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Topic: Strain gauge

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	The Strain Gage
		The shearing strain is the tangent of this angle.
		Poisson strain is defined as the negative ratio of the strain in the traverse direction (caused by the contraction of the bar's diameter) to the strain in the longitudinal direction.
		With an adhesive material inserted between the sensors and the strained surface, the installation is sensitive to creep due to degradation of the bond, temperature influences, and hysteresis caused by thermoelastic strain.
	www.omega.com /literature/transactions/volume3/strain.html (1821 words)

	Strain gauges : ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTATION SIGNALS
		Strain gauges are frequently used in mechanical engineering research and development to measure the stresses generated by machinery.
		Strain gauges may be purchased as complete units, with both strain gauge elements and bridge resistors in one housing, sealed and encapsulated for protection from the elements, and equipped with mechanical fastening points for attachment to a machine or structure.
		Strain gauge resistance changes are typically measured in a bridge circuit, to allow for precise measurement of the small resistance changes, and to provide compensation for resistance variations due to temperature.
	www.allaboutcircuits.com /vol_1/chpt_9/7.html (1804 words)

	Strain Gauge Input
		Strain gauge sensors are used in a variety of applications to measure applied strain on an object.
		Single resistor strain gauges are excited by a constant current and the voltage change across the gauge resistor is processed to provide an output proportional to the applied strain.
		Half bridge and full bridge strain gauges are excited by a constant voltage source and the voltage change created by the unbalancing of the circuit due to applied strain is processed to provide an output proportional to applied strain.
	www.wici.com /oem/interest/bridgeinput.htm (852 words)

	What is a Strain Gauge - Strain Gauging Specialists, strain gages, stress measurement, vibration, force calibration
		The main components of a strain gauge is a strain sensitive alloy.
		Because there are literally thousands of different strain gauge patterns available, it is vital for an experienced strain gauge engineer to select the most suitable to make sure you get the optimum performance from your installation.
		Strain gauges are used in an increasing number of applications in all kinds of industry world-wide.
	www.strain-gauges.com (380 words)

	Strain Gauge and Strain Measurement Tutorial plus Order Hardware and Software
		Strain is the ratio of this change in dimension to the original, and strain gauges are used to measure it.
		As the strain gauge is glued to the structure, any distortion will also cause a distortion of the strain gauge.
		Using a strain gauge on either side (a half bridge) increases the sensitivity of the measurement, and automatically compensates for changes due to temperature.
	www.windmill.co.uk /strain.html (1235 words)

	Strain Gauges - Electrical Instrumentation Signals
		Strain gauges are frequently used in mechanical engineering research and development to measure the stresses generated by machinery.
		Strain gauges may be purchased as complete units, with both strain gauge elements and bridge resistors in one housing, sealed and encapsulated for protection from the elements, and equipped with mechanical fastening points for attachment to a machine or structure.
		Strain gauge resistance changes are typically measured in a bridge circuit, to allow for precise measurement of the small resistance changes, and to provide compensation for resistance variations due to temperature.
	www.opamp-electronics.com /tutorials/strain_gauges_1_09_07.htm (1812 words)

	Measuring Strain with Strain Gauges- Developer Zone - National Instruments
		Therefore, the strain experienced by the test specimen is transferred directly to the strain gauge, which responds with a linear change in electrical resistance.
		A fundamental parameter of the strain gauge is its sensitivity to strain, expressed quantitatively as the gauge factor (GF).
		Strain gauge manufacturers attempt to minimize sensitivity to temperature by processing the gauge material to compensate for the thermal expansion of the specimen material for which the gauge is intended.
	zone.ni.com /devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3642 (3226 words)

	Resistance strain gauge - Patent 4309687
		Therein, a resistance strain gauge, electrically insulated from a spring material, is applied to the spring material, whereby the resistance spring gauge is formed out of a metal foil.
		Thereby, the specific data of the resistance strain gauge can no longer be faultlessly determined, because the very low changes of resistance which are to be evaluated for measuring the expansion or too greatly falsified due to influences of the spring, the ambient atmosphere and the synthetic layer.
		Metal layers which are employed as resistance strain gauges according to the prior art produce a deformation of the insulating intermediate laminations as a result of the high expansion forces required.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4309687.html (2069 words)

	Eaton Aerospace - Rediscovering the Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor
		In another option, the strain gauges are bonded to a beam, and pressure is transmitted by a diaphragm or bellows that pushes on the beam.
		Pressure deflects the sensing element, causing tensile strain on two opposing sides of the bridge and compression strain on the other opposing sides, providing a differential voltage signal that can be supplied to a variety of devices.
		Although each strain gauge sensor type has its pros and cons, BFSGs have proven to be a goodchoice for applications in which severe vibration, wide temperature ranges, electrostatic discharge, nuclear radiation, and other extreme environmental conditions prevail.
	www.aerospace.eaton.com /products/sensors_subsystems/rediscovering_strain_gauge.html (1786 words)

