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Topic: Steropodon

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	Steropodon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Steropodon galmani was a prehistoric monotreme, or egg-laying mammal species that lived during the middle Albian stage, in the Lower Cretaceous period.
		Steropodon is known only from a single opalised jaw with three molars, discovered at the Griman Creek Formation, Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, Australia.
		Woodburne (2003, p.212) reports that the holotype is a right mandible named AM F66763, which seems to work at the Australian Museum, Sydney.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Steropodon (247 words)

	Teinolophos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Further research revealed similarities to Steropodon, except in size: the animal was around 10 cm long.
		The lower molar is broadly similar in morphology to the m2 of Steropodon.
		The dentary is about one sixth the size of Steropodon's, and wear facets indicate an "orthal" occlusion with the upper molars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Teinolophos (311 words)

	Fossil sites of Australia - Lightning Ridge
		Steropodon, for example, was one of the ancestors of the modern Platypus and echidnas of Australia and New Guinea.
		The Cretaceous monotremes were probably similar in size and shape to the modern platypus, although in modern monotremes the well-developed teeth of the fossil forms are absent.
		Steropodon galmani may have used electroreceptors in its snout to hunt crustaceans in a similar manner to the modern platypus.
	www.amonline.net.au /fossil_sites/lightning.htm (621 words)

	Steropodon: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Steropodon galmani was a prehistoric monotreme[Click link for more facts about this topic], EHandler: no quick summary.
		Steropodon is known only from a single opal[For more, click on this link]ised jaw jaw quick summary:
		The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/st/steropodon.htm (814 words)

	ABC Science - Australian Beasts - Fact files - Steropodon (Steropodon galmani)
		Steropodon was a platypus-like mammal that lived alongside the dinosaurs.
		An opalised jaw of Steropodon was found at Lightning Ridge in New South Wales.
		Steropodon was almost as big as some of the small dinosaurs it lived alongside at Lightning Ridge.
	www.abc.net.au /science/ausbeasts/factfiles/steropodon.htm (140 words)

	Australia's Lost Kingdoms - Steropodon
		Description: Steropodon was a platypus-like mammal that lived alongside the dinosaurs.
		Steropodon was named in 1985 and is regarded as one of Australia's most important fossil discoveries.
		Did you know?: Steropodon was almost as big as some of the small dinosaurs it lived alongside at Lightning Ridge.
	www.lostkingdoms.com /facts/factsheet8.htm (133 words)

	Australia's Lost Kingdoms - Early Cretaceous period - Animals
		Steropodon is a monotreme, like the Platypus and echidnas.
		The name Steropodon means 'Lightning tooth' and refers to the flash of colour in this opalised fossil.
		Its teeth are so different from those of Steropodon that their common monotreme ancestor must be much older.
	www.lostkingdoms.com /snapshots/cretaceous_early_mammals.htm (315 words)

	Monotreme - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Fossils of a jawfragment 110 million years old were found at LightningRidge, New South Wales.
		These fragments, fromspecies Steropodon galmani, are the oldest known fossils ofmonotremes.
		Fossils from the genera Kollikodon,Teinolophos, and Obdurodon have also been discovered.In 1991, a fossil tooth of a61-million-year-old platypus was found in southern Argentina (since namedMonotrematum, though it is now considered to be anObdurodon species).
	www.world-knowledge-encyclopedia.com /?t=Monotreme (749 words)

	Monotreme (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Both Kollikodon and Steropodon can be found at the Australian Museum in Sydney, along with Eric, the opalised pliosaur.
		It is now known that modern monotremes are the survivors of an early branching of the mammal tree; a later branching is thought to have led to the marsupial and placental groups.
		The oldest fossils of monotremes (Teinolophos and Steropodon) are closely related to the modern platypus.
	8b47b2f022ce3215e7b52c22989408bd.yo.ogarnij.pl /en/monotreme (8268 words)

