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Topic: Sticky bits

	The sticky bit and directories
		A directory with the sticky bit set means that only the file owner and the superuser may remove files from that directory.
		Unlike with file sticky bits, the sticky bit on directories remains there until the directory owner or superuser explicitly removes the directory or changes the permissions.
		If you are unsure, it is far better to set the sticky bit on a directory than to leave it off.
	docsrv.sco.com:507 /en/OSAdminG/ssC.stickydirs.html (498 words)

	Tips For Linux - What are the SUID, SGID and the Sticky Bits? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Setting the sticky bit tells Unix that once the concerned application is executed, it should remain in memory.
		The concept of the sticky bit was a very useful one, long back when fast disk access and other memory access technologies weren't around.
		But in today's age the concept of sticky bit is obsolete, since modern day technology is advanced enough to reduce the time delay while loading applications into the memory.
	www.geocities.com /tipsforlinux/articles/028.html (1125 words)

	[No title]
		When this bit is set, it means that when the program executes, it does so with the group of file, not as the primary group of the user running the program.
		When set on an executable program, the sticky bit caused the "text" of the program (thats the code part) to remain resident in memory, so that it could be re-used the next time the program needed to be run.
		Even though the display embeds the setuid, setgid, and sticky bits within the same 9 characters, they are actually the most significant bits of the permissions and as such, can be represented by an additional octal digit when using chmod.
	www.unixpeople.com /HOWTO/advanced.permissions.and.ACLs.html (1617 words)

	Tips For Linux - What are the SUID, SGID and the Sticky Bits?
		The concept of the sticky bit was a very useful one, long back when fast disk access and other memory access technologies weren't around.
		But in today's age the concept of sticky bit is obsolete, since modern day technology is advanced enough to reduce the time delay while loading applications into the memory.
		Since the SUID bit tells Linux that the the User ID root is set for this application and whenever this application executes it must execute as if root was executing it (since root owns this file).
	www.codecoffee.com /tipsforlinux/articles/028.html (1125 words)

	ShapeFlowStickyPointGetNearest Method
		Returns the number of the shapes' sticky point closest to the passed X, Y coordinate that satisfies a criteria.
		This method returns the number of the sticky point that resides on the shape, is closest to the X, Y point, and satisfies the Criteria.
		Note that at least one of the 1 or 2 bits of Criteria must be turned on, along with one of the 4 or 8 bits.
	www.proworks.com /help/FlipperCADControl/ShapeFlowStickyPointGetNear.htm (275 words)

	Floating-point Formats
		For that mode, the last two bits of the field indicating the floating-point format are used to select whether the degree of unnormalization of a number is used to extend the exponent range downwards, upwards, or both.
		The bits of the field containing the first part of the mantissa are inverted, so that this part of the mantissa may consist of 0, 10, 110, 1110, and so on.
		The first bit of the exponent field, which is still in excess-1024 notation when maximum significance is retained, and which is 0 for all negative exponents and 1 for all positive exponents, for both maximum and reduced significance.
	www.quadibloc.com /arch/ar0505.htm (5381 words)

	SUID, SGID, and sticky bit clearing on writes
		SCO OpenServer systems guarantee that the SUID, SGID and sticky bits are cleared on files that are written.
		The second example demonstrates that the bit clearing is even done on files owned by the same user.
		The SUID bit has no meaning for directories, and both the SGID and sticky bits have a meaning for directories that warrant their remaining there.
	osr507doc.sco.com /en/OSAdminG/ssC.bitclearing.html (325 words)

	Re: suid, guid, sticky etc bits
		A capital letter means the execution bit is not set, a lower case letter means the execution bit is set.
		Sticky on a file is depreciated and (as far as I know) as no effect.
		Sticky on a directory means that even if you have read/write permissions to a file in that directory you can not delete the file unless you are its owner (being in the group is insufficent.) The sticky bit is not inheriented by files or directories created within the stick directory.
	www.redhat.com /archives/redhat-list/2000-October/msg02201.html (416 words)

	2.4.2 Directories
		Sticky bits are not set on a per-directory basis; they apply to specific permission rules.
		When the sticky bit is set on a permission, that permission will be automatically added to any new file created within the directory to which that permission applies.
		Once set for a permission, the sticky bit can not be unset; the only way to remove it is to delete and recreate the permission rule without it.
	www.indievisible.org /crescent_docs/2_4_2.html (1074 words)

	Serial HOWTO: Voltage Waveshapes
		Since there is no signal to mark the boundaries between these bits, the only effect of the 2nd stop bit is that the line must remain at -12 V idle twice as long.
		An additional parity bit may (or may not) be appended to this resulting in a byte length of 7, 8 or 9 bits.
		For the receiver to detect individual bits it must always have a clock signal which is in synchronization with the transmitter clock.
	www.tldp.org /HOWTO/Serial-HOWTO-21.html (1277 words)

