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Topic: Streptococcus mutans

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	US FDA/CFSAN - Bad Bug Book - Streptococcus spp
		The genus Streptococcus is comprised of Gram-positive, microaerophilic cocci (round), which are not motile and occur in chains or pairs.
		Streptococcus iniae, a fish pathogen not previously reported as a cause of illness in humans (1-3), was isolated from all four patients.
		The group C streptococcus was isolated from the blood of 15 patients and the pericardial fluid of one patient.
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~mow/chap21.html (933 words)

	Mutans streptococci MCQ answers
		Caries is an infectious disease in the sense that Streptococcus mutans may not be considered to be a member of the autochthonous flora of the human mouth.
		Mutans streptococci are not transmitted from the mother or carer as soon as the first tooth emerges in the mouth of the infant.
		Mutans streptococci are considered a safe target in attempts to devise procedures to delay the onset of caries.
	www.ncl.ac.uk /dental/oralbiol/oralenv/mcqs/oralmicro/mutans2.htm (972 words)

	ADA.org: Science in the News: Cesarean Sections Associated with Streptococcus Mutans Colonization
		One of the study’s key findings was that, although the infants delivered by C-section or regular birth had similar rates of S. mutans colonization (31.0 percent for C-section compared to 36.7 percent for vaginal birth), the C-section children acquired S. mutans almost one year earlier (17.1 months for C-section vs. 28.8 months for vaginal delivery).
		Since S. mutans plays a key role in the etiology of dental caries and is readily transmissible from caregivers to infants, the timing of S. mutans colonization in newborns has received considerable study in recent years.
		A longitudinal study of streptococcus mutans colonization in infants after tooth eruption.
	www.ada.org /prof/resources/topics/science_csection_caries.asp (588 words)

	© Copyright, 2003, Journal of the California Dental Association, All rights reserved. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Mutans streptococci could persist in such an environment by forming adherent colonies on mucosal surfaces or by living free in saliva and multiplying at a rate that exceeds the washout rate caused by salivary flow.
		Extrapolation of Caufield and colleagues’ data from a figure depicting the cumulative probability of mutans streptococci acquisition as a function of age indicated that approximately 5 percent of their study population acquired these organisms by approximately 9 months of age and approximately 15 percent of the subjects were colonized by approximately 12 months of age.
		Mutans streptococci are important organisms in the initiation and pathogenesis of dental caries.
	www.cdafoundation.org /journal/jour0203/berkowitz.htm (2176 words)

	Mutans streptococci
		Five Streptococcus mutans pairs (serotype c S. mutans 10449 and four clinical isolates of S. mutans: 123.1, LG1, OMFA, T10B) were used to find out if the xylitol-resistant (XR) natural mutants of the corresponding xylitol-sensitive (XS) S. mutans parental strains differ in their growth patterns in saliva.
		Mutans streptococci and lactobacilli were isolated from dental plaque of all children with rampant caries and from most caries-free children.
		The ability of two strains of the mutans streptococci and a Lactobacillus to invade enamel and dentine and to destory these structures from the inside before the cavitation phase of caries was demonstrated with gnotobiotic rats.
	www.db.od.mah.se /mutans/mutgen.html (4725 words)

	Streptococcus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The gene sequence for the circular chromosomes of twelves pecies of streptococci have been sequenced: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae 2603 V/R, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus thermophilus CNRZ1066, Streptococcus thermophilus LMG 18311, and Streptococcus pyogenes.
		The capsule of Streptococcus pyogenes is chemically similar to that of it's host's connective tissue, and therefore, is nonantigenic, and it's cytoplasmic membrane has antigens similar to human cardiac skeletal and smooth muscle.
		Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to erythromycin and penicillin in relation to macrolide and ß-lactam consumption in Spain (1979–1997).
	biology.kenyon.edu /Microbial_Biorealm/bacteria/gram-positive/streptococcus/streptococcus.htm?name=Streptococcaceae (1205 words)

