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Stratosphere Design / Ron Sparks STRATOSPHERE DESIGN IS a new media company dedicated to making websites that not only looking good but are solutions to your needs. Stratosphere Design is moving to the next level in design ability as well as the way we showcase the work that is being done. Stratosphere Design knows you will be inspired by our new projects and we hope you will be excited by the direction we are heading! www.stratospheredesign.com   (270 words)

Vegas Strip Hotels, Reservations - Stratosphere Las Vegas Hotel On The Strip Soar more than 100 floors above the Stratosphere Las Vegas Hotel and Casino and enjoy panoramic views of the shimmering Vegas Strip and nearby valley. Jutting 1,149 feet into the Vegas skyline, the Stratosphere Tower is the tallest observation tower in the U.S. and one of the most exciting attractions among Vegas Strip hotels. Soak up the excitement of Sin City at the Stratosphere Las Vegas Hotel and Casino, where you'll get the VIP treatment, plus a whole lot more. www.stratospherehotel.com /thrills   (310 words)

SPACE.com -- Wet Stratosphere Spells Trouble for Ozone Hole, NASA Says The stratosphere is the typically dry layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere, where temperatures increase with altitude. Shindell said his global climate model agrees with satellite observations of the world's stratospheric ozone levels when the water vapor factor is increased in the stratosphere over time. NASA's UARS was launched in 1991 to improve understanding of stratospheric ozone depletion by analyzing vertical profiles of ozone, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, methane, water vapor, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and aerosols. www.space.com /scienceastronomy/planetearth/wet_ozone_010417.html   (695 words)

NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Stratosphere The stratosphere is layered in temperature because it is heated from above by absorption of ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. The heating is caused by an ozone layer that absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation, heating the upper layers of the stratosphere. At the top of the stratosphere the thin air may attain temperatures close to 0°C. This rise in temperature is caused by the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun by the ozone layer. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Stratosphere   (1760 words)

Stratosphere The stratosphere defines a layer in which temperatures rises with increasing altitude. Such a temperature profile creates very stable atmospheric conditions, and the stratosphere lacks the air turbulence that is so prevalent in the troposphere. Consequently, the stratosphere is almost completely free of clouds or other forms of weather. www.ace.mmu.ac.uk /eae/Atmosphere/Older/Stratosphere.html   (166 words)

Stratosphere - Search Results - MSN Encarta Stratosphere, upper layer of the atmosphere commencing at an altitude of 8 to 16 km (5 to 10 mi) and extending upward to about 50 km (30 mi). On May 27, 1931, Swiss explorer Auguste Piccard captured the world’s attention by ascending into the earth’s stratosphere in a tiny airtight... The layers of the atmosphere are the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. encarta.msn.com /Stratosphere.html   (143 words)

AtmoSphere - pages/stratosphere.html   (Site not responding. Last check: ) Stratosphere The stratosphere is the second major stratus (layer) of air in the atmosphere. Because the air temperature in the stratosphere increases with altitude, it does not cause convection and has a stabilising effect on atmospheric conditions in the region. Ozone plays the major role in regulating the thermal regime of the stratosphere, since water vapor content within the layer is very low. atschool.eduweb.co.uk /kingworc/departments/geography/nottingham/atmosphere/pages/stratosphere.html   (131 words)

Met Office: The stratosphere The stratosphere extends from the tropopause to the stratopause, at about 50 km, and is characterised by a high static stability associated with an overall increase of temperature with height. One important feature of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which protects the Earth by absorbing much of the ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. The stratospheric processes group investigates the impact of changes in greenhouse gases and halogen loadings on stratospheric ozone and temperature and provides future predictions of these quantities. www.metoffice.gov.uk /research/stratosphere   (285 words)