	Advanced Arithmetic Techniques
		The carry bits move to the left, but since these bits are all shifted left independently, the delays of carry propagation are not required.
		This serves as a reminder that the last bit encoded is to the right of the place value of the result of the code, and also that the rightmost pair of bits is encoded on the basis of a 0 lying to their right.
		If the current value in the dividend register is positive, and it has a one bit corresponding to the starting one bit of the value in the divisor register (initially, the divisor as shifted left), subtract the divisor register contents from the dividend register, and add the quotient term to the quotient register.
	www.quadibloc.com /comp/cp0202.htm (7299 words)

	Patent 4338675: Numeric data processor
		The most significant bit of the tail becomes the guard bit, the next bit of the tail becomes the round bit; and the logical-or function of all the remaining bits of the tail become the sticky bit.
		The sticky bit is the logical-or function of the guard and round bits during previous clock cycles.
		The sticky bit in slave register 84 is similarly the or-function of all previous guard and round bits in the multiplication process.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4338675.html (14225 words)

	SUID, GUID, Sticky Bit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Setting the sticky bit tells Unix that once the concerned application is executed, it remains in memory.
		Sticky bit allows a user to delete the file that ONLY the user owns and non other within a directory.
		The sticky bit on a directory allows the user that owns a file in that directory to delete the file without having write access to the directory itself.
	www.linuxforums.org /forum/post-6226.html (820 words)

	UNIX permissions
		Thus, UNIX file permissions are nine bits of information (3 types x 3 type of users), each of them may have just one of two values: allowed or denied.
		There are cases when you may come across four non-zero digits, in this case the first meaningful (non-zero) digit combines the following bits (in this order, high to low): SUID, SGID, sticky bit.
		If setuid bit is set, when the file will be executed by a user, the process will have the same rights as the owner of the file being executed.
	www.zzee.com /solutions/unix-permissions.shtml (1150 words)

	design
		The guard bit is used to store the least significant bit needed in the format when postnormalization results into one shift to the left of the result.
		The sticky bit is for the least significant bits of the smaller operand that were shifted out for alignment to the larger operand.
		For the radix-4 algorithm, four (4) bits are needed because the computation for the intermediate remainder is done by shifting the previous result two places to the left.
	www.upd.edu.ph /~ulab/reyes/chapter3_mod.htm (3770 words)

	ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG14 N927
		Simply pretending each setting of the sticky bit involves a conditional to only set it if it is unset leaves the problem that the test in this conditional can yield race conditions.
		It may be that the standard constrains sticky bits in a way that reduces the problems I perceive.
		For example, if the only way to fetch a sticky bit involves a subroutine, and the only way to set it other than as the side effect of a floating point operation involves a subroutine, perhaps the interactions are tamed by the sequence points.
	www.open-std.org /jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n927.htm (2570 words)

	US-CERT Vulnerability Note VU#248337
		The sticky bit is a frequently-implemented but non-standard extension to the standard UNIX permission scheme.
		When the sticky bit is set on directories, files in that directory cannot be moved or renamed, except by the owner or superuser, even if the privileges on the file would otherwise permit such modifications.
		It is likely that at least one security impact of this vulnerability is that the sticky bit on directories is ignored, allowing a variety of race conditions to occur, which could subsequently lead to root access.
	www.kb.cert.org /vuls/id/248337 (363 words)

	[No title]
		In this way, a shadow of a particle passing by the array is recorded as a sequence of 32 bit numbers followed by a terminator.
		Problems that have been encountered over the years include "sticky" bits in which one or more bits in successive 32-bit slices remain on or off, irrespective of the stream of particles passing by (see Fig.
		Sticky bits can interfere with the images and with the time bars that separate shadows and, in some cases, make elapsed times and boundaries between particles uninterpretable.
	www.ias.sdsmt.edu /institute/t28/software/2dchap1.htm (1305 words)

	Permission Bits - The GNU C Library
		If the sticky bit was set on the executable file, the system kept the pages in core for a while as if the program were still running.
		If the sticky bit is set on a file that is not executable, it means the opposite: never cache the pages of this file at all.
		With this usage the sticky bit also implies that the filesystem may fail to record the file's modification time onto disk reliably (the idea being that no-one cares for a swap file).
	www.gnu.org /software/libc/manual/html_node/Permission-Bits.html (683 words)

	Extra Floating Point Features
		To reduce this problem, the IEEE format specifies three bits called "guard", "round", and "sticky." These bits are maintained in the floating point unit, and catch bits as they are right-shifted off the end of the word.
		If the result is positive and either the guard or the sticky bit is 1, the result is rounded.
		If the result is negative and either the guard or the sticky bit is 1, 1 is added to the least significant bit.
	www.cs.nmsu.edu /~pfeiffer/classes/473/notes/fp-extras.html (711 words)

	UNIX Support Resources
		Will it be possible to set sticky bit in a file's owner permission > >fields or group permission field i.e.
		Well, if I belong to the same group as the one the directory is set to, then I can still remove files, even without the sticky bit set.
		Otherwise, if a directory had 775 permissions, and without the sticky bit set, then any files or sub-directories created in that directory would be created with whatever the GID is of the current user and not that of the directory's GID (provided they are of different groups).
	www.essenz.com /support/comp.unix.misc/Sep/11/40570.html (319 words)

