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Topic: Stimuli

In the News (Sun 6 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Understanding Subliminal Stimuli
		Subliminal visual stimuli are words or pictures that are presented so as to be unidentifiable to the viewer's conscious perception.
		The invention, subject of a patent application on behalf of the UW by the Washington Research Foundation in 1995, involves the concept of a "response window." Subjects are constrained to respond rapidly within a fixed, brief interval after a pair of stimuli are presented--one subliminal, one visible.
		The researchers then examine the patterns of errors in the subject's responses to the visual stimuli that are explainable only by the content of the subliminal stimuli.
	www.washington.edu /research/pathbreakers/1990h.html (663 words)

	CiteULike: Uniform inhibition of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area by aversive stimuli. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Uniform inhibition of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area by aversive stimuli.
		Paradoxically, between 3 and 49% of presumed dopamine neurons are excited by aversive stimuli.
		We found that, in the ventral tegmental area of anesthetized rats, the population of presumed dopamine neurons that are excited by aversive stimuli is actually not dopaminergic.
	www.citeulike.org /user/klouie/article/591986 (287 words)

	TLR-Dependent Activation Stimuli Associated with Th1 Responses Confer NK Cell Stimulatory Capacity to Mouse Dendritic ...
		Immature DCs or DCs activated with the indicated stimuli were cultured together with syngeneic NK cells for 18 h.
		B, The up-regulation of activation markers at the surface of DCs stimulated with the indicated activation stimuli was measured by FACS analysis at 24 h.
		Bone marrow-derived DCs (A) and freshly isolated splenic DCs (B) activated with the indicated inflammatory stimuli were cultured together with syngeneic NK cells in the presence of anti-IL-2-blocking or isotype control Abs or in the presence of exogenous rIL-2 (A).
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/175/1/286 (4545 words)

	BMI figural stimuli
		In addition, we sought to determine the effectiveness of the figural stimuli to identify individuals as obese or thin.
		Receiver operating curves (ROC) indicate that the figural stimuli are effective in classifying individuals as obese or thin.
		The figural stimuli are a robust technique for classifying individuals as obese or thin.
	www.halls.md /bmi/figures.htm (572 words)

	Classification and discrimination of single, complex, and interpolated speechlike stimuli
		For the C/a/-like and /a/C-like stimuli the steady-state frequency was 1300 Hz, for the C/u/-like and /u/C-like stimuli it was 800 Hz.
		Although the stimuli were mostly perceived as plosives (as a result of their short durations) the semivowels were added to the response sets, because they are also likely responses for those stimuli that lack the characteristic voice bar or release burst.
		Categorical perception of speech stimuli implies that reference is made in memory to existing speech labels, and that, therefore, discrimination of physically equally spaced stimuli is at chance level for those stimuli that are labelled similarly and is higher than chance for those stimuli that are labelled into different categories (see figure 5).
	fonsg3.let.uva.nl /Proceedings/Proceedings18/Astrid_van_Wieringen/Proceedings94.html (7743 words)

	CHAPTER III A FEW NOTES ON STIMULI
		External stimuli for R are the stimuli which are produced in his external environment and act upon him.
		These combined stimuli have a certain symbolism for the internal environment and constitute messages for it.8 For example, the conditions of expulsion-birth are composed of the sum of mechanical, acoustic, optic and other stimuli which excite the foetus/new-born's nervous system.
		Note: Internal stimuli may excite (a) effectors, without having previously excited motor neurons or (b) motor neurons, without having previously excited sensory neurons (the excitation of the motor neurons is subsequently transmitted to effectors) or (c) sensory neurons or receptors (the excitation is subsequently transmitted to motor neurons and then to effectors).
	www.drugtext.org /library/books/kafkalides01/III3.htm (2602 words)

	Unsigned Heat - Stimuli
		Stimuli first acquired a taste for hip-hop music and learned the ropes of the rap business by trailing his brother, the widely regarded, Lord Digga.
		With this accolade under his belt Stimuli moved on to perform at one of New York’s well known open mic events- Marie Davis’s Mad Wednesdays, and Nell’s nightclub.
		To add to such appearances Stimuli has opened for Styles P of The Lox and the Clipse at Howard University’s 2002 homecoming for thousands of people.
	djvlad.com /html/unsigned_heat_-_stimuli.html (421 words)

	Behavioral and Brain Functions \| Full text \| Cortical activation elicited by unrecognized stimuli
		These stimuli, when used as cues, facilitate identification of primed stimuli [3,4], and improve the speed and accuracy of responses in numerical processing and lexical decision tasks [5-7].
		The responses elicited by these stimuli could be due to conditioned association of orthographic features of stimuli with the motor response [8-10].
		Since most of the experiments on subliminal stimuli have used a limited number of stimuli [e.g., [5,6]], it is difficult to exclude the possibility that responses in these experiments were driven by sensory-motor association.
	www.behavioralandbrainfunctions.com /content/2/1/17 (2497 words)

