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	Streetcar suburb - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A streetcar suburb is a community whose growth was mostly shaped by the coming of the electric streetcar or tram.
		Most lots in streetcar suburbs were quite small by post-World War II suburban standards, allowing for a compact and walkable neighborhood, as well as convenient access to public transport (the streetcar line).
		While some streetcar suburbs were planned with a grid plan, designers of these suburbs often modified the grid pattern to suit the site context with curvilinear streets.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Streetcar_suburb (698 words)

	Streetcar suburb -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A streetcar suburb is a community whose development was largely shaped by the advent of the electric (A wheeled vehicle that runs on rails and is propelled by electricity) streetcar or tram.
		Streetcar suburbs were, in many respects, the precursor to the contemporary (A residential district located on the outskirts of a city) suburb.
		Both the affluent and working class utilized streetcars as their primary means of transportation from the late (additional info and facts about 1800s) 1800s through the (The decade from 1920 to 1929) 1920s, when (4-wheeled motor vehicle; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine) automobiles gained popularity.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/st/streetcar_suburb.htm (934 words)

	CSISS Classics - Sam Bass Warner: Modeling the Streetcar Suburbs, 1962.
		During the early 1960s, before the environmental movement arose to criticize the destruction of open land overrun by the ravenous appetites of ever-sprawling American suburbs, increasing numbers of scholars were turning their concerns to the very aspirations of the suburban movement - the wholesale abandonment of the urban landscape and its attendant problems.
		Certainly the streetcar was unable by itself to produce a revolution in American society.
		Perhaps because of this, the suburbs were designed not to enhance the city, but to enable residents to escape it for a fleeting taste of the county.
	www.csiss.org /classics/content/49 (1458 words)

	Nrb Suburbs Text Part 1: Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines for Evaluation and Documentation for the National ...
		Suburbs are of great interest to scholars of the American landscape and built environment and have design significance in several areas, including community planning and development, architecture, and landscape architecture.
		For the purposes of this bulletin, a historic suburb is defined by the historical events that shaped it and by its location in relation to the existing city, regardless of current transportation modes or the city's legal boundaries.
		Historic residential suburbs are historic districts comprised of sites (including the overall plan, house lots, and community spaces), buildings (primarily houses), structures (including walls, fences, streets and roads both serving the suburb and connecting it to corridors leading to the larger metropolitan area), and objects (signs, fountains, statuary, etc.).
	www.cr.nps.gov /NR/publications/bulletins/suburbs/text1.htm (12305 words)

	CHAPTER 11 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Suburb implies a subsidiary area, a specialized segment (be it residential, industrial or commercial) of a larger urban complex.
		The spatial aspects of these suburbs were different than the railroad suburbs in that there was continuous development along the whole line.
		The suburbs were no longer dependent on the center cities; they evolved from areas where people lived to areas where people lived, worked, and shopped.
	faculty.mc3.edu /wbrew/CGEONOTES/CHAPTER11.htm (1246 words)

	National Building Museum: Reimagining the Suburbs: Smart Growth and Choices for Change
		Suburbs that developed in the early part of the 20th century were influenced by the garden city model promoted by English planner Ebenezer Howard.
		Streetcar suburbs incorporated a wider variety of housing types, from lavish single-family homes to simple two- and three-family wood frame dwellings.
		These suburbs were developed on smaller lots than the earlier railroad suburbs to assure a certain volume of riders within walking distance of the stations and, therefore, profit for the streetcar companies.
	nbm.org /Exhibits/past/2000_1996/Reimagining_the_Suburbs_Script.html (6618 words)

	Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Streetcars played a significant role in the neighborhood's growth by providing access to downtown along Centre Street and Columbus Avenue (then Pynchon Street) via Roxbury Crossing.
		During the 20th century Jamaica Plain transformed from a streetcar suburb to a more urban neighborhood, with a heavily Irish-American population.
		Streetcar Suburbs : The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870-1900, Second Edition, by Sam Bass Warner, Jr., Harvard University Press (2004), ISBN 0674842111.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jamaica_Plain,_Massachusetts (1366 words)