	MESOZOIC MAMMALS?; Monotremata, an internet directory:
		Musser and Archer, 1998 state that a large canal on the mandible would be consistent with the presence of a beak, as with Steropodon, (p.1075).
		Earlier on the same page is: "Accordingly, the pseudo-triangular molar pattern of Steropodon galmani is, in our view, most plausibly derived from the linear, tricuspate pattern, as seen in Morganucodon, which is universally accepted as ancestral for the Mammalia." To Pascual and Co then, monotremes must've evolved from something with some Morganucodon-like gnashers.
		According to Woodburne 2003, (p.220) a new cuspid (NC1) is present on the talonid; 'new' in comparison to Steropodon, which might have had a much smaller precursor of the condition.
	home.arcor.de /ktdykes/monotrem.htm (15752 words)

	New Scientist Premium- 'Hot-cross bunodon' dined on shellfish - Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The new monotreme is only the second fossil mammal found in Australia from the Mesozoic Era, the age of the dinosaurs, which ended 65 million years ago.
		The other, Steropodon, is also a monotreme, but has more in common with the modern platypus and echidna than with the new fossil.
		Steropodon and Kollikodon are so dissimilar that the monotremes had probably split into...
	www.newscientist.com /article/mg14819992.700.html (269 words)

	Teinolophos: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		An age of approximately 123 million years makes this the earliest known monotreme (monotreme: The most primitive mammals comprising the only extant members of the subclass Prototheria).
		The trigonid (trigonid: the molar design that is considered one of the most important characteristics of mammals is a three-cusped...
		The molar is double-rooted, which is plesiomorphic when compared to ornithorhynchids (ornithorhynchids: the platypus (ornithorhynchus anatinus) is a small, semi-aquatic mammal endemic to...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/teinolophos (454 words)

	Non-reptilian life in Mesozoic Australia
		It was found in the opal fields at Lightning Ridge in New South Wales, and has been beautifully opalised.
		Once the single tooth of the specimen (a lower jaw) had been fully prepared, it turned out to be more similar to Steropodon than to the primitive eupantotheres, indicating that it was another monotreme.
		The lower jaw is only about one fifth the size of that of Steropodon, indicating a very small monotreme indeed (probably less than 10 cm, or 4 inches, long).
	www.geocities.com /dannsdinosaurs/non-rept.html (2620 words)

	Creationism and the Platypus
		In 1984, an opalised jaw fragment with three teeth in place, belonging to either a platypus or a platypus-like monotreme, was discovered at Lightning Ridge in New South Wales.
		It was the first known mammal from the Mesozoic (the Age of Dinosaurs) in Australia.
		Steropodon, at 110 million years, is far older than any modern types of mammals.
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/platypus.html (2239 words)

	Walking with Dinosaurs - Fact Files
		Steropodon was a monotreme and therefore related to living echnidnas and the platypus.
		It lived in what is now the area of Lightning Ridge during the early Cretaceous period.
		In particular it laid eggs like a reptile, but then suckled its young with milke like a typical mammal.
	abc.net.au /dinosaurs/fact_files/forest/birds_mammals/steropodon.htm (104 words)

	MESOZOIC MAMMALS; SHUOTHERIIDAE & AUSTRALOSPHENIDA, an internet directory:
		Those are some of the features which led these authors to conclude, (p.54): "These australosphenidans occupy their own morphospace and are distinct from the stem taxa of boreosphenidans, metatherians and eutherians.
		Steropodon (Monotremata) does not have an internal groove on the mandible.
		In contrast to the condition known from other australosphenidans, (Ambondro, Ausktribosphenos, Steropodon), this feature is weakly developed and doesn't wrap around the mesial side.
	home.arcor.de /ktdykes/australo.htm (8334 words)