	Intelligent Stimuli Sensitive Fibers and Fabrics
		Stimuli sensitive materials respond to outside changes in environment, whether it be changes in temperature, pH, mechanical pressure, light, or electronic stimulation.
		Stimuli Sensitive Materials (SSM) are frequently referred to as gels, and can often be harder to describe by definitions than by descriptions of their functionality.
		Since the response of the gels to the stimuli is a movement, by swelling or by collapsing, the term “chemomechanical” is given to the motion.
	www.eng.auburn.edu /department/te/ntc/2001/diller/m98a16.html (5478 words)

	Stimuli and treatment conditions crossed
		In contrast, with respect to stimuli this conclusion is not valid.
		Stimuli - as opposed to subjects which are essentially "open systems" - are physically identical at different points of measurement.
		To accomplish a high level of stimulus validity one first of all has to secure that the stimuli investigated are actually a sample from the population of stimuli for which the tested hypothesis demands validity.
	www.dgps.de /fachgruppen/methoden/mpr-online/issue3/art11/node5.html (744 words)

	Journal of Vision - Use of chromaticity and luminance to segregate stimuli in visual search, by Orenbaun & Nagy
		Stimuli were small disks displayed briefly (0.2 sec) within an annular region centered on a fixation point on a uniform gray background.
		A cue indicated that one of the green stimuli contained the blue increment and the red stimuli were irrelevant.
		The stimuli were all bluish in appearance with a single target defined by an increment in redness (+L chromaticity).
	www.journalofvision.org /4/8/677 (372 words)

	Stimuli
		Stimuli are events in the environment that influence behavior.
		Many authors further suggest that discriminative stimuli provide information to the organism, allowing it to respond appropriately in the presence of different stimuli.
		Experimentally, we can observe the discrimination of stimuli by associating different discriminative stimuli with different schedules of reinforcement or paradigms of reinforcement/punishment.
	www.psychology.uiowa.edu /Faculty/wasserman/Glossary/stimuli.html (476 words)

	Stimuli - Forgotten Soldier - Interview
		Right now Stimuli wants to focus on what he wants to do for the rest of his career, I have given people tidbits of what I really want to do but at the same time these may have been records that even though I haven’t been coerced to do, I haven’t been 100% behind.
		Sha Stimuli : Album, I think that is what slows it all down because people want to make something that people want to pop in as I know me myself the mixtape is not like it was a few years ago when you would see people getting signed off them.
		Sha Stimuli : I am praying that this video is coming out, I got a lot of positive feed back on it, it is an up tempo joint and I hope it comes out the way I saw it in my head, take it to Virgin and see what they think.
	www.nobodysmiling.com /hiphop/interview/85697.php (2498 words)

	Abstract: Characterization of Neural Responses with Stochastic Stimuli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		These stimuli are typically chosen both because they are known to produce strong responses, and because they are easy to generate using available technology.
		In general, the ingredients of the problem are: (a) the selection of a set of experimental stimuli; (b) selection of a model of response; (c) a procedure for fitting (estimation) of the model.
		We discuss solutions of this problem that combine stochastic stimuli with models based on an initial linear filtering stage that serves to reduce the dimensionality of the stimulus space.
	www.cns.nyu.edu /~eero/ABSTRACTS/simoncelli03c-abstract.html (360 words)

	Examining the Influence of Audio and Visual Stimuli on a Haptic Display
		For all sections, sensory stimuli was triggering as follows: pushing the Moose puck forward and to the left triggered one set of stimuli; pushing the Moose puck forward and to the right triggered the second stimuli settings.
		The purpose was to familiarize the subject with the test set-up, use of the Moose device, type of haptic sensory stimuli and to establish the JND haptic settings for use in the main experiment.
		The visual stimuli was presenting interactive information to the subject in that it reflected their physical movement of the Moose puck, while the auditory stimuli remained the same no matter what the user was doing.
	members.aol.com /nadine505/papers/img96.htm (4603 words)

	Haag-Streit > Stimuli Acuity System
		Stimuli eliminates the "memory effect" by bringing virtually unlimited charts to the patient in a random manner.
		All Stimuli units can be calibrated from long, short, or folded examination rooms for direct or mirrored viewing.
		In addition to standard pediatric animals that never require repair, a Stimuli Pediatric version is available with a suite of appealing optotypes – tumbling E's and C's, cartoons and tests.
	haag-streit-usa.com /prod/hs_docs/stimuli.asp (314 words)