	Mutans streptococci
		In the groups receiving placebo varnish-sealant combinations, the mean log number of mutans streptococci of the subjects was reduced only by approximately 0.5 log (32%), and none of the subjects experienced loss of their detectable mutans streptococci for four weeks, although one subject did so for three weeks.
		Mutans streptococci on root surfaces were suppressed significantly (p less than 0.05) during the whole experimental period in the chlorhexidine varnish group, but not in the fluoride varnish group.
		The proportions of the species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis in the total streptococcus flora of the dental plaque were not changed by zinc chloride solution.
	www.db.odont.lu.se /mutans/mutanti90-5.html (10901 words)

	Strep mutans - Weber State University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Streptococcus mutans has been shown to be a major causative agent for dental caries.
		For the PCR procedure, four primers specific to S. mutans will be used to identify the presence of the bacterium.
		Streptococcus mutans is a Gram positive organism that is a member of the Streptococcus viridans group.
	www.weber.edu /DCHPResearch/Strep_mutans.html (1191 words)

	Interactions of Streptococcus mutans Fimbria-Associated Surface Proteins with Salivary Components -- Ray et al. 6 (3): ...
		mutans fimbriae (0.33 to 33.00 µg/ml) to bind to saliva (undiluted and diluted 1:2 and 1:10) was determined by ELISA.
		mutans A32-2 fimbria preparation (33.0 µg/ml) was incubated with various concentrations (0.5 to 65.0 µg/ml) of the purified salivary protein and assayed for binding to saliva.
		Identification and preliminary characterization of saliva-interacting surface antigens of Streptococcus mutans by immunoblotting, ligand blotting, and immunoprecipitation.
	cdli.asm.org /cgi/content/full/6/3/400 (3450 words)

	Streptococcus - MicrobeWiki
		The gene sequence for the circular chromosomes of twelves pecies of streptococci have been sequenced: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae 2603 V/R, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus thermophilus CNRZ1066, Streptococcus thermophilus LMG 18311, and Streptococcus pyogenes.
		The capsule of Streptococcus pyogenes is chemically similar to that of it's host's connective tissue, and therefore, is nonantigenic, and it's cytoplasmic membrane has antigens similar to human cardiac skeletal and smooth muscle.
		Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to erythromycin and penicillin in relation to macrolide and ß-lactam consumption in Spain (1979–1997).
	microbewiki.kenyon.edu /index.php/Streptococcus (1288 words)

	Streptococcus mutans and mutans streptococci (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		mutans and is referred to as the 'mutans group' or the 'mutans streptococci'.
		mutans is carried by virtually everyone and the only other species common in man is S.
		As a consequence, most work on the relationship of bacteria to caries has lumped the two species together as the mutans streptococci (MS).
	www.ncl.ac.uk /dental/oralbiol/oralenv/tutorials/mutans.htm (383 words)

	Prevalence of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in Korean Children
		Objectives: Prevalence of Streptcoccus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in dental caries is found to be varied in different races and countries.
		Of the mutans streptococci-infected 37 children, 3 children (5.8%) harbored S. mutans and/or S. sobrinus in the CF plaques only, 22 children (42.3%) in the CA plaques only and 12 children (23.1%) in both CF and CA plaques.
		Conclusions: Overall results suggest that mutans streptococci appears to be important in dental caries of the Korean children, and S. mutans is more closely associated with than dental caries as compared to S. sobrinus.
	iadr.confex.com /iadr/2005Balt/techprogram/abstract_58708.htm (345 words)

	IMDResearcher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		S. mutans is also acidogenic producing copious amounts of lactic acid which is inhibitory to several other plaque organisms and results in a proportional increase in the S. mutans population.
		Another consequence of the acidogenic property of S. mutans is the demineralization of tooth enamel by the lactic acid leading to the formation of dental caries.
		HAZLETT, K.R.O., J.E. MAZURKIEWICZ, and J.A. Inactivation of the gbpA gene of Streptococcus mutans alters structural and functional aspects of plaque biofilm which are compensated by recombination of the gtfB and gtfC genes.
	www.amc.edu /academic/research/IMDResearcher.cfm?ID=44 (790 words)