	The Poor Man » Sprawl blogging
		The dense urban cores of the East coast are, indeed, surrounded by penumbrae of progressively sparser suburbs and exurbs.
		And the closest, oldest suburbs are streetcar suburbs reminiscent of the older parts of LA. But the cores themselves, predating even trains, were designed to be walked, not ridden, through, a level of density LA has never achieved.
		Streetcar suburbs can be walkable, but only if there are enough streetcars to walk to, and I don’t think that is going to happen because streetcars are too slow to take you from Venice to Burbank.
	www.thepoorman.net /2005/10/26/sprawl-blogging (2152 words)

	Local History Archive Contexts Sugar Beets, Streetcar Suburbs, and the City Beautiful, 1900-1919 - City of Fort ...
		A streetcar system began operating in Fort Collins in late 1907 and the lines constructed were a factor shaping future residential and commercial development within the city.
		Streetcar suburbs were created to attract stable family groups of middle class origins away from the city center to planned residential communities.
		On small or moderate sized lots, the suburbs housed workers such as teachers, salesmen, and clerks, who traveled via public transportation to their jobs in the heart of the city.
	library.fcgov.com /local_history/Topics/contexts/sugar.htm (11810 words)

	Slow Is Beautiful: Speed Limits as Political Decisions on Urban Form
		Likewise, the first auto-oriented suburbs made it easy to live near the country and drive to the city, but as more and more suburbs were built and the city stretched on endlessly, it became more difficult than ever to live near the country.
		The streetcar suburbs are widely considered a high-point of American urban design, with their tree-lined streets of private houses, with shopping and trolley lines within easy walking distance, and with stores that offer delivery of groceries and heavy goods.
		People fled from the city to the most remote, lowest density suburbs they could afford, without thinking about the effect they were having on the region as a whole; planners accommodated this trend by building as much suburban housing and as much transportation as possible; and there was no political control on urban development.
	www.preservenet.com /studies/SlowBeaut.html (5703 words)

	Just what is a suburb? - Cyburbia Forums
		The suburbs of the Northeast are much more appealing than those of the West/Mid-West to me.....the above photo really says it all.....Also, those parts of the country that have trees and are "green" with plants are able to hide their junky (commercial) suburbs much better.
		Older 1930's-1950's suburbs aren't that bad, because there was a different mentality back then, now suburbs are huge houses in huge lots in a cul-de-sac where you have to drive though a maze of cul-de-sacs to merge to a highway to go anywhere and do anything.
		I echo others that say that suburbs aren't evil, but sprawl on the other hand, is what is to worry; I guess that sometimes people start using them as synonyms, when forgetting that there are older suburbs that are nicer and better built without all the connectivity problems of the newer ones.
	www.cyburbia.org /forums/showthread.php?t=14992 (3831 words)

	Lisa's Nostalgia Cafe--At Home, 20's Style
		Rail travel began to decline after 1920, and consequently the railroad and streetcar suburbs reached the peak of their popularity in the 1920's as well.
		These suburbs were born in the 1900's, and were located miles away from the rail lines.
		Many cities were surrounded by a "bungalow belt"....a ring of suburbs built during the 20's in which the bungalow was the dominant home style.
	www.angelfire.com /retro2/lisa3/20shome.html (2032 words)

	Colonial Place / Riverview : The Evolution of An Urban Neighborhood
		This process was enhanced dramatically at the end of the century by the electric streetcar, which made it possible for the middle classes to live in a suburban environment while at the same time working and shopping in the central business district and partaking of the city's cultural life.
		The suburbs of 1890-1920 were left marooned on the edge of a decaying central city, subject to the blight of aging wooden houses and to the social and racial changes of urban America in the l950s and l960s.
		Their plans for a "high-class" suburb helped to make possible a new vision that Colonial Place in its eighth decade will provide a home for people of diverse racial, economic, and social characteristics, maintaining in maturity the physical and environmental attractions of the streetcar suburb of a half century ago.
	www.cprv.org /evol.htm (8394 words)

