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	Steve Biko - MSN Encarta
		Stephen Biko (1946-1977), South African political leader of the late 1960s, who became known as a martyr for fl nationalism upon his death in prison.
		In 1972 Biko was expelled for his political activities, which were directed at the white-minority government of South Africa and its restrictive racial policies, known as apartheid.
		Biko sought to liberate the minds of Africans, arguing that liberation grows out of “the realization by the Blacks that the most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed.” He was one of the founders of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) in the late 1960s.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761579479/Biko_Stephen.html (320 words)

	Steve Biko Biography and Summary
		Steve Biko (1946-1977), a political activist and writer, is regarded as the father of the Black Consciousness movement in the Union of South Africa.
		Biko, Stephen SOUTH AFRICAN ACTIVIST 1946–1977 A prominent anti-apartheid activist, Stephen Biko is known principally for his work in raising self-consciousness and pride among South African fls.
		Stephen Bantu Biko(18 December 1946 – 12 September 1977) was a noted nonviolent anti- apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s.
	www.bookrags.com /Steve_Biko (203 words)

	Stephen Biko (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Biko was an exponent of the Black Consciousness philosophy who developed intellectually and emerged with others out of the changing literate African population in the major urban centres during the 1960s.
		Biko was scathingly critical of white liberals who 'could skilfully extract what suits them from the exclusive pool of white privileges'; and he was resentful that Blacks were experiencing a situation from which they were unable to escape.
		Biko's death caught the attention of the international community, which increased their pressure on the South African government to abolish its detention policies and called for an international probe on the cause of his death.
	www.sahistory.org.za /pages/people/biko,s.htm (2933 words)

	stephen Biko
		On september 12, 1977, Stephen Biko, an antiapartheid activist died on the filthy floor of a south african prison.
		Biko was moved from his cell into a policeman's office at security headquarters, placed on a mat, and shackled to a metal grill.
		Biko, still manacled to the metal grille, and on the same mat now soaked with urine, was once again examined.
	musicals.net /forums/archive.php/stephen-biko__o_t__t_51886.html (1040 words)

	Geographical Association - Images of Southern Africa - Bantu Stephen Biko's grave
		Bantu Stephen Biko was born in King William’s Town, in the former Homeland of the Ciskei (now part of the Eastern Cape), on 18 December 1946.
		On the 18 August 1977, Stephen Biko was arrested at a police roadblock and detained in Port Elizabeth under Section 6 of the Terrorism Act.
		The continued importance of Stephen Biko to post-apartheid South Africa, was apparent in the decision by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission made 25 years after his death - that the five individuals responsible for his death should not be granted an amnesty.
	www.geography.org.uk /events/studytours/imagesofsafrica/biko (449 words)

	Biographies of Famous South Africans - Steve Biko (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Biko was still able to continue on to college where he received a scholarship to attend St. Francis College in Natal, a liberal Catholic boarding school.
		Biko concluded that the apartheid system had a psychological effect on the Black population, which had caused Blacks to internalize and believe Whites’ racist stereotypes.
		However, the official autopsy concluded that Biko’s death was due to brain lesion caused by the “application of force to the head”.
	zar.co.za /biko.htm (670 words)

	Steve Biko - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Stephen Bantu Biko (18 December 1946 – 12 September 1977) was a noted nonviolent anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s.
		Biko was born in King Williams Town, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.
		In spite of the repression of the apartheid government, Biko and the BCM played a large role in organizing the protests which led to the Soweto riots on 16 June 1976.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Steve_Biko (1842 words)

	Steve Biko
		Stephen Bantu Biko (December 18, 1946 - September 12, 1977) was a noted anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s.
		He helped found the South African Students' Organisation[?] in 1968 and elected its first president, in 1972 he became honorary president of the Black People's Convention[?].
		In 1980 Peter Gabriel released "Biko", a song protesting against Biko's death.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/st/Stephen_Biko.html (176 words)

	Steve Biko
		In retrospect, Biko was recognized by the general population of South Africa as the father of the fl consciousness movement (Welsh 475).
		Biko deemed that the basis of the fl South Africans’ dilemma was psychological (Denenberg 96).
		Biko was not the sole anti-apartheid activist to be murdered by the police (Welsh 476).
	www.ccds.charlotte.nc.us /History/Africa/02/cohen/cohen.htm (1069 words)