	Laser-fiber optic interferometric strain gauge - Patent 4191470
		This is a strain gauge that can be read out by means of fiber optics, which has no power other than optical at the strain gauge.
		The improved strain gauge embodiment shown in the present invention, however, utilizes two single mode fibers for the sensors, these sensors being affixed, respectively, to opposite sides of a cantilever beam which is subject to being strained, and a coherent light source from a laser illuminating the single mode fibers.
		A general description of the laser-fiber optic interferometric strain gauge is presented before referring to the drawing.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4191470.html (975 words)

	Strain Gages System Sensors, NMB Technologies
		Strain gage size, grid design, thermal conductivity of bonding material and adhesive as well as the "heat-sink" capability of element to which these are attached place a practical limit on current carrying capacity of the strain gage.
		Use of a "dummy" gage when a strain gage with preferred temperature compensation is not available or when there is room for only one sensing gage is dictated by available space, can improve the temperature sensitivity of the overall sensor.
		The strain range or maximum allowable percentage elongation of strain gage is determined by degree of anneal of the foil, geometry of the strain sensing grid and the elastic properties of the strain gage backing and the adhesive used.
	www.nmbstraingages.com /selectinggages.html (846 words)

	Driving Strain-Gauge Bridge Sensors with Signal-Conditioning ICs - Maxim/Dallas
		A strain gauge is simply a resistor, whose value varies with strain in the material to which it is bonded.
		Thick- and thin-film gauges, whose reliability and ease of manufacturing are attractive for automotive applications, are usually produced on a ceramic or metal substrate with an insulating material deposited on the surface.
		Gauge materials usually include a proprietary blend of metals chosen to produce the desired gauge resistance, resistance variation with stress, and (for temperature stability) the best temperature-coefficient match between sensor and base metal.
	www.maxim-ic.com /appnotes.cfm/an_pk/3396 (1778 words)

	Strain Gauge Tutorial - Radio-Electronics.Com
		Strain gauges are used in a variety of applications, including data acquisition, for measuring the strain or deformation of a mechanical element.
		Essentially a strain gauge is a resistive transducer that has an electrical output that is proportional to the amount it has been deformed under strain.
		Although it is possible to detect the resistance changes on a strain gauge relatively easily with modern equipment, it is necessary to ensure that the measurements that are taken are as accurate as possible.
	www.radio-electronics.com /info/t_and_m/data-acquisition/strain-gauge.php (580 words)

	Strain Gauges – Strain Gauge Transducers – Wireless Strain Gauges
		Strain Measurement Devices is a loyal provider to the medical, industrial and automotive industries and is able to meet specialized needs with our custom-designed sensors.
		A strain gauge is a device used to determine the amount of strain, or change in dimensions, when a stress is applied.
		Strain gauges can be used for measuring temperatures, detecting cracks, propagating cracks, extensometer, residual stress, transducer gauge, and shear modulus gauge, among other applications.
	www.iqsdirectory.com /strain-gauges (522 words)

	Dynasen's Strain Gauges
		A strain gauge, as its name implies, is a thin extensoresistive (piezoresistive) or extensoelectric (piezoelectric) device which can be used for measuring the strain experienced by the surface of a solid.
		Strain gauges are typically made part of a bridge arrangement and electrically excited using DC or pulse schemes.
		The above strain gauge, which can also be of a fully encapsulated construction, is called a uni-directional strain gauge as it primarily responds to the strain experienced by the sample in the direction of the element’s grid lines.
	www.dynasen.com /html/straingauges.html (436 words)

	Strain gauge analysis - Bolttech
		The relationship between stress and strain is one of the most fundamental concepts from the study of mechanics of materials.
		Install and monitor strain gages for the strand end replacement project at the south anchorage sections of the 10th Street Bridge...
		Installed strain gages on the 72 U-Bolts that connect the floor beams to the truss hangers of the Smithfield Street Bridge...
	www.bolttech.com /b_services_04_01.html (302 words)

	how sensors work - strain gauge
		The strain gauge is connected into a Wheatstone Bridge circuit with a combination of four active gauges (full bridge), two gauges (half bridge),
		The name "bonded gauge" is given to strain gauges that are glued to a larger structure under stress (called the test specimen) The task of bonding strain gauges to test specimens may
		Strain gauges may be purchased as complete units, with both strain
	www.sensorland.com /HowPage002.html (1728 words)

	Strain gauges - all the Manufacturers \| Industry \| Industrial \| Suppliers \| OEM \| - DirectIndustry
		The EFO is a industrial fiber optic strain sensor especially designed to be embedded in concrete, ideal for industrial composite material engineering research and civil-engineering applications such as monitoring stresses in structural members of buildings, bridges, tunnel linings and supports during and after construction.
		The most obvious feature of the LI66 strain gage is the two vertically attached contact pins, for contacting the strain gage embedded in the material.
		The LI66 strain gage is of a symmetrical design, with structural strain being applied equally to the measuring grid from both sides.
	www.directindustry.com /industrial-manufacturer/strain-gauge-73369.html (503 words)