	Depression may not entail a global tendency to attend to negative stimuli
		Depression may not entail a global tendency to attend to negative stimuli
		Prevailing theory suggests that those with depression focus on images and words relating to sadness and loss.
		Instead, he suggests that psychologists replace the idea of a global negative attentional bias with finer-grained distinctions, such as the initial orienting to sad stimuli as measured by the dot probe test versus some people's impaired ability to ignore irrelevant negative stimuli, as measured by the Stroop test.
	www.apa.org /monitor/sep04/depression.html (490 words)

	AVR Freaks :: View topic - Problem with stimuli files in AVRStudio
		I am able to load a stimuli (*.sti) file for an I/O port into my project; but when I run the project; no state changes for the I/O port occur.
		Although my stimuli file requests a state change an the pins of the port, no state changes occur as I run the project.
		I used the stimuli generator program to generate the stimuli file.
	www.avrfreaks.net /index.php?name=PNphpBB2&file=printview&t=43231&start=0 (482 words)

	Neural responses to complex stimuli
		The analysis of neural responses to complex stimuli is difficult due to the high-dimensionality of the input space.
		I will review the various methods that have been proposed to analyze the responses of neurons to complex stimuli in the framework of probability density estimation, discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages, and speculate on what techniques and strategies may succeed in the future.
		Experiments using simple stimuli and highly controlled viewing conditions have produced good first-order models of early vision, but these classical approaches have been less successful in higher visual areas.
	www.ski.org /Carandini/symposium (880 words)

	Randomized Stimuli
		It has often been found that the sequence of responses to repeated stimuli having the same brightness near the absolute threshold is not random, but exhibits a serial correlation (1, 2, 6, 7, 8).
		A modified method of constant stimuli permits comparison of the results with data in other modalities, and with data on the sequential effects previously reported among responses to stimuli near the absolute visual threshold.
		In this analysis, "ascending" runs include all responses to stimuli that were just one step brighter than the preceding stimulus, and "descending" runs are composed of responses to stimuli one step dimmer than the preceding stimulus.
	web.utk.edu /~wverplan/biblio30.html (2620 words)

	Stimuli Movies
		One of these stimuli were viewed for 11.67 s, before the brief appearance of a test stimulus.
		The influence of the adapting PLWer stimuli was tested by asking observers to discriminate the gender of the test stimulus in each trial: male or female.
		When these dephased stimuli were used in the place of the coherent adapter (above) the adaptation effect was significantly reduced in magnitude.
	www.snl.salk.edu /~hjordan/demomovies.htm (388 words)

	NWRC - Predation Predator Methods
		Some predators that are accustomed to the sounds of ranching or highways may not pay attention to simple noises or visual stimuli, and noise stimuli may be ineffective for dissuading predators from entering an area.
		As with other simple auditory stimuli, predators can habituate to these devices quickly, and it is important to move them frequently and to not over-apply them and thus minimize their effectiveness.
		Like any other simple disruptive stimuli, they will have a limited effective duration, and predators will likely learn to avoid the pastures only when a person is using them.
	www.aphis.usda.gov /ws/nwrc/research/nonlethal/predator_methods.html (1467 words)

	Team measures brain response to visual sexual stimuli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Stephan Hamann and Kim Wallen, along with psychology graduate student Rebecca Herman, are collaborating on a project to study neural responses to visual sexual stimuli.
		Thus, according to the researchers, brain activation present when subjects viewed the arousing stimuli—and not present when subjects viewed the non-arousing stimuli—can be attributed to the sexual nature of the pictures.
		Previously it was thought that in order to study sexual arousal, it was necessary to have long presentations of stimuli in order for arousal to build.
	www.emory.edu /EMORY_REPORT/erarchive/2001/October/erOct.22/10_22_01sexstumli.html (674 words)

	Temporal and Spatial Response to Second-Order Stimuli in Cat Area 18 -- Mareschal and Baker 80 (6): 2811 -- Journal ...
		The neurons' responses at the optimal carrier frequency to the envelope stimuli were significantly different from the measured response to luminance gratings at the carrier frequencies.
		The relative strength of responses of envelope stimuli versus luminance-defined stimuli is plotted in Fig.
		Optimal spatial and temporal frequencies to luminance and envelope stimuli.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/80/6/2811 (5353 words)

	How Selective Are V1 Cells for Pop-Out Stimuli? -- Hegdé and Felleman 23 (31): 9968 -- Journal of Neuroscience
		Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to arrange the stimuli in a dendrogram so that the vertical distance between any two (sets of) stimuli is a measure of the similarity of responses they elicit from the V1 cell population.
		stimuli are not reflected in the temporal dynamics of the V1 center-surround responses.
		for pop-out stimuli relative to the homogeneous stimuli.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/23/31/9968 (8799 words)

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