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Topic: Stridor

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	Stridor: Approach to the Patient With Pulmonary Symptoms: Merck Manual Professional
		Stridor is a high-pitched, predominantly inspiratory sound formed by extrathoracic upper airway obstruction.
		Inspiratory stridor suggests obstruction of the trachea, larynx, or epiglottis and is usually a medical emergency, whereas expiratory stridor suggests bronchial obstruction.
		Paradoxical movement of the vocal cords is adduction of the true vocal cords on inspiration and abduction on expiration; it causes inspiratory functional airway obstruction and stridor that is often mistaken for asthma.
	www.merck.com /mmpe/sec05/ch045/ch045g.html (364 words)

	Stridor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In general, high pitched stridor usually is caused by obstruction at the level of the glottis; lower-pitched stridor often is caused by higher lesions occurring in the nose, nasopharynx, and supraglottic larynx.
		Stridor produced by an obstructive lesion above the laryngeal glottis is usually inspiratory and caused by the collapse of nonrigid soft tissues above the glottis by the negative pressure generated during inspiration.
		Biphasic stridor is usually higher in pitch, it results from fixed obstruction at the level of the glottis or subglottis, the area defined by the limits of the cricoid ring, but lesions extending down to the midtracheal region also may result in biphasic stridor.
	home.coqui.net /myrna/stridor.htm (1413 words)

	Stridor Encyclopedia Article @ Gasped.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Wherever possible, attempts should be made to immediately establish the cause of the stridor (e.g., foreign body, vocal cord edema, tracheal compression by tumor, functional laryngeal dyskinesia, etc.) That examination requires visualization of the airway by a team of medical experts equipped to control the airway.
		Congenital anomalies of the airway are present in 87% of all cases of stridor in infants and children [1].
		Stridor is usually diagnosed on the basis of history and physical examination, with a view to revealing the underlying problem or condition.
	www.gasped.net /encyclopedia/Stridor (627 words)

	Diagnosis of Stridor in Children - November 15, 1999 - American Academy of Family Physicians
		Stridor is a harsh, vibratory sound of variable pitch caused by partial obstruction of the respiratory passages that results in turbulent airflow through the airway.
		Stridor is a distressing symptom to its victims and their parents, and presents a diagnostic challenge to physicians.
		Stridor may occur because of direct compression of the trachea by large objects lodged in the postcricoid region, paraesophageal inflammation, abscess formation or direct extension of the inflammatory process into the trachea by ulceration and fistula formation.
	www.aafp.org /afp/991115ap/2289.html (2670 words)

	Congenital Laryngeal Stridor / Laryngomalacia - Children's Hospital Boston
		Stridor is a high-pitched sound that is heard best when the child breaths in (inspiration).
		Congenital laryngeal stridor is a defect that is present at birth.
		The major symptom of this disorder is the stridor that is heard as the infant breathes.
	www.childrenshospital.org /az/Site2120/printerfriendlypageS2120P0.html (364 words)

	Breathing Sounds - Abnormal (Stridor) - Health EncyclopediaNews Story - WNBC \| New York
		Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or larynx (voice box).
		Stridor may indicate an emergency and should always be evaluated immediately by a health care provider.
		In young children, stridor is a significant sign of airway obstruction and must be treated immediately in order to prevent total airway obstruction.
	www.wnbc.com /encyclopedia/6863843/detail.html (643 words)

	[No title]
		Stridor is the audible symptom produced by the rapid, turbulent flow of air through a narrowed segment of the respiratory tract, more specifically, the large airways.
		Stridor is a symptom and not a diagnosis.
		For auscultation, the bell of the stethoscope is held close to the infant's mouth and nose to determine whether the stridor is primarily inspiratory or expiratory and which phase of respiration is prolonged.
	www.childsdoc.org /spring98/stridor/stridor.asp (2529 words)

	Greater Information Home Page
		Stridor is a high-pitched sound that is heard best when the child breaths in (inspiration).
		Congenital laryngeal stridor is a defect that is present at birth.
		The major symptom of this disorder is the stridor that is heard as the infant breathes.
	www.gbmc.org /greaterinformation/?pageid=P02031 (398 words)

	Breathing Sounds - Abnormal (Stridor) - Health Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or larynx (voice box).
		Stridor may indicate an emergency and should always be evaluated immediately by a health care provider.
		In young children, stridor is a significant sign of airway obstruction and must be treated immediately in order to prevent total airway obstruction.
	www.wral.com /encyclopedia/6863843/detail.html (593 words)