	LAS CARIES SE CONTAGIAN? - www.InterMEDICINA.com
		Una investigación longitudinal realizada por Carlsson y colaboradores han reportado que el Streptococcus mutans fue detectado en el 20% de infantes de 12 a 16 meses de edad (que ya presentan entre 6 a 10 piezas dentarias), y no fueron detectados en ninguno de los infantes estudiados en el primer año de vida.
		Berkowitz y colaboradores han reportado que Streptococcus mutans fueron detectados en el 22 % de los infantes que tenían solamente un diente incisivo; y en estudios posteriores detectaron el 7% de infantes con 1 a 5 dientes incisivos primarios y el 29% de infantes (promedio de edad 13,8 meses) con 6 a 8 incisivos primarios.
		Una investigación adicional longitudinal que evaluó los factores de riesgo (infección por Streptococcus mutans, exposición a fluoruros, hábitos dietéticos, e higiene oral) de niños de 1 año de edad, determinaron que la presencia del Streptococcus mutans al año de edad fue el predictor más efectivo para desarrollar caries a los 3,5 años de edad.
	www.intermedicina.com /Avances/Interes_General/AIG27.htm (516 words)

	Publication: "Two Methods of Detection for Streptococcus mutans" - Weber State University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		mutans were used to identify the presence of the bacterium.
		Streptococcus mutans is a Gram positive organism that is a member of the
		mutans and the number of dental caries, possibly due to oral hygiene, or false answers on the questionnaire.
	www.weber.edu /DCHPResearch/S_mutans_NCUR_publication.html (2179 words)

	Streptococcus mutans Genome Sequencing
		The sequence of the 2,030,936 bp Streptococcus mutans strain UA159 Genome is completed and the results published in the October 29, 2002 issue of Proceedings National Academy of Sciences USA.
		Characteristics and cariogenicity of a fructanase-defective Streptococcus mutants strain.
		Cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans strains with defects in fructan metabolism assessed in a program-fed specific-pathogen-free rat model.
	www.genome.ou.edu /smutans.html (803 words)

	Analysis of gene expression in Streptococcus mutans in biofilms in vitro -- Burne et al. 11 (1): 100 -- Advances in ...
		The purpose of this study was to develop methods for the consistent production of biofilms of S. mutans containing reporter gene fusions, and to examine the expression of genes involved in sucrose metabolism in adherent populations of this organism.
		Three strains of S. mutans harboring reporter gene fusions to the gene promoter regions of the gtfBC genes, ftf, and scrA were grown in a Rototorque biofilm fermenter in a tryptone-yeast extract-sucrose medium.
		Regulation of the gtfBC and ftf genes of Streptococcus mutans in biofilms in response to pH and carbohydrate
	adr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/11/1/100 (692 words)

	Revista de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo - Association between Streptococcus mutans/Streptococcus sobrinus ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		HÖFLING, J. Presença de Streptococcus mutans e Streptococcus mutans associado a Streptococcus sobrinus em escolares de diferentes classes sócio-econômicas e sua relação com a atividade cariogênica dessas populações.
		O Streptococcus mutans é um microrganismo intimamente associado à cárie dentária, apresentando a capacidade de sintetizar polissacarídeos extracelulares aderentes, a partir da sacarose, e polissacarídeos intracelulares a partir de carboidratos fermentáveis.
		O Streptococcus sobrinus difere do Streptococcus mutans em algumas características bioquímicas e importantes fatores de virulência, como produção de ácido e capacidade de adesão.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-06631999000200012 (3344 words)

	UF dental researcher develops genetically altered bacteria strain that may fight cavities for a lifetime
		Hillman constructed a new strain of the decay-causing bacterium Streptococcus mutans for use in replacement therapy.
		Streptococcus mutans, a naturally occurring bacterium found in the mouth, breaks down food sugars, resulting in the formation of lactic acid.
		Infants normally acquire Streptococcus mutans via contaminated saliva from their mother or primary caregiver," Hillman said.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2000-02/UoF-Udrd-0702100.php (665 words)

	Streptococcus mutans copes without pathway
		In an effort to understand how best to combat the tooth-decaying properties of S. mutans, Brady and her team set out to learn how the organism was able to survive its own acid.
		The bacteria altered to lack SRP components were able to adapt and survive gradual increases in acid resulting from their own metabolism, suggesting a backup pathway was in place.
		They tested their hypothesis and found that S. mutans could continue to function in non-stress conditions without the SRP and YidC1 genes, but not without the YidC2 and SRP simultaneously.
	www.news-medical.net /?id=14969 (926 words)