	Wires make wireless strain gauge TRN 061803
		Peak strain and displacement are measures of maximum distortion and shifting.
		Peak acceleration is the swiftest portion of distortion, story drift measures the side to side displacement of a given story of a building, absorbed energy is one measure of a jolt to a structure and accumulated plastic deformation is the cumulative warping of a structure.
		A strain sensor must change when it is subjected to stress and must provide some way to read the change.
	www.trnmag.com /Stories/2003/061803/Wires_make_wireless_strain_gauge_061803.html (903 words)

	Strain Gauge Plethysmography
		All our strain gauge plethysmographs are easily and accurately calibrated in-situ and can be used in a wide variety of applications.
		Common applications of the strain gauge include measuring arterial bloodflow into the limbs and digits (also called arterial inflow, venous occlusion plethysmography, or forearm bloodflow), venous capacitance, and maximum venous outflow to detect deep venous thrombosis in the legs.
		Hokanson strain gauges are the key to accurate volume measurements.
	www.deh-inc.com /dept.asp?d_id=6794&l1=6794 (147 words)

	Strain Gages
		The bondable foil strain gages manufactured by our Micro-Measurements Division are available with thousands of possible combinations of grid alloys, pattern designs, gage lengths, backing materials, resistances, and optional features.
		Gage with two perpendicular grids used to determine principal strains when their directions are known.
		Strain gages and temperature sensors bonded to a metal carrier for spot welding to a test structure when adhesive cannot be used or minimum installation time is required.
	www.vishay.com /brands/measurements_group/strain_gages/mm.htm (704 words)

	Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering
		In this Windows Media Video, the resonant strain gauge is tested by adjusting the strain on the device and observing the change in frequency on a frequency counter.
		The resonant strain gauge is based on tuning fork-like tines not much longer than a human hair is thick.
		Strain causes the plates to shift slightly closer together or further apart, affecting the measurable electric field between them.
	www.coe.berkeley.edu /labnotes/0205/strain.html (928 words)

	Strain gauge connections and bridge circuits (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Since the resistance change of strain gauge is very small, it requires a Wheatstone bridge circuit to measure strain with strain gauge.
		The simplest method is to place a strain gauge into one arm of bridge circuit, while placing fixed resistors into other three arms.
		If 3-cored lead wire is used for connecting a strain gauge, influence of resistance change of lead wire due to temperature change is cancelled.
	www.tokyosokki.co.jp /e/product/strain_gauge/bridge_list.html (188 words)

	instruNet Strain Gauge Measurement Hardware & Software for many Strain Gauge Types
		Strain measurement using a 1/4 bridge circuit involves wiring a strain gage as one leg of a full-bridge circuit, applying a voltage across the bridge, and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin+ and Vin- input terminals.
		Measuring bending strain using a 1/2 bridge configuration involves wiring two strain gages as shown in figure 3.8, applying a voltage across the bridge, and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin+ and Vin- input terminals.
		Measuring axial strain using a full bridge configuration involves wiring four strain gages as shown in either figure 3.11 or figure 3.12, applying a voltage across the bridge, and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin+ and Vin- input terminals.
	www.instrunet.com /applications/fm/sgm.html (1767 words)

	How it Works - Strain Gauge Load Cell
		A strain gauge is a long length of conductor arranged in a zigzag pattern on a membrane.
		Strain gauges are mounted in the same direction as the strain and often in fours to form a full 'Wheatstone Bridge'.
		An downward bend stretches the gauges on the top and compresses those on the bottom.
	www.rdpe.com /uk/hiw-sglc.htm (145 words)

	PCM - Load Cell and Strain Gauging Specialists - loadcell, load cells, strain gauges, stress measurement, vibration, ...
		Since 1983 PCM have provided load cells and a strain gauge bonding service for a wide range of industries both in the UK and around the world.
		Over the years, our concept has extended to cover all areas of strain gauge applications to meet the ever increasing demands of industry and research.
		We work with our customers to provide a flexible service that meets their requirements, whether for a single strain gauge on a free issue component through to high volume bonding.
	www.pcm-uk.com (313 words)

	Strain Gauge Amplifier
		The SGA is a strain gauge transducer amplifier which provides a wide range of signal conditioning for strain gauges, load cells, pressure and torque transducers.
		Both the AC and DC versions are based on a common board and are mounted in a light gray ABS case sealed to IP65 standard.
		strain gauges, load cells, pressure and torque transducers.
	www.measurespec.com /catalog/SGA.htm (246 words)

	How to Build a Robot Tutorial - Society of Robots
		The strain gauge is a tiny flat coil of conductive wire (ultra-thin heat-treated metallic foil chemically bonded to a thin dielectric layer blah blah blah) that changes its resistance when you bend it.
		The idea is to place the strain gauge on a beam (with a special adhesive), bend the beam, then measure the change in resistance to determine the strain.
		The strain gages inside the force transducer, usually a multiple of four, are connected into a Wheatstone bridge configuration in order to convert the very small change in resistance into a usable electrical signal.
	www.societyofrobots.com /sensors_forcetorque.shtml (1960 words)

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