	Wheezing and Stridor
		Stridor, by contrast, is the typically shorter, crowing sound which is often evident during inspiration and expiration, but which is louder and longer during inspiration.
		Stridor is almost universally associated with mechanical or functional narrowing of the larynx or subglottic airways.
		Clinically, stridor is most commonly heard with either viral/bacterial infections, usually of infants and children, which result in epiglottitis or laryngitis.
	www.nlhep.org /books/pul_Pre/wheezing-stridor.html (1550 words)

	Stridor \| AHealthyMe.com
		Stridor is a term used to describe noisy breathing in general, and to refer specifically to a high-pitched crowing sound associated with croup, respiratory infection, and airway obstruction.
		During childhood, stridor is usually caused by infection of the cartilage flap (epiglottis) that covers the opening of the windpipe to prevent choking during swallowing.
		When stridor is caused by a condition that slowly narrows the airway, crowing and wheezing may not develop until the obstruction has become severe.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100587516 (429 words)

	Stridor - Definition, Description, Demographics, Causes and symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, Prevention, ...
		Stridor as a complication of bacterial infections is also common in children under age eight.
		During childhood, stridor is usually caused by infection of the cartilage flap (epiglottis) that covers the opening of the trachea to prevent material from entering the lungs and choking a person during swallowing.
		When stridor is present in a newborn, pediatricians and neonatologists also look for evidence of heart defects or neurological disorders that may cause paralysis of the vocal cords.
	www.healthofchildren.com /S/Stridor.html (948 words)

	Stridor in Neonates, Infants, & Children (Apr.1998)
		Stridor in and of itself is not a diagnosis but merely a symptom of underlying pathology.
		Acute croup is the most common cause of acute stridor in children caused by the parainfluenza virus typically occurs in fall and spring.
		The stridor is worsened while crying or in an excited state, often in the supine position where the supraglottic structures may collapse inward.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Stridor-infants-980415/Stridor-infants-980415.html (2978 words)

	Noisy breathing in children (stridor): What causes it? - MayoClinic.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or voice box (larynx).
		Stridor is different from wheezing, which is due to narrowed airways in the lung and usually heard when a child breathes out (exhales).
		Stridor usually indicates a problem that should be evaluated immediately by a doctor.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/stridor/AN01222 (245 words)

	Stridor
		Stridor is a high-pitched sound that is usually heard best when a child breaths in (inspiration).
		Usually, the stridor is heard when the child breathes in (inspiration), but can also be heard when the child breathes out (expiration).
		Stridor is usually diagnosed solely on the medical history and physical examination of your child.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /uvahealth/peds_ent/stridor.cfm (1126 words)

	Stridor, Aspiration, and Cough (Jan.2000)
		Stridor, aspiration, and cough are all symptoms of underlying diseases.
		Inspiratory, "wet" stridor occurs with obstruction in the pharynx, tongue, or supraglottis.
		A careful history should be obtained in the patient with stridor, noting the age of onset, severity, progression, fluctuation, exacerbating and alleviating factors, and related symptoms such as hoarseness, feeding difficulties, and sleep disturbances.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Stridor-200001/Stridor-200001.htm (5429 words)

	Stridor
		Stridor is a high pitched, harsh, vibratory noise caused by partial airway obstruction, which results in turbulent airflow.
		Stridor is typically heard on inspiration, but can also be heard on expiration and may also be biphasic.
		Biphasic stridor can indicate edema near the cricoid cartilage that surrounds the trachea and is indicative of a fixed caliber of airway unaffected by changes in intrathoracic pressure.
	pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu /stridor.html (528 words)

	stridor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A common example of stridor would be the characteristic sound of breathing during a croup attack.
		Another cause of stridor, which is persistent and not part of an acute illness, occurs with the congenital malformation of laryngomalacia or tracheomalacia.
		Stridor can also be caused by a foreign object lodged in the throat.
	www.drhull.com /EncyMaster/S/stridor.html (206 words)

	Diagnosis of Stridor in Children American Family Physician - Find Articles
		The word "stridor" is derived from the Latin word "stridulus," which means creaking, whistling or grating.
		The inspiratory stridor is usually worse when the child is in a supine position, when crying or agitated, or when an upper respiratory tract infection occurs.(2)
		The condition is caused most commonly by parainfluenza virus, but it can also be caused by influenza virus types A or B, respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses.(4) Croup usually occurs in children six months to six years of age, with a peak incidence in the second year of life.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_8_60/ai_58267000 (887 words)