	SP0256 Instruction Set
		As a matter of convention in this document, bits are packed into bytes left-to-right, with the leftmost bit going in the MSB of the first byte, and the LSB of the first byte being logically adjacent to the MSB of the second byte.
		Bit fields narrower than 8 bits are MSB justified unless specified otherwise, meaning that the least significant bits are the ones that are missing.
		The upper two bits of the immediate constant are loaded into the upper two bits of the 6-bit repeat register.
	spatula-city.org /~im14u2c/intv/tech/sp0256_instr_set.html (3559 words)

	Chmod and setting permissions
		If you want the Owner/User to be able to (r)ead, (w)rite, and e(x)ecute this file, you would turn all bits to "on" or 111, the thing to remember is that this is binary 111 not the decimal number 111.
		FTP clients usually structure the check boxes for each of these the same way, you check it and it is "on" (binary 1), you uncheck or leave it blank it is "off" (binary 0) and there are three sets of three to cover all possibilities of permissions.
		Sticky bit used on a directory allows users to write files in that directory.
	www.webmasterworld.com /forum40/113.htm (1527 words)

	Zone-H.org * Advisories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The symbolic representation of this bit is S_ISVTX, which is mnemonic for "save text," and the historical meaning of the sticky bit related to keeping executable files in memory for faster activation (the file would stick in memory).
		When the sticky bit is set on directories, files in that directory cannot be moved or renamed, except by the owner or superuser, even if the privileges on the file would otherwise permit such modifications.
		It is likely that at least one security impact of this vulnerability is that the sticky bit on directories is ignored, allowing a variety of race conditions to occur, which could subsequently lead to root access.
	www.zone-h.org /advisories/read/id=2435 (310 words)

	Unix File Permissions - Part 3
		Again, if at the same time the applicable execute bit is set, the t is printed in lower case in a long listing, if the execute bit for the world at large is not set, the T is upper case.
		If the sticky bit is applied to a directory, a file in that directory can only be deleted or renamed if the user has write permission to the directory itself and in addition to this he is either the owner of the file, the owner of the directory itself or the superuser (root).
		SUID, SGID and sticky bits are rather special and never considered for creating new files and directories, so they are dropped automatically (unless some special bits on the parent directory turn them on, that is).
	kurt.www.pinboard.com /techwritings/d83 (2244 words)

	Abstract:
		Since there is a hidden bit along with the Nf bits in the fractional part of the mantissa, there is a total of Nf+1 bits of precision.
		If this bit is set – remainder has value ½, and the resulting carry that is generated will cause n.sig to be rounded up.
		These equations use the “sticky” bits which are the logical-OR of all product bits below the LSB, and two intermediate sum values, sum 50a and sum51a, which are the sum of the carry-save pairs at bit #50 and bit #51 before the round occurs.
	www.iit.edu /~krismei/ECE529proj.htm (1624 words)

	umask(1)
		The one bits in the numeric value correspond to the missing permission characters in the symbolic value.
		creat(2)), each bit that is set in the file mode creation mask causes the corresponding permission bit in the the file mode to be cleared (disabled).
		Conversely, bits that are clear in the mask allow the corresponding file mode bits to be enabled in newly created files.
	docs.hp.com /en/B2355-90690/umask.1.html (672 words)

	Unix File and Directory Permissions and Modes
		If the person () attempting to read, write, or execute a file is the same as the owner, the first set of permissions is used and the remaining six bits* (three for group and three for others) are ignored.
		bit is set on a file without any execute bits set, then some sort of file and/or record locking may be enabled.
		The twelve permission bits (or mode bits) discussed above, the three special bits (SUID, SGID, text) and the three groups of user, group, and other permissions, can be changed on any file or directory at the discretion of the owner (or by root).
	www.hccfl.edu /pollock/AUnix1/FilePermissions.htm (3047 words)

	BSDI Hypertext Man Pages: Fetch fpgetsticky()
		Bits that are set enable exceptions, while cleared bits disable exceptions.
		When an operation fails, regardless of whether an exception is enabled, the particular failure is marked in the sticky bit mask using the same bit as the corresponding exception.
		You must clear the sticky bits after every failed operation in order to get a reliable report for the next failure.
	www.kabinet.or.jp /cgi-bin/bsdi-man?fpgetsticky(3) (602 words)

	information theory \| Ask MetaFilter
		or "the entropy of bits a, b, and c given that bits x y and z are set to one".
		In words, "the average entropy of bits X1 and X2 conditioned on bits X3 and X4." The commas are not important, as long as it's clear that (A B) and (A, B) both represent a variable that takes on ordered tuple values.
		All of the bits truly independent and each has a 0.5 probability of being turned on, except for the first one, which is always turned on.
	ask.metafilter.com /19540/information-theory (2782 words)

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