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Topic: Strain (biology)

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	strain - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Strain : Drug Discovery and Development [home, info]
		Phrases that include strain: hfr strain, hypothetical mean strain, re strain, voice strain, isogenic strain, more...
		Words similar to strain: stress, try, air, breed, deform, distort, extend, filter, filtrate, form, line, melody, nisus, pains, puree, reach, sieve, sift, song, stock, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=strain (613 words)

	Biology and Management of Silverleaf Whitefly
		Work on the biology, morphology, and genetics of strains A and B revealed sufficient difference that strain B was described as a new species of whitefly.
		Strain B was named Bemisia argentifolii, the silverleaf whitefly, because of its ability to cause squash silverleaf.
		Biology of Bemisia tabaci strain B reared on the poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) cultivar Angelica at three constant temperatures in the laboratory.
	www.biocontrol.ucr.edu /bemisia.html (4860 words)

	EVOLUTION\|Introduction to Biology
		Strains of flu virus differ from one another largely in the genes that code for surface molecules called glycoproteins, which are the primary targets of the body's immune system in defending against flu viruses.
		Over the subsequent years this strain undergoes minor changes (antigenic drift) every two to three years, probably driven by selective antibody pressure in the populations of humans infected.
		Eventually, as circulating influenza drifts ever onwards, our immunity is still there, but is ineffective against new strains that are coughed and sneezed at us, and we become infected again (though some people claim never to have ‘flu, while other unfortunates seem to get it every year).
	www.rpi.edu /~huovib/biology/evolution.html (920 words)

	strain - Definitions at Dicts.info
		To exert to the utmost; to ply vigorously.
		To urge with importunity; to press; as, to strain a petition or invitation.
		A violent effort; an excessive and hurtful exertion or tension, as of the muscles; as, he lifted the weight with a strain; the strain upon a ship's rigging in a gale; also, the hurt or injury resulting; a sprain.
	www.dicts.info /define.php?word=strain (919 words)

	Genome Biology \| Full text \| Microarray-based resequencing of multiple Bacillus anthracisisolates
		Strain genotyping of common variants provides an incomplete description of genomic patterns of DNA sequence variation, while obtaining most or all of the genomic sequence from multiple strains allows a maximally informative analyses of DNA sequence variation, its function, and ultimately, the evolutionary history of the organisms.
		The remaining 35 strains originate from a UK collection and were chosen to represent geographical variation as well as unusual phenotypes such as gamma phage and penicillin resistance.
		Six of the UK strains were reisolates of the Ames strain [11], which allowed us to test the reproducibility of resequencing.
	genomebiology.com /2004/6/1/R10 (8150 words)

	Strain
		Strain in the Earth resulting from stresses across faults results in motion over the fault surface and a combination of brittle and ductile deformation of the surrounding rocks.
		Given that strain results in the deformation of a body, it can be measured by calculating the change in length of a line or by the change in angle between two lines (where these lines are theoretical constructs within the deformed body).
		A strain gauge (alternately: strain gage) is a device used to measure deformation (strain) of an object.
	www.artistbooking.com /trips/193/strain.html (1081 words)

	Strain (biology) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A strain is a genetic variant or subtype of a virus or bacterium.
		For example, a "flu strain" is a certain biological form of the influenza or "flu" virus.
		A mouse or a rat strain is a group of animals that is genetically uniform.
	www.pillscatalog.net /Strain_%28biology%29.html (326 words)

	Introduction to Evolutionary Biology
		al., in their cell biology text, proclaim, "It was Charles Darwin's great insight that organisms are all related in a great chain of being..." In fact, the idea of a great chain of being, which traces to Linnaeus, was overturned by Darwin's idea of common descent.
		Biology came of age as a science when Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species." But, the idea of evolution wasn't new to Darwin.
		Population genetics is a field of biology that attempts to measure and explain the levels of genetic variation in populations.
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/faq-intro-to-biology.html (15764 words)

	Pre-Lab for Exercise 2
		It is important to know which strain you are working with and to understand how the mutations in the strain may affect your work.
		You should know the stages of bacterial growth and which stage is used for a particular molecular biology procedure for the midterm exam.
		Molecular biology depends on plasmids for many common techniques such as gene cloning and protein expression.
	www.cofc.edu /~delliss/virtuallabbook/PreLabReadings/Ex2.html (1176 words)

	STRAIN (BIOLOGY) FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A strain is a genetic variant or subtype of a virus or bacterium, or an inbred line of a higher organism.
		For example, a "flu strain" is a certain biological form of the influenza or "flu" virus.
		A strain is sometimes used to indicate a group of plants with similar (but not identical) appearance and/or properties.
	www.bellabuds.com /Strain_(biology) (76 words)