	Jamaica Gleaner - Unfortunate language by columnist - Saturday \| September 21, 2002
		Second, Stephen Biko's 1977 murder received world-wide coverage and condemnation; South Africa was already in the news via the equally well publicised Soweto uprisings.
		I typed 'Stephen Biko' on the Internet because I was curious to know whether it was a fluke or normal for an article, ostensibly devoted to his memory 25 years after death, to contain such poisonously graphic imagination of how he died -- 2830 items appeared, and that was too much to review.
		In one commentary I noted that Biko said "The most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed," and I asked myself what could be your state of mind in sharing your graphic imagination with readers.
	www.jamaica-gleaner.com /gleaner/20020921/letters/letters4.html (472 words)

	Biko, Steve - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A medical student, he founded (1969) a fl student organization and developed a national "fl consciousness" movement to combat racism and apartheid policies.
		Requiem for a heavyweight: whoever struck the blows that killed Steve Biko, the real crime was the apartheid government's refusal to rein in its thugs.
		Biko's dilemma.(Ntsiki Biko, widow of former South African activist Steve Biko)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-biko-s1te.html (229 words)

	Why my hostname is "biko"
		Biko's fl activism eventually drew official censure when he and other SASO members were served with "banning" orders in February 1973, tightly restricting their associations, movements, and public statements.
		Biko, semi-comatose, naked, and handcuffed, was put in the back of a Land Rover and driven unaccompanied by any medical personnel, and without any record of his medical history, to the Pretoria Central Prison.
		Biko had exercised reasonable skill and care and were not guilty of negligence, while no proof of improper or disgraceful conduct had been submitted.
	www.nogas.org /biko.html (1495 words)

	MDO - Family discusses apartheid's impacts - 05/08/1998
		kosinathi Biko was 6 years old when his father, civil rights leader Stephen Biko, died in 1977 from head wounds he received while detained and tortured for a week in a South African prison.
		Stephen Biko was arrested on Sept. 6, 1977.
		Biko's case is only one of 8,000 brought before the truth commission.
	www.mndaily.com /daily/1998/05/08/news/biko (517 words)

	Biko the Boy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Bantu Stephen Biko was born on the 18th of December 1946 two years before the Nationalist government took the reins of power.
		Where Biko was born, where he could live, what school he could attend, what courses he could take at which university, where he could travel and in what form of transport, where he could work and whom he could marry, all were strictly regulated according to "racial classification" system that defined apartheid South Africa.
		Biko was full of zest and confidence whenever he comes back at home, he was like father who comes back home.
	www.history.und.ac.za /soweto/bikothe1.htm (1029 words)

	Musicals.Net :: View topic - stephen Biko
		On september 12, 1977, Stephen Biko, an antiapartheid activist died on the filthy floor of a south african prison.
		Biko was moved from his cell into a policeman's office at security headquarters, placed on a mat, and shackled to a metal grill.
		Biko, still manacled to the metal grille, and on the same mat now soaked with urine, was once again examined.
	www.musicals.net /forums/viewtopic.php?t=51886&start=0&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight= (1113 words)

	20. Right of Peaceful Assembly and Association
		Although Stephen Biko did not live to see this, the legacy of Black Consciousness that he inspired lives on today in the pride of the African people and the new rainbow nation's appreciation of its colourful diversity.
		On August 18, 1977, Biko was arrested at a roadblock and jailed in Port Elizabeth.
		Stephen Biko lived and died organizing opposition to the oppression of the white Apartheid regime.
	www.un.org /Pubs/CyberSchoolBus/globalatlas/20sp.htm (2722 words)

	Home Page
		Steven Biko was a South African political leader and hero who was born in Kingwilliams Town on December 18,1946, and was brutally murdered in prison at the young age of thirty on September 12,1977.
		Steven Biko is widely known as one of the greatest martyrs of the anti-apartheid movement and of Black Nationalism.
		Steven Biko was born to Mzingaye Mamcete Biko, a government-employed clerk and Alice Duna Mamcete Biko, a domestic servant.
	www.ccds.charlotte.nc.us /History/Africa/05/gores (1648 words)

	Stephen Biko
		Biko called this approach “fl consciousness.” It drew many young people into the fight against apartheid, giving the movement new energy.
		Biko was arrested several times in the 1970s for his political activism.
		Biko became a hero and a symbol of resistance to apartheid.
	www.eduplace.com /kids/socsci/sc/books/bkf1/biographies/bk_template.jsp?name=bikos&bk=bkf1 (229 words)