	ACUTE STRIDOR IN MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is found that acute stridor could either be the presenting sign of myasthenia gravis or occur during the treatment of this disease.
		Stridor due to vocal cord paralysis is an uncommon presentation of MG and functional upper airway obstruction is not described in current neurology textbooks (2,4).
		In the literature, acute stridor as a presenting sign of MG (1,3) stridor after exposure to chlorine gas (5), precipitation of myasthenic syndrome following surgery and anesthesia with succinylcholine (1) were reported.
	www.med.ege.edu.tr /~norolbil/2001/NBD17601.html (952 words)

	Ear, Nose, and Throat - Stridor
		Stridor is a high-pitched sound that is usually heard best when a child breaths in (inspiration).
		Usually, the stridor is heard when the child breathes in (inspiration), but can also be heard when the child breathes out (expiration).
		Stridor is usually diagnosed solely on the medical history and physical examination of your child.
	www.musckids.com /health_library/ent/stridor.htm (1114 words)

	eMedicine - Stridor : Article by Brian E Benson, MD
		Stridor is a symptom, not a diagnosis or disease, and the underlying cause must be determined.
		Stridor may be inspiratory, expiratory, or biphasic depending on its timing in the respiratory cycle.
		Laryngomalacia is the most common cause of inspiratory stridor in the neonatal period and early infancy and accounts for up to 75% of all cases of stridor.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2159.htm (2410 words)

	eMJA: Biphasic stridor in infancy
		The stridor was not related to her position or to her level of wakefulness.
		Patients with biphasic stridor (such as that caused by a vascular ring) are often initially misdiagnosed as having asthma because of noisy respirations, although stridor is never a sign of asthma, but rather of proximal airway compromise.
		Stridor in laryngomalacia more commonly occurs after several weeks of age, is usually limited to inspiration and varies with posture and airflow (eg, it is louder with crying).
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/180_07_050404/spe10666_fm.html (1706 words)

	Stridor and Laryngomalacia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Stridor is the sound produced by turbulent flow of air through a narrowed segment of the respiratory tract.
		Stridor is a sign of some type of problem, and iis not a diagnosis itself.
		The stridor may worsen over the next few months, is at it’s worst at around six months and then gradually improves.
	www.pedisurg.com /PtEducENT/Stridor&laryngomalacia.htm (748 words)

	Pediatric Advisor 2006.2: Croup
		Stridor is usually present only with crying or coughing.
		As the disease becomes worse, stridor also occurs when your child is sleeping or relaxed.
		Stridor is caused by the opening between the vocal cords becoming more narrow.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/pa/pa_croup_hhg.htm (601 words)

	The role of radiology in the evaluation of stridor -- Goodman and McHugh 81 (5): 456 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
		Stridor is a medium pitched respiratory noise caused by partial obstruction of the large airways at the level of the pharynx,
		Stridor can be divided into an acute or subacute/chronic type of presentation.
		Stridor and upper airway obstruction in infants and children.
	adc.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/81/5/456 (1847 words)

	Stridor - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
		Stridor is a high-pitched sound that is usually heard when a child breathes in (inspiration).
		Sometimes, the stridor is heard when the child breathes in (inspiration) and can also be heard when the child breathes out (expiration).
		Stridor is usually diagnosed relying on the medical history and physical examination of your child.
	www.chop.edu /consumer/your_child/condition_section_index.jsp?id=-8014 (1145 words)

	AllRefer Health - Breathing Sounds - Abnormal (Stridor) (Stridor)
		Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or larynx, also called an extrathoracic airway obstruction.
		Stridor may indicate an emergency and should always be evaluated immediately by a health care provider.
		In young children, stridor is a significant sign of airway obstruction and must be treated immediately in order to prevent total airway obstruction.
	health.allrefer.com /health/breathing-sounds-abnormal-stridor-info.html (376 words)

	Congenital Laryngeal Stridor - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
		The stridor is usually heard when the infant breathes in (inspiration).
		The stridor is usually less noisy when the child is laying on her stomach.
		In addition to a complete medical history and physical examination, diagnostic procedures for congenital laryngeal stridor may include a bronchoscopy of the airways—a procedure which involves a tube being passed into the airways to allow your child's physician to observe the airways during breathing.
	www.chop.edu /consumer/your_child/condition_section_index.jsp?id=-8015 (331 words)

	Voice Information and Resources from Voiceproblem.org
		Noisy breathing (stridor) is a sign of obstruction or narrowing of the laryngeal or tracheal parts of the airway.
		Stridor is a sign of difficulty passing air.
		Stridor is most often seen when infants are awake and active or feeding.
	www.voicefoundation.org /voiceproblem/disorders/pediatricdisorders/understanding.php (3262 words)

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