	Yale > Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology > Graduate Program
		Exploration of the life of bacteria requires a native guide, and our investigations are aided by a bacterial strain that exhibits extraordinary competence for natural transformation: donor DNA, provided as cell lysate, restriction fragment or polymerase chain reaction product, is readily assimilated into the chromosome of several percent of the cells in a recipient population.
		The laboratory strain is a representative of the genus Acinetobacter, a widely divergent group of organisms that are abundant occupants of our planet.
		We have developed procedures for recovering genes from natural isolates in the laboratory strain, and this fosters our ambition to bridge the gap between our understanding of evolution (mutation and selection in the natural environment) and the observed genetic malleability of organisms in the laboratory.
	www.biology.yale.edu /facultystaff/ornston.html (574 words)

	voice > strain
		W hen external forces are applied to a stationary object, stress and strain are the result.
		Stress is defined as the object's internal resisting forces, and strain is defined as the displacement and...
		A groin pull is a common sports injury that is due to a strain of the muscles of the inner thigh.
	www.speecon.com /voice/strain.php4 (265 words)

	Biology Dictionary, Glossary and Terms directory - BiologyGlossary.net
		Use this site to find out definitions of particular terms related to biology and to find out what they mean.
		You can also browse through our Biology Glossary A - Z to find specific terms & their definitions.
		They can pass on the gene to their offspring.
	www.biologyglossary.net (104 words)

	strain, - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		In biology, strain is used in three related ways.
		Definition of strain from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary with audio pronunciations, thesaurus, Word of the Day, and word games.
		See all search results in Windows Live® Search Results
	encarta.msn.com /strain,.html (217 words)

	BioMed Central \| BMC Biology
		BMC Biology - the flagship biology journal of the BMC series - publishes research and methodology articles of special importance and broad interest in any area of biology and biomedical sciences.
		BMC Biology (ISSN 1741-7007) is covered by PubMed, Scopus, CAS and Google Scholar.
		Ankyrin repeat domain-encoding genes in the wPip strain of Wolbachia from the Culex pipiens group
	www.biomedcentral.com /bmcbiol (755 words)

	MGI_3.54 - Mouse Genome Informatics
		Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) provides integrated access to data on the genetics, genomics, and biology of the laboratory mouse.
		Enter term(s) or part of a term, use * as a wildcard.
		Searchable database of mouse strains and stocks available worldwide
	www.informatics.jax.org (82 words)

	Biology News & Biochemistry News from Medical News Today
		Biology News and Biochemistry News from Medical News Today
		The latest Biology News and Biochemistry News articles published daily.
		Paper In Cancer Biology & Therapy Confirms In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Of Alfacell's ONCONASE(R)
	www.medicalnewstoday.com /sections/biology-biochemistry (613 words)

	Yeast Protocols
		Grow a culture of the strain whose mating efficiency is to be determined to a density of about 1E7 cells/ml in YEPD.
		Mix 2E6 cells of the experimental strain with 1E7 cells of the tester strain and collect the cells on a 0.45 µm pore, 25 mm nitrocellulose filter disk.
		Calculate the mating efficiency by determining the titer of diploids plus the cells whose mating efficiency is being determined by plating the cells from the mating mix filter on Y-min supplemented with the auxotrophic markers of the experimental strain.
	www.fhcrc.org /labs/gottschling/yeast/qma.html (238 words)

	ExPASy Life Science Directory
		C.muridarum - Chlamydia muridarum strain MoPn genome db at TIGR
		C.pneumoniae AR39 - Chlamydia pneumoniae strain AR39 genome db at TIGR
		HpDB - Helicobacter pylori strain 26695 genome db at TIGR
	www.expasy.org /links.html (4001 words)

	http://eatworms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Strains are given nonitalicized names consisting of two or three uppercase letters followed by a number.
		The strain letter prefixes refer to the laboratory of origin and are distinct from the mutation letter prefixes.
		Strains can and should be preserved as frozen stocks at –70˚ C or ideally in liquid nitrogen, in order to ensure long-term maintenance and to avoid drift or accumulation of modifier mutations.
	biosci.umn.edu /CGC/Nomenclature/nomenguid.htm (2842 words)

	Untitled Document
		The first strain of Frankia, strain CpI1 (also known as HFPCpI1) was reported from Comptonia peregrina nodules in 1978 (Callaham, 1978).
		Pommer's strain was lost but, based on his morphological description, his was probably the first true strain.
		Vesicles are lipid-encapsulated, roughly spherical cellular structures measuring between 2 to 6 mm in diameter, attached to hyphae by a short vesicle stalk that is also encapsulated; they are commonly made in response to nitrogen deprivation.
	web.uconn.edu /mcbstaff/benson/Frankia/FrankiaBiology.htm (294 words)

