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Topic: Strange quark

Related Topics

Down quark

Charm quark

Fundamental particle

Muon

Tauon

Neutrino

Triangle (instrument)

Bottom quark

Top quark

Up quark

	Strange matter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Strange matter is composed of strange quarks bound to each other directly, in a similar manner to how neutronium is composed of neutrons; a strange star is essentially a single gigantic nucleon.
		Strange matter is one candidate for the hypothetical dark matter that is a feature of several cosmological theories.
		Strange matter is largely theoretical at this point, but observations by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in 2002 detected two candidate strange stars, designated RX J185635-3754 and 3C58, which had previously been thought to be neutron stars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Strange_matter (594 words)

	Quark star - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Strange matter is composed of up quarks, down quarks and strange quarks bound to each other directly, in a similar manner to how neutronium is composed of neutrons; a strange star is essentially a single gigantic nucleon.
		Strange matter is one candidate for the theoretical dark matter that is a feature of several cosmological theories.
		Strange stars are largely theoretical at this point, but observations released by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory on April 10, 2002 detected two candidates, designated RX J185635-3754 and 3C58, which had previously been thought to be neutron stars.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Strange_star (332 words)

	Quark -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Particles composed of one red, one green and one blue quark are called (Any of the elementary particles having a mass equal to or greater than that of a proton and that participate in strong interactions; a hadron with a baryon number of +1) baryons; the proton and the neutron are the most important examples.
		Particles composed of a quark and an anti-quark of the corresponding anti-color are called (An elementary particle responsible for the forces in the atomic nucleus; a hadron with a baryon number of 0) mesons.
		And because quarks were fermions, the (No two electrons or protons or neutrons in a given system can be in states characterized by the same set of quantum numbers) Pauli exclusion principle had to apply, and that meant two or more identical fermions could not share the same quantum states.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/q/qu/quark.htm (2107 words)

	MSN Encarta - Quark
		Unlike other elementary particles, quarks have electric charges that are a fraction of the standard charge—that is, the charge (e) of one proton.
		A particle containing the charm quark, the second-generation partner of the strange quark, was discovered at the Stanford Linear Accelerator and at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Brookhaven, New York, in 1974.
		The long-awaited discovery of the top quark filled a hole in the standard model, a theory that physicists had developed to explain particles and their interactions.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761576347/Quark.html (1530 words)

	Strange Quark Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The strange quark is a second-generation quark with a charge of -(1/3)e and a strangeness of −1.
		The first strange particle (particle containing a strange quark) was discovered in 1947, with the identification of the kaon, but the strange quark itself was not identified until Gell-Mann and Zweig developed the quark model in 1964.
		Strange baryons are known as hyperons: the Σ and Λ have one strange quark, the Ξ two, and the Ω three.
	www.alienartifacts.com /encyclopedia/Strange_quark (330 words)

	A strange quark plasma (October 2000) - Physics World - PhysicsWeb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Theorists have conjectured that quarks are permanently confined in nucleons by complex quantum fluctuations of the vacuum.
		This happens because the strange quarks and antiquarks that are produced by pairs of gluons fusing into quark-antiquark pairs in the plasma would lead to the formation of relatively large numbers of composite particles containing one or more strange quarks during the subsequent "hadronization" process.
		The interpretation of strangeness, photons, dileptons and J/psi signals as evidence for the formation of a quark-gluon plasma relies on the study of the global features of the collision such as the number of particles produced in the collisions (the "multiplicity") and their momentum distribution.
	physicsweb.org /article/world/13/10/9 (4375 words)

	CERN Courier - Investigating the proton's s - IOP Publishing - article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Several research groups are conducting experiments to determine the exact contributions of strange quarks in the quark-gluon "sea" to the proton's charge distribution and magnetization.
		The contribution of the strange quark to these properties is the easiest to pinpoint, because the strange quark is the most accessible of all the sea's constituents.
		Strange quarks are the second lightest, so are likely to be the second most significant part of the quark-gluon sea.
	cerncourier.com /main/article/45/8/20 (1450 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Did quark matter strike Earth?
		The so-called strange quark matter is so dense that a piece the size of a human cell would weigh a tonne.
		Strange quark matter could have arisen after the Big Bang, according to a theory by physicist Edward Witten of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, US.
		It was estimated that the strange quark matter might pass through the earth at 400 km per second (250 miles per second), 40 times the speed of seismic waves.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/science/nature/2502755.stm (703 words)