RealClimate » Why does the stratosphere cool when the troposphere warms? Pourquoi la stratosphère refroidit ... This is due to the absorbtion by ozone of the sun's UV radiation and is in sharp contrast to the lower atmosphere. The radiative effects of increased stratospheric water vapor act to cool the stratosphere and warm the troposphere and are described by Oinas et al (2001) "Radiative cooling by stratospheric water vapor: big differences in GCM results" GRL 28, 2791-2794. This increase in stratospheric temperature with height to the stratopause and the decrease beyond is due to UV solar heating by ozone, independent and unrelated to the greenhouse effect, but nevertheless superimposed on the monotonically decreasing greenhouse temperature profile. www.realclimate.org /index.php/archives/2004/12/why-does-the-stratosphere-cool-when-the-troposphere-warms   (5555 words)

Ozone in the Stratosphere Ozone forms a kind of layer in the stratosphere, where it is more concentrated than anywhere else. Ozone and oxygen molecules in the stratosphere absorb ultraviolet light from the Sun, providing a shield that prevents this radiation from passing to the Earth's surface. While the stratospheric ozone issue is a serious one, in many ways it can be thought of as an environmental success story. www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/milagro/air/ozone_strato.html&_ylu=X3oDMTBwdTQxbTI5BGNvbG8DZQRwb3MDOQRzZWMDc3IEdnRpZAM-/SIG=19kf31por/EXP=1152438246/**http:/216.109.125.130/search/cache   (373 words)

U.S. EPA: Ozone Depletion Glossary They move to the Stratosphere and are broken down by strong ultraviolet light, where they release chlorine atoms that then deplete the ozone layer. Nearly 90% of the Earth's ozone is in the stratosphere and is referred to as the ozone layer. They do not deplete stratospheric ozone, but EPA is concerned about their impact on global warming. www.epa.gov /ozone/defns.html   (2347 words)

Stratosphere Temperature Data Support Scientists' Proof For Global Warming The group devised a method to remove the stratosphere signal from the satellite data and was left with results that closely matched the warming at the surface. In the new study, Fu and Celeste Johanson, a UW atmospheric sciences graduate student, used direct stratosphere temperature measurements to examine the contamination from the stratosphere in the satellite channel that measures troposphere temperatures. Using the direct stratosphere temperature trend profiles from 1979 through 2001, Fu's team found that the stratosphere contamination in the satellite channel measuring the troposphere amounted to about a minus one-tenth of a degree Celsius per decade. www.spacedaily.com /news/climate-04zzzx.html   (696 words)

Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis Waves generated in the troposphere propagate into the stratosphere and are absorbed, so that stratospheric changes alter where and how they are absorbed, and effects can extend downward into the troposphere through a mechanism called “downward control” (Haynes et al., 1991). A dominant factor determining the interannual variability of the stratosphere is the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). Because there is increasing evidence of effects of the stratosphere on the troposphere, this increases uncertainty in model results for tropospheric climate change. www.pnl.gov /aisu/pubs/eemw/papers/ipccreports/workinggroup1/279.htm   (607 words)

The Atmosphere The tropopause and the troposphere are known as the lower atmosphere. Ninety-nine percent of "air" is located in the troposphere and stratosphere. The regions of the stratosphere and the mesosphere, along with the stratopause and mesopause, are called the middle atmosphere by scientists. liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/space/atmosphere.html   (568 words)

[No title] The mechanism for moistening the lower stratosphere was elucidated by using data from the ECMWF Re-Analyses. Although the stratosphere layer is over four times thicker than the lower atmosphere, the stratosphere holds so little gas that ozone is still considered one of the minor trace-gases of the overall atmosphere. The circulation in the stratosphere is primarily a response to 2 main influences: differential heating due to the absorption of solar radiation by ozone, and wave forcing by planetary waves generated in the troposphere. www.lycos.com /info/stratosphere.html   (762 words)

Met Office: Barometer issue 4 - Reaching new heights in global modelling   (Site not responding. Last check: ) One difference between the stratosphere and the underlying troposphere is that the temperature in the stratosphere increases with height, due to ozone which absorbs solar UV radiation. Although the stratosphere is far removed from the Earth's surface and the weather that we experience, it is an area of active scientific research. Analysis showed that stratospheric temperatures during the first three weeks of January were cold enough for PSC formation, providing a suitable environment for chemical destruction of ozone. www.metoffice.gov.uk /publications/barometer/issue4/new_heights.html   (810 words)

Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis Ozone depletion in the lower stratosphere, which occurs mainly in the mid- to high latitudes is the principal component of the forcing. The magnitude of the forcing is dependent on the loss in the lower stratosphere, with the estimates subject to some uncertainties in view of the fact that detailed observations on the vertical profile in this region of the atmosphere are difficult to obtain. The adjustment of the stratosphere to a new thermal equilibrium state is a critical element for estimating the sign and magnitude of the forcing due to stratospheric O www.grida.no /climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/223.htm   (896 words)

U.S. EPA: Ozone Depletion The next layer, the stratosphere, continues from 10 km to about 50 km. Rather than being a literal hole through the layer, the ozone hole is a large area of the stratosphere with extremely low amounts of ozone. Based on measurements of total inorganic chlorine in the atmosphere, which stopped increasing in 1997 and 1998, stratospheric chlorine levels have peaked and are no longer increasing. www.epa.gov /docs/ozone/science/sc_fact.html   (1511 words)

Stratosphere Stratosphere has been asked to organize events such as the September 7 th celebration (Brazilian Independence day) in the capital city, Brasilia. Carmem Pettena, the President of Stratosphere International, became involved in sales to elements of the Brazilian armed forces when contacts she had developed asked her to help improve the poor service received. It is Stratosphere International's intention to raise the level of support and provide access to the highest levels of the armed forces and Government departments for the companies it represents. www.stratosphereint.com /index.htm   (348 words)

[No title] The only time more NOx was observed in the upper stratosphere was in the winter of 2003-04, when huge solar storms bombarded the region with energetic particles, triggering up to a 60 percent reduction in ozone molecules, said Randall. The upper stratosphere lies several miles higher than the ozone hole region, which forms in the lower stratosphere and is caused by emissions of man-made gases like chlorine and bromine over the decades that are still gobbling up ozone molecules, she said. Because there is significantly less ozone in the upper stratosphere, the ozone-destroying NOx gases are unlikely to cause immediate health threats, such as increases in skin cancer, she said. www.climateark.org /shared/reader/welcome.aspx?linkID=61289   (742 words)

Las Vegas SUN: Stratosphere to honor Stupak's vacation packages Stratosphere Corp. and former Stratosphere Chairman Bob Stupak have settled a class-action lawsuit filed last year by thousands of people who were denied the use of vacation packages they bought from Stupak while the towering hotel-casino was being built. In addition, Stupak agreed to release Stratosphere stock he has held in a New York escrow account since the time the vacationers bought their packages, to drop claims totalling $127.7 million against the Stratosphere and to give the company title to the adjacent Chester Stupak Center. As part of his agreement with Grand and Stratosphere, Stupak promised to put enough cash or Stratosphere stock in an escrow account to reimburse the casino when vacationers called in their packages. www.lasvegassun.com /sunbin/stories/lv-other/1998/apr/06/507052057.html   (714 words)

stratosphere. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 The stratified variations in temperature were deduced from the behavior of sound waves transmitted through the atmosphere, which travel faster in warm air than in cold air. Weather balloons carrying electronic equipment are launched to ascertain conditions in the stratosphere; information on this atmospheric layer is also acquired from earth-orbiting satellites. Within the stratosphere at altitudes of 12 to 30 mi (19–48 km) is the ozone layer. www.bartleby.com /65/st/stratosp.html   (393 words)

[No title] Located between 11 and 13 miles above sea level, the stratosphere is above all weather and is almost moisture-free. As the graph shows, the amount of aerosols in the stratosphere dropped at about the same rate as would a substance with a lifetime of about 11 months. The air temperature in the stratosphere remains relatively constant up to an altitude of 25 km. www.lycos.com /info/stratosphere--atmosphere.html   (544 words)

NOVA Online | Balloon Race Around The World | The Atmosphere The gradual change from the troposphere to the stratosphere begins at approximately 7 miles (11km) high. The temperature in the lower stratosphere is extremely stable and cold at -70deg.F (-57deg.C). High cirrus clouds sometimes form in the lower stratosphere, but for the most part there are no significant weather patterns in the stratosphere. www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/balloon/science/atmosphere.html   (660 words)

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