	A Longitudinal Study of Streptococcus mutans Colonization in Infants after Tooth Eruption -- Wan et al. 82 (7): 504 -- ...
		Cumulative prevalence of Streptococcus mutans colonization for 0 to 24 mos of age in all subjects.
		Prevalence of Streptococcus mutans colonization after tooth eruption in pre-term and full-term infants at ages 6 to 24 mos.
		Association of Streptococcus mutans infection and oral developmental nodules in pre-dentate infants.
	jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/82/7/504 (3033 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Transcriptional analysis of the bglPgene from Streptococcus mutans
		mutans that is responsible for esculin utilization in the presence of glucose.
		This construct would be predicted to have constitutive expression because both the sequence required for transcription termination in the absence of beta-glucosides and the sequence required for antitermination in the presence of beta-glucosides were removed.
		Cote CK, Cvitkovitch D, Bleiweis AS, Honeyman AL: A novel β-glucoside-specific PTS locus from Streptococcus mutans that is not inhibited by glucose.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2180/6/37 (5054 words)

	Intranasal Immunization against Dental Caries with a Streptococcus mutans-Enriched Fimbrial Preparation -- Fontana et ...
		Ingestion of Streptococcus mutans induces secretory immunoglobulin A and caries immunity.
		Distribution, persistence, and recall of serum and salivary antibody responses to peroral immunization with protein antigen I/II of Streptococcus mutans coupled to the cholera toxin B subunit.
		Intranasal immunization of mice with recombinant protein antigen of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and cholera toxin B subunit.
	cdli.asm.org /cgi/content/full/6/3/405 (4246 words)

	Frequency of four different mutacin genes in Streptococcus mutans genotypes isolated from caries-free and caries-active ...
		Frequency of four different mutacin genes in Streptococcus mutans genotypes isolated from caries-free and caries-active individuals -- Kamiya et al.
		Mutans streptococci are generally accepted as one of the principal
		Purification of mutacin III from group III Streptococcus mutans UA787 and genetic analyses of mutacin III biosynthesis genes.
	jmm.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/54/6/599 (2681 words)

	Saliva secretion, streptococcus mutans and caries in young adults
		Saliva secretion, streptococcus mutans and caries in young adults
		Secreción salival, streptococcus mutans y caries dental en adultos jóvenes.
		In 96 stadents of oral health program of stomatology degree in the UniversidadAutónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, salivary levels of streptococcus mutans, saliva secretion rate andDMF were registrated.
	www.imbiomed.com.mx /ADM/Odv52n4/english/Zod54-01.html (154 words)

	Assessment of Genes Associated with Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Morphology -- Motegi et al. 72 (9): 6277 -- Applied ...
		Tn917-lac mutagenesis of Streptococcus mutans to identify environmentally regulated genes.
		Isolation and serotyping of Streptococcus mutans from teeth and feces of children.
		Role of the Streptococcus mutans gtf genes in caries induction in the specific-pathogen-free rat model.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/9/6277 (5606 words)

	Expression of Streptococcus mutans fimA is iron-responsive and regulated by a DtxR homologue -- Spatafora et al. 147 ...
		Expression of Streptococcus mutans fimA is iron-responsive and regulated by a DtxR homologue -- Spatafora et al.
		Expression of Streptococcus mutans fimA is iron-responsive and regulated by a DtxR homologue
		The Divergently Transcribed Streptococcus parasanguis Virulence-Associated fimA Operon Encoding an Mn2+-Responsive Metal Transporter and pepO Encoding a Zinc Metallopeptidase Are Not Coordinately Regulated
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/147/6/1599 (644 words)

	Grace Spatafora
		Middlebury College undergraduates working in the Spatafora laboratory study Streptococcus parasanguis and Streptococcus mutans, oral pathogens that induce plaque formation and dental cavities, respectively, in humans.
		Several of her students have also been awarded Scientific Research Grants from the ASM and the Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society, while others have served as coauthors on recently published manuscripts in refereed journals which include Infection and Immunity and the Journal of Bacteriology.
		mutans fimA is iron-responsive and regulated by a DtxR homolog.
	www.middlebury.edu /academics/ump/majors/mbb/hours/spatafor.htm?WBCMODE=PresentationUnpublishedstu29 (341 words)

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