	The Best of Our Towns
		The streetcar suburbs of Shaker Heights (Cleveland) and the Garden District (New Orleans)
		Streetcar suburbs grew along the rail lines and had several features in common.
		Shaker Heights, a planned streetcar suburb in Cleveland, is still served by heavy rail.
	www.newcolonist.com /bestof.html (1715 words)

	Freeway\|Monorail - brief history of regional transit in Puget Sound (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The original streetcar systems were built and operated by these private companies in order to provide access to surrounding land so it could be sold for development and facilitate movement out of downtown.
		With streetcar companies suffering in the wake of increasing congestion, the city purchased the entire electric streetcar railway as well as the cable system in 1919.
		The track system for the interurban electric streetcars was uprooted beginning in 1939 and completed in 1941, and Seattle streetcars were completely replaced by more flexible, rubber-tired electric trolleys known as Trackless Trolleys.
	www.freewaymonorail.org /history.htm (1549 words)

	Sample text for Library of Congress control number 2003042046 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Describing suburbia as a residential landscape would be wrong, however, because suburbs also contain millions of square feet of commercial and industrial space, and their economic growth outstrips that of older downtowns.
		Categorizing places by commuters' choices-railroad suburb, streetcar suburb, automobile suburb-also leads to a focus on middle-class and upper-class male breadwinners and their housing.
		Although the history of the suburbs includes countless examples of exclusion implemented through developers' deed restrictions, bankers' red-lining, realtors' steering, government lending policies, and other discriminatory practices not all nineteenth-century suburban residential areas were white, Protestant, and elite.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/samples/random045/2003042046.html (2261 words)

	Colonial Place / Riverview : Colonial Place National Register of Historic Places Statement of Significance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Marked by its collection of early 20th century revival and American movement buildings, Colonial Place is an example of the residential subdivisions that emerged as the suburbs of Norfolk expanded with the advent of the streetcar and automobile at the turn of the 20th century.
		The electric streetcars that had replaced the original horse-drawn cars enabled the suburban development to extend farther and farther outside the city in accordance with the greater speed afforded by the electric cars.
		The 1898 extension of the streetcar line along Granby Avenue, which eventually encircled the subdivision of Riverview, proved to be one of the greatest amenities afforded to residents of this area.
	www.cprv.org /hp/hpcp3.htm (7792 words)

	Washington Heights Neighborhood Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		This suburb, is about two miles from the heart of the city, with streetcar lines running through it.
		The suburbs were also meant to be carefully controlled residential enclaves, where one's neighbors would always be middle and upper-class citizens, and where one would never have to worry about a factory opening up next door.
		As in all streetcar suburbs, the further one had to walk from the existing trolley line (in this case on Beatties Ford Road), the less one paid for a lot.
	www.cmhpf.org /neighborhoods/WashHts.html (6787 words)

	Edgewood/Candler Park: A Study of the Suburbanization Process in Atlanta, 1880-1980
		The streetcar lines stimulated real estate activity in Edgewood and the railway owners profited both from railway ridership on their lines and from property sales in their subdivisions.
		Ansley Park and Druid Hills, twentieth-century suburbs, were not as dependent as Inman Park on the streetcar for transportation to and from the center city.
		The commercial shift from downtown to the suburbs occurred markedly during the 19203 and paralleled the residential shifts.
	www.candlerpark.org /ginfo/edgewood (5606 words)

	NOTES PAGE of William C. Barrow's masters thesis "The Euclid Heights Allotment" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Sam B. Warner, Jr., Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870-1900 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press and The MIT Press, 1962; reprint, New York, NY: Atheneum, 1971), 155 (page references are to reprint edition).
		Fishman argues that the profits in streetcars was not in the revenues generated, but from the increases in land values to abutting properties that rail lines created.
		Sam B. Warner, Jr., Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870-1900 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press and The MIT Press, 1962; reprint, New York, NY: Atheneum, 1971), 58-60 (page references are to reprint edition).
	web.ulib.csuohio.edu /SpecColl/barrow/thesis/notes.html (7479 words)