	Science -- Stokstad 291 (5501): 26
		Cracks in the theory appeared in 1985, with a report of the jaw of a fossil mammal, called Steropodon, from Early Cretaceous rocks in Australia.
		They concentrated on 55 characteristics preserved in the teeth and jaws of the three new fossils from the Southern Hemisphere.
		From similar features, the paleontologists divided the fossils into two distinct tribosphenic clans: the southern australosphenidans, which include Ausktribosphenos, Ambondro, Steropodon, and living monotremes; and the northern boreosphenidans, which include placental mammals and marsupials.
	webby.cc.denison.edu /~kuhlman/courses/HNRS134/Science.Stokstad.291.html (822 words)

	Steropodon: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Steropodon galmani was a prehistoric monotreme (The most primitive mammals comprising the only extant members of the subclass Prototheria)
		Steropodon is known only from a single opal (A translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color; some varieties are used as gemstones)
		Page 237 includes: "In Steropodon, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/steropodon (1074 words)

	Walking with Dinosaurs: Spirits of the Ice Forest - TV.com
		The "Steropodon" in this episode, is in reality a ring-tailed coati.
		Evidence for an allosaur in the southern hemisphere comes from a find in Australia consisting of a single ankle bone.
		The find is somewhat controversial, but it bears enough similarity to Allosaurus to be described as a later relative.
	www.tv.com /episode/291867/summary.html (292 words)

	Mammals but not Men or Mammoths quiz -- free game
		Indricatherium (previously Baluchitherium) is believed to be the largest land mammal to have lived.
		Which of these (with Steropodon) was the largest known mammal of the age of dinosaurs?
		One of the first large mammals was roughly the size and shape of a rhinoceros with three pairs of horns like a giraffe and 30 cm long tusks in its upper jaw.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=210062&origin= (243 words)

	The world's top teinolophos websites
		Remarks: Originally, this was thought to be a eupanthothere.
		Further research has revealed similarities to Steropodon, except in size: the animal was around 10cm long.
		It's about one sixth of the size of Steropodon, wear facets indicate an 'orthal' occlusion with the upper molars.
	www.websbiggest.com /wiki-article-tab.cfm/teinolophos (342 words)

	fossils opals australia rocks shells palaeontology cretaceous dinosaur jurassic
		Australia's oldest and most famous mammal fossils are 110-million-year-old opalised jaw bones of two mammals named Steropodon and Kollikodon, which are relatives of the living platypus and echidnas.
		Today's platypus loses its teeth before reaching adulthood, whereas Steropodon and Kollikodon had large teeth as adults.
		Mammal fossils from the age of the dinosaurs are extremely rare in Australia.
	www.lostseaopals.com.au /fossils/index.asp (1030 words)

	Fossil Record of the Monotremata
		The oldest fossil monotremes come from the Lightning Ridge opal fields of New South Wales, Australia.
		An opalized lower jaw fragment of Steropodon galmani more than 100 million years old (middle Albian, Cretaceous) was found containing three distinctive teeth remarkably similar to those of the juvenile platypus.
		From the size of the jaw, it is estimated that the living animal was about the size of a cat, making it one of the largest Mesozoic
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /mammal/monotremefr.html (466 words)

	The Thylacine Museum - About Australia and the Marsupials (page 3)
		Thus far, few mammal fossils from times earlier than this have been found.
		The oldest monotreme fossil yet found is a small section of jaw from a roughly platypus-shaped animal called Steropodon galmani from the Early Cretaceous.
		Placentals are also known from the Tertiary of Australia, including a bat and some whales from the middle Miocene (15 million years ago), and rodents of the family Muridae from the lower Pliocene (4 - 5 million years ago).
	www.naturalworlds.org /thylacine/introducing/about_marsupials_3.htm (1040 words)

	f13 The marsupials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		However, a single jaw and a cranial fragment of a primitive
		platypus, Steropodon galmani, is the lot from the Cretaceous.
		Marsupial and placental stocks were equally diverse in the fossil record at the beginning of the Cenozoic in the northern continents.
	geowords.com /histbooknetscape/f13.htm (475 words)

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