	Death Of Stephen Biko
		Stephen Biko lay in shackles, though his hands and feet were swollen
		[1989:] Biko was a fl South African, a student leader who in the late sixties and early seventies had led fl students in breaking away from the multi-racial Union of South African Students to form the all-fl South African Students Organization and the Black People's Convention.
		Biko's name and story as rallying points of the worldwide anti-apartheid movement intensified hugely after production of the 1988 internationally released film Cry Freedom, which was seen in more than 100 countries, dubbed or sub-titled in more than 30 languages.
	mysongbook.de /msb/songs/d/deathofs.html (851 words)

	floccinaucinihilipilificate: Stephen Bantu Biko
		Despite this ban, Biko's influence grew and in large part, was responsible for the Soweto riots in 1976.
		To date, the five policemen that had Biko under custody and were accused of his murder, have not been found guilty.
		Stephen Biko was just younger than me when his death started.
	www.dabydeen.com /2006/05/stephen-bantu-biko.html (621 words)

	Index
		Steve Biko was arrested in Port Elizabeth in August 1977 by the South African police force.
		Nkosinathi Biko: Well, my father was arrested in 1977 on August 18th coming back from a trip to Cape Town where he had sought to bring about unity between the various political formations, the African National Congress, the Black Consciousness movement, the Pan-Africanist Congress and the New Unity Movement.
		I think that he spoke a lot about the need for fl people to be central in defining and articulating their own aspirations and that nobody was going to lead them out of the oppression that they were under.
	www.democracynow.org /print.pl?sid=03/09/11/1454245 (703 words)

	Bantu Stephen Biko
		Bantu Stephen Biko was born in Kingwilliamstown on the 18th December 1946, the third son of the late Mr and Mrs Mzimgayi Biko.
		Biko gave up what could have been a comfortable and affluent life of the stethoscope to selflessly work for the total liberation of his people.
		After serving as President, Biko was elected Publications Director of SASO where he wrote prolifically under the pen name Frank Talk in the SASO Newsletter.
	www.nathanielturner.com /bantustephenbiko.htm (904 words)

	Terms from St Joseph Of Arimathea to Technicolor
		Stephen (Bantu) Biko Biography (1946–77) (known as Steve Biko)
		Stephen (Edwin) King Biography (1947–) (pseudonyms Steve KingRichard BachmanJohn Swithen)
		Stephen Joseph Owen Biography (1898–1964) (nickname Stout Steve)
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /Cambridge/St-Joseph-of-Arimathea_to_Technicolor.html (852 words)

	BIOGRAPHY: Bantu Stephen Biko (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Bantu Stephen Biko was born in King William's Town on December 18th 1946, the third son of the late Mr and Mrs Mzimgayi Biko.
		Stephen Bantu Biko died in the Pretoria Central Prison on September 12, 1977 from brain damage, as a result of a head injury sustained during interrogation.
		Biko became a symbol of resistance against the oppressor.
	soulafrica.com /lwwcm/connect/Soul+Africa/Home/Inside+Africa/Steve+Biko (478 words)

	Stephen Biko - Picture - MSN Encarta
		South African political leader Stephen Biko was arrested and beaten to death by police for anti-apartheid activities in 1977.
		After his death, Biko was held up as a martyr by the anti-apartheid movement.
		Pictured are supporters in Biko’s home town who gathered to commemorate the tenth anniversary of his death.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /media_461542573_761557321_-1_1/Stephen_Biko.html (58 words)

	Steve Biko information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Journalist Donald Woods, a personal friend of Biko, photographed his injuries in the morgue and was later forced to flee South Africa for England, where he campaigned against apartheid and further publicised Biko's life and death.
		Peter Gabriel tells the tale of Biko in the song of the same name on his 3rd self titled album Peter Gabriel (III) (alternatively known as Melt for the cover art) released in 1980.
		Ian Dury mentions Stephen Biko in the doggerel Reasons to be cheerful, part 3.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Steve_Biko (1594 words)

	African American Registry: A disciple of Freedom, Stephen Biko!
		Stephen Biko* was born on this date in 1946.
		Stephen Bantu Biko was a student at the University of Natal Medical School.
		Biko helped found the South African Students' Organization (SASO) in 1968 and was elected its first president.
	www.aaregistry.com /african_american_history/2853/A_disciple_of_Freedom_Stephen_Biko (427 words)

	Address at 20th Anniversary of Steve Biko's Death
		It is the dictate of history to bring to the fore the kind of leaders who seize the moment, who cohere the wishes and aspirations of the oppressed.
		It was a time when the tide of Africa's valiant struggle and her liberation, lapping at our own borders, was consolidating fl pride across the world and firing the determination of all those who were oppressed to take their destiny into their own hands.
		One of the greatest legacies of the struggle that Biko waged - and for which he died - was the explosion of pride among the victims of apartheid.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/mandela/1997/sp970912.html (1502 words)

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