	Elizabeth Neighborhood Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		streetcar allowed businessmen to commute from downtown jobs to suburban homes, farmers tilled the land on the rolling hillside that sloped down toward Little Sugar Creek.
		The authors of the ordinance held the assumption, widely accepted at the time, that the city's streetcar suburbs had no future in the auto age.
		The Association was one of several groups formed during this period in the city's old streetcar suburbs as the impact of the 1960 zoning ordinance began to be fully felt.
	www.cmhpf.org /neighborhoods/Elizabeth.html (14803 words)

	Amazon.com: Streetcar Suburbs : The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870-1900, Second Edition (208p): Books: Sam Bass, Jr. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Warner shows that the street cars and suburbs were both linked to the increasing wealth in the Boston area after the civil war.
		Capital was looking for places to be invested and both the wealthy and middle class found it in their interest to lay the foundation for suburban growth.
		Streetcars were the boom/bust speculative industry of their era, just as "dot-bombs" were the boom/bust of the recent era.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0674842111?v=glance (1036 words)

	Berkeley Daily Planet
		After the electric streetcar was introduced in 1891, and then consolidated and expanded in 1903, the streets along the routes, and within walking distance of a streetcar stop, were subdivided for homes.
		The Classic Box was so popular after the Chicago World's Fair of 1893, that streetcar suburbs across the United States and Canada were soon filled with them.
		With established electric streetcar lines, Berkeley became an increasingly popular residential community especially after the 1906 earthquake and fire which resulted in a sudden increase in Berkeley's population.
	www.berkeleydaily.org /rediscover.cfm?archiveDate=11-19-02 (462 words)

	Cars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Beginning in the 1870s, horse-drawn streetcars on steel tracks, cable cars, and electric trolley cars let the middle class move to what we now call "streetcar suburbs."2 These neighborhoods were made up of free-standing houses, with sizable backyards, small front yards, and front porches facing on tree-lined streets.
		Booth Tarkington's novel Seventeen gives us a good picture of the way of life in middle-class towns and streetcar suburbs.3 At the beginning of the book, a teenage boy is walking home from the soda shop on Central Avenue.
		But at the same meeting, professor Mark Hansen of the University of California said his studies of highway expansion in California showed a 10% increase in highway lane-miles induced an immediate 2% increase in traffic at the county level, and a 6% increase within two years.
	mailman.lbo-talk.org /1998/1998-May/000289.html (1082 words)

	SSHA Preliminary Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In the late nineteenth century, the development of streetcar suburbs contributed to the definition of the middle class, as white-collar families demonstrated a proclivity for residing in these enclaves at the end of trolley lines.
		Although not one of the criteria applied, in a neighborhood where an occasional deed contained a restrictive covenant, it is no surprise that all forty-two are white families.
		Since many residents of the streetcar suburbs were drawn into the industrializing cities from the agricultural countryside, we encounter, in the study of these families, a migration from one world to another.
	www.ssha.org /abstract2005/abs230.html (271 words)

	Urban History Review: Politics of transportation services in suburban Montreal: sorting out the "mile end muddle," ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Abstract: The rapid spread of electric streetcar technology in the 1890s brought not only passengers to the suburbs but streetcar politics too.
		Beyond Montreal ' s city limits in the Village of Mile End, the politics of streetcar services was particularly virulent and indeed often comical.
		The contest between competing streetcar firms, and divisions within the council, culminated in early March 1893 when the Mayor of Mile End tore up a half-mile of the Montreal Street Railway Company ' s track.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:30255374&refid=holomed_1 (234 words)

	Find in a Library: Streetcar suburbs: the process of growth in Boston, 1870-1900.
		Find in a Library: Streetcar suburbs: the process of growth in Boston, 1870-1900.
		Streetcar suburbs: the process of growth in Boston, 1870-1900.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/b6292c7d95f61cec.html (60 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870-1900, Second Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Streetcar Suburbs: The Process of Growth in Boston, 1870-1900, Second Edition
		In the last third of the nineteenth century the American city grew from a crowded merchant town, in which neatly everybody walked to work, to the modern divided metropolis.
		The street railway created this division of the metropolis into an inner city of commerce and slums and an outer city of commuters' suburbs.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0674842111 (253 words)

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