	Harvard Gazette: Quark stars signal unstable universe
		In this process, strange quarks are created, and the result is an immensely heavy ball of up, down, and strange quarks, known as strange quark matter.
		Instead of originating from a small strange quark star, the energetic rays may emanate from a hot area on the surface of a neutron star.
		Because it would be so stable, strange quark matter would survive collisions with neutron stars as well as the birth and death of ordinary stars.
	www.news.harvard.edu /gazette/2002/05.02/01-quarkstars.html (1274 words)

	Quarks
		Quarks and Leptons are the building blocks which build up matter, i.e., they are seen as the "elementary particles".
		Quarks are observed to occur only in combinations of two quarks (mesons), three quarks (baryons), and the recently discovered particles with five quarks (pentaquark).
		Quarks undergo transformations by the exchange of W bosons, and those transformations determine the rate and nature of the decay of hadrons by the weak interaction.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/particles/quark.html (1357 words)

	[No title]
		The lightest quark besides the up and down is the strange quark, and in the high energies present in a quark gluon plasma, strange quarks should be formed.
		Witten's conjecture about strange quark matter (`Strange Matter') being the ground state of QCD at finite baryon number is presented and stars made of strange matter (`Strange Stars') are compared to neutron stars.
		The only observable way in which a strange star differs from a neutron star is in its early thermal history and a detailed study of strange star cooling is reported and compared to neutron star cooling.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/twf_ascii/week117 (2306 words)

	SMU Researchers Describe Two Seismic Events With The Properties For The Passage Of Strange Quark Matter Through The ...
		This form of matter -- known as “strange quark matter” -- is so dense that a ton-sized nugget would be about the size of a red blood cell.
		Herrin estimates that strange quark matter might pass through the earth at 250 miles per second, 40 times the speed of seismic waves.
		Scientists believe that chunks of strange quark matter might be created when stars made of strange quark matter collide.
	www.smu.edu /newsinfo/releases/01342.html (628 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Quark stars point to new matter
		Astronomers believe they have found their first quark stars - super-dense objects that are formed when the remnants of old stars collapse in on themselves.
		Quarks are seen fleetingly in the debris from atoms that have been smashed together at very high speeds.
		Such quark stars are not dense enough to be fl holes, but they are too dense to be anything else.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/1922574.stm (423 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Strange Matters: Undiscovered Ideas at the Frontiers of Space and Time (2002)
		Strange Matters: Undiscovered Ideas at the Frontiers of Space and Time It seemed then (and still does) that the amount of dark matter is oddly similar to the amount of ordinary matter in the universe.
		Strange Matters: Undiscovered Ideas at the Frontiers of Space and Time STRANGE STARS The ultradense balls of nuclear matter known as neutron stars were discovered in 1967 by the British astronomer Jocelyn Bell, fulfilling a prediscovery from decades earlier.
		In fact, in April 2002 two teams of astronomers reported new evidence for strange quark stars, announcing at a NASA news conference that data on two supposed neutron stars pointed to the conclusion that they were made of strange quark matter.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309084075/html/11.html (6147 words)

	SMU Research Magazine 2003: In the Matter of Strange Quarks
		Strange quark matter is so dense that a ton-sized nugget would be about the size of a red blood cell.
		Strange quark matter has a distinct seismic signal – a straight line – caused by the large ratio of speed to the speed of sound in the Earth, Herrin says.
		He estimates that strange quark matter might pass through the Earth at 250 miles per second, 40 times the speed of seismic waves.
	www.smu.edu /newsinfo/research/2003/researchnews7.html (305 words)

	NOVA \| The Elegant Universe \| Smashing Pictures \| PBS
		The discovery of the charm quark left no doubt that there was a deep symmetry that forced the number of leptons and quarks to be the same.
		Hence, baryons are composed of one red quark, one blue quark, and one green quark, and mesons are composed of one red quark and one anti-red anti-quark (or green/anti-green, or blue/anti-blue).
		This theory predicted that the quarks are bound together by a strong force that is carried by a new massless particle called the gluon.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/elegant/smas-nf.html (3526 words)