	[No title]
		] A mathematical representation of the strain of a homogeneous body by a strain that is the same at all points or of unequal stress at a particular point.
		] A strain gage produced from thin foil by photoetching techniques; may be applied to curved surfaces, has low transverse sensitivity, exhibits negligible hysteresis under cycling loads, and creeps little under sustained loads.
		] A bridge arrangement of four strain gages, cemented to a stressed part in such a way that two gages show increases in resistance and two show decreases when the part is stressed; the change in output voltage under stress is thus much higher than that for a single gage.
	www.accessscience.com /Dictionary/S/S56/DictS56.html (1839 words)

	Molecular Biology: biology lab
		I thought that the lab strain would do a better job since it was modified for lab use, but I was wrong - the wild strain uptook it about 3 times more.
		Strains with mutations in these genes can improve the recovery of intact, cloned, DNA inserts, but they might not grow or transform as well as their wild-type counterparts, as one might expect.
		Finally, strains that have been subjected to genetic manipulation & propagated for long periods under laboratory conditions can accumulate a variety of additional, uncharacterized mutations, the effects of which would be unknown.
	en.allexperts.com /q/Molecular-Biology-1353/biology-lab.htm (578 words)

	The Science Creative Quarterly » RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES: MOLECULAR SCISSORS FOR SPECIFICALLY CUTTING DNA
		With a switch back to strain B, these bacteriophage that were now able to infect strain K to a high degree, showed a reduction of their ability to infect strain B (see Figure 1).
		It appeared that these bacteriophages, which were previously able to infect strain B to a high degree, had switched to become strain K-infective over the course of growing within strain K cells.
		The first was that strain K and strain B each had some mechanism that “restricted” the infective ability of bacteriophage isolated from the opposite strain.
	www.scq.ubc.ca /?p=249 (1885 words)

	Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Strains of Agrobacterium are classified in three biovars based on their utilisation of different carbohydrates and other biochemical tests.
		Thus, the characteristic biology of these two bacteria is a function mainly of their plasmids, not of the bacterial chromosome.
		Pathogenic strains with plasmids of the octopine-agropine type are not inhibited, and nor are unrelated bacteria.
	helios.bto.ed.ac.uk /bto/microbes/crown.htm (3690 words)

	Influenza
		Although a case of the flu elicits a strong immune response against the strain that caused it, the speed with which new strains arise by antigenic drift soon leaves one susceptible to a new infection.
		Because of antigenic drift, the strains used must be changed periodically as new strains emerge that are no longer controlled by people's residual immunity.
		This is very troubling as simultaneous infection of a pig by a human strain could provide the opportunity for genetic reassortment between the two strains [Link] with the creation of an H5 virus able to spread rapidly between humans.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/I/Influenza.html (1898 words)

	VSC 443/543 - (2002) BIOLOGY OF LABORATORY RODENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Coisogenic implies the mutation arose spontaneously within the parent inbred strain, while congenic implies the mutation arose in another strain or stock and was backcrossed onto the parent inbred strain.
		Many other immunodeficient strains have since been developed, including the severe combined immunodeficient or SCID mouse, which are vital for studies of the immune system and the propagation of human cancers in an animal model.
		Inbred strains include Strain 2 and Strain 13 that differ in their major histocompatability II gene complex and are used in studies of immune function.
	www.uac.arizona.edu /notes/classes/rodentbio/rodentbio.html (5661 words)

	C&EN: COVER STORY - SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
		The approach known as systems biology is where this convergence will happen, although there's not yet consensus on what systems biology actually is. As so often happens when a new term is coming into vogue, it means different things to different people.
		Systems biology has been called a return to hypothesis-based research and a repudiation of discovery- or data-driven research, in which it was thought that computational tools would yield answers simply by mining large quantities of data.
		Another part of the project is the Systems Biology Workbench, which is intended to foster the reuse of software and to allow people to build upon what has already been created.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/coverstory/8120/8120biology.html (4414 words)

	strain (definition)
		[n] difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension: "she endured the stresses and strains of life"; "he presided over the economy during the period of the greatest stress and danger"- R.J.Samuelson.
		[n] (biology) a taxonomic category consisting of members of a species that differ from others of the same species in minor but heritable characteristics; "varieties are frequently recognized in botany".
		[n] nervousness resulting from mental stress; "his responsibilities were a constant strain"; "the mental strain of staying alert hour after hour was too much for him".
	lookwayup.com /lwu.exe/lwu/d?s=f&w=strain (163 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A wsh3:GFP strain (CA2301) was mounted on an EMM agarose pad and sealed under a glass coverslip.
		A atb2:GFP strain (CA2634) was mounted on an EMM agarose pad and sealed under a glass coverslip.
		A atb2:GFP strain (CA2634) grown in EMM liquid medium was mounted on a glass coverslip coated with concanavalin A and surrounded with EMM liquid medium.
	www.current-biology.com /cgi/content/full/15/11/1006/DC1 (223 words)

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