc00.html (2599 words)

	Division of Biology: 100-level - The University of the South Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The course introduces students to the diversity of form and function within the plant kingdom (including the photosynthetic protists and algae).
		Because of their special importance, angiosperms will be studied in greater detail including structural, reproductive and physiological adaptations, with a review of the major families and identification of the local flora.
		This course is designed to give all students intending to major or minor in biology a basic grounding in the diversity, functional morphology, evolution and natural history of the major invertebrate and vertebrate groups.
	www.usp.ac.fj /index.php?id=bio_100level (631 words)

	Articles - Stele (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A stele (or stela) is a stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected for funerary or commemorative purposes, most usually decorated with the names and titles of the deceased or livingâ€”inscribed, carved in relief (bas relief, sunken relief, raised relief, etc), or painted onto the slab.
		They were widely used in the Ancient Near East, Greece and Egypt, and, quite independently, in China and some Buddhist cultures (see the Nestorian Stele), and, more surely independently, by Mesoamerican civilisations, notably the Olmec and Maya.
		Unfinished standing stones, set up without inscriptions from Libya in North Africa to Scotland were monuments of pre-literate Megalithic cultures in the Late Stone Age.
	www.worldhammock.com /articles/Stele (356 words)

	A broad competence to respond to SHORT ROOT revealed by tissue-specific ectopic expression -- Sena et al. 131 (12): ...
		The fusion protein SHR::GFP is found in the epidermis as well as in the mutant ground tissue layer (B), whereas no RNA expression of SHR::GFP is detectable in the mutant layer of the scr-4 root (D), indicating movement of the fusion protein from the epidermis to the mutant layer.
		Movement of SHR protein (asterisks) from the stele is limited to the adjacent layer (red arrows), while the competence to respond to SHR extends beyond the zone of movement.
		The fact that competence to respond to SHR exists outside of the zone of SHR movement highlights the crucial role of regulated SHR movement in root radial patterning.
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/figsonly/131/12/2817 (1123 words)

	RedOrbit NEWS \| Frontiers of plant cell biology
		The 22nd Symposium in Plant Biology (January 15th to 18th, 2003) hosted by the University of California-Riverside (UCR) focused on systems-based approaches to plant cell biology research.
		In contrast to PIN1 that is localized to the lower PM face of root stele cells, AUX1 is asymmetrically localized to the upper plasma membrane (PM) face of protophloem cells but exhibits a nonpolar distribution in the PM of lateral root cap cells.
		The powerful predictive abilities of systems biology were underscored by Timothy Galitski's (Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle) talk on the signaling network controlling the developmental transition of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) to a filamentous form under conditions of low nitrogen.
	www.redorbit.com /modules/news/tools.php?tool=print&id=10305 (6143 words)

	Faculty of Biology: Molecular Genetics - Root Development Group: research-transcrframe
		The specification of cell types by transcription factors is a common theme in developmental biology.
		Accordingly, SHORTROOT and SCARECROW protein reside in the nuclei of a single cell layer surrounding the stele.
		SHR is transcribed in the stele and the protein moves outward, whereas SCR is expressed in the same layer where the protein is found.
	www.bio.uu.nl /mg/pd/research/transcrframe.html (370 words)

	Can Ca2+ Fluxes to the Root Xylem Be Sustained by Ca2+-ATPases in Exodermal and Endodermal Plasma Membranes? -- Hayter ...
		the plasmalemma on the stele side of this structure.
		the plasma membranes on the stele side of the endodermis.
		the plasmalemmas of the endodermal passage cells on the stele
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/136/4/4318 (4491 words)

	Stem & Root Anatomy
		The tissue between the prongs of the star is phloem.
		The central xylem and phloem is surrounded by an endodermis, and the entire central structure is called a stele.
		Microscopic view of the root of a buttercup (Ranunculus) showing the central stele and 4-pronged xylem.
	waynesword.palomar.edu /trjune99.htm (2149 words)

	2153template
		This part of the lab is meant to summarize the different types of steles.
		Stelar arrangement is often a useful attribute in the discussion of classification and relationship of vascular plants.
		Each bundle has a central core of xylem which in turn is surrounded by cylinder of phloem and an endodermis.
	io.uwinnipeg.ca /~simmons/2153/lb1pg7.htm (322 words)

	New Page 1
		I took Regents and AP Biology in high school, and now hope to major in biology at Washington and Lee.
		My favorite areas of biology include physiology, and studying how and why different organisms act as they do.
		We learned that cell death travels from the meristem, where cell division occurs, to the central elongation zone to the stele, the mature part of the root where vascular tissue is found.
	home.wlu.edu /~roperj/bio182 (428 words)

	M
		Molecular biology of the cell, 1994 : By Bruce Alberts et al; Garland publishing New York.
		Cell and molecular biology, 1987 : By DeRobertis and DeRobertis, Lee and Febiger, Washington.
		Morphology, anatomy and reproduction; classification; evolution of stele; heterospory and origin of seed habit; general account of fossi pteriodophyta; introduction to Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida and Pteropsida.
	www.spuvvn.edu /pgd/biosciences/syllabi/botany.htm (2731 words)

	BBC - GCSE Bitesize - SOS Teacher Biology plants plant roots
		The inner boundary of the cortex (Latin for "bark of a tree, which now means "outer layer") of the root, called the endodermis, (inner-skin) is impervious to water because of a band of material that does not let water through, called the casparian strip.
		Therefore, to enter the stele part of the root, any water that is traveling though the cell walls of the spaces between must move into a living part of the cell, and travel through a cell membrane to get past this point.
		In young roots, water enters directly into the xylem vessels and/or tracheids, or conducting tissue, as you call it in your question.
	www.bbc.co.uk /schools/gcsebitesize/sosteacher/biology/43997.shtml (629 words)

	unit6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Molecular biology is revolutionizing the study of plants
		Plant biology reflects the major themes in the study of life
		stele- The central vascular cylinder in roots where xylem and phloem are located.
	www.harwich.edu /depts/hhssci/unit6.html (3683 words)

	GenBiolLabs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Examine prepared slides of root sections, and with the aid of Figures 39c and 39d, identify the epidermis, cortex, parenchyma (large, "empty" cells at the bottom of this image), endodermis, stele, xylem, and proto-phloem.
		Situated between the xylem and the phloem, is a layer of meristematic tissue, the vascular cambium (not labeled in the figures).
		The pericycle (also not labeled), another layer of meristematic tissue, exists just inside the endodermis of the stele.
	www.rit.edu /~jbjsbi/genbiol/alllabs.htm (13976 words)

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