	Kaon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the quark model they are understood to contain a single strange quark (or antiquark).
		It is clear from the quark model assignments that they form two doublets of isospin, ie, the fundamental representation of SU(2) called the 2.
		It was soon shown that this could not be a multiplicative quantum number, because that would allow reactions which were never seen in the new cyclotrons which were commissioned in Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1953 and in the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in 1955.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/K/Kaon.htm (1427 words)

	Physics News Update
		Doubly strange nuclei are presumed to play an important part in the role of strange matter in neutron stars and in the formation of the early universe.
		A "doubly strange" nucleus, or lambda-lambda hypernucleus as it's more formally known, consists of the usual protons and neutrons plus two lambda particles, each made of an up, a down, and a strange quark.
		In effect, a lambda is a neutron with one of its quarks, a down quark, replaced by a strange quark.
	www.aip.org /pnu/2001/split/552-1.html (374 words)

	How large is the strange quark condensate?
		Nevertheless, the non-trivial structure of the gluon vacuum sets a clear signal in the quark interaction as illustrated by figure 4: the effective low energy quark interaction is anisotropic in a particular Lorentz and color frame and reflects the orientation of the actual gluonic background field.
		The fit of the condensates to these spectra challenges the effective quark models, since the d-quark condensate is larger in size than the u-quark condensate, whereas the ratio of the s-quark condensate to the u-quark condensate is only 60% [28].
		Note that the four quark contact interaction is mediated by the gluonic background field, implying that the interaction strength is provided by the scale of the gluon condensate.
	solid13.tphys.physik.uni-tuebingen.de /reinhardt/langfeld/qcd/node6.html (1124 words)

	Quark - Anti-GUI Music Player
		Quark can now be passed a.m3u or.pls playlist, and it will add the songs contained in the list.
		Quark is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL).
		Quark is developed by Ben Jansens and Scott Moynes.
	quark.sunsite.dk (590 words)

	In quark world, a strange discovery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		That is, unlike the dependable up and down quarks, the strange quark and its anti-matter counterpart, the anti-strange quark, are constantly appearing and disappearing in the proton.
		Though the strange quark is about 100 times more massive than either the up or down quark, the strange quark's brief appearances in the proton made it hard to predict just how it might affect the proton's structure.
		Evidence of the strange quark in the proton was gleaned from experiments last year using the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at the Department of Energy's Jeff Lab.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05178/528937.stm (546 words)

	G0 Results, June 2005, Physics Research Highlights, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
		Physicists have long known that protons are primarily built of particles called quarks, along with particles called gluons that bind the quarks together.
		Up and down quarks are the lightest of the possible six flavors of quarks that appear to exist in the universe.
		They determined that the next-lightest quark, the “strange” quark, would be the most likely to have a visible effect.
	www.physics.uiuc.edu /Research/Highlights/G0-Jun05.htm (970 words)

	DOWN HOME: 'Strange quarks' explain bad days
		Quarks are subatomic particles that make up the basic building blocks of matter.
		Theoretically, space is chock-full of flying pieces of "strange quark matter" that is hurled everywhere when "strange quark stars" collide and smack into smithereens.
		A "strange quark nugget" can be only a millimeter across but weigh a ton and "wouldn't interact with ordinary matter, so it wouldn't hurt anything in its path," Witze wrote.
	www.baptiststandard.com /2002/4_29/print/downhome.html (503 words)

	Theory: Quarks
		Quarks are fundamental matter particles that are constituents of neutrons and protons and other hadrons.
		For hadrons made of the light quark types, the quark mass is a small contribution to the total hadron mass.
		The quantity we call quark mass is actually related to the m in F = ma (force = mass x acceleration).
	www2.slac.stanford.edu /vvc/theory/quarks.html (333 words)

	ipedia.com: Baryon Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Baryons, along with mesons, belong to the family of particles known as hadrons, meaning they are composed of quarks.
		Baryons are fermions composed of three quarks, while mesons are bosons composed of a quark and an antiquark.
		, composed of an up and two strange quarks, decays into a neutral lambda and a neutral pion, which itself rapidly decays into an electron and a positron; these immediately annihilate, and so it appears that the xi's product is a lambda that is emitting gamma rays.
	www.ipedia.com /baryon.html (402 words)

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