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	Fundamental interaction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The modern quantum mechanical view of the three fundamental forces (all except gravity) is that particles of matter (fermions) do not directly interact with each other but rather exchange by virtual particles (bosons) called interaction carriers or interaction mediators (as, for example, virtual photons in case of interaction of electric charges).
		Electromagnetism is a long-ranged force that is relatively strong, and therefore describes almost all phenomena of our everyday experience—phenomena ranging all the way from lasers and radios to the structure of atoms and the structure of metals to friction and rainbows.
		One of the main effects of the strong force, is that it tightly holds two protons together in the Helium nucleus, despite their tremendous electric repulsion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fundamental_force (1306 words)

	Strong interaction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The strong interaction or strong force is today understood to represent the interactions between quarks and gluons as detailed by the theory of quantum chromodynamics.
		The strong force is the fundamental force mediated by gluons, acting upon quarks, antiquarks, and the gluons themselves.
		This force was postulated to overcome the electric repulsion between protons in the nucleus, and for its strength (at short distances) it was dubbed the "strong force".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Strong_force (417 words)

	Fundamental Forces
		One of the four fundamental forces, the electromagnetic force manifests itself through the forces between charges (Coulomb's Law) and the magnetic force, both of which are summarized in the Lorentz force law.
		The electromagnetic force is a force of infinite range which obeys the inverse square law, and is of the same form as the gravity force.
		The discovery of the W and Z particles in 1983 was hailed as a confirmation of the theories which connect the weak force to the electromagnetic force in electroweak unification.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/forces/funfor.html (1170 words)

	Weak Nuclear Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In physics, the weak nuclear force or weak interaction is one of the four fundamental forces of nature.
		Although the weak nuclear force used to be described by Fermi's theory of a contact four-fermion interaction, today we know that it is mediated by the W and Z bosons.
		The Standard Model of particle physics describes the electromagnetic force and the weak nuclear force as two different aspects of a single electroweak force, the theory of which was developed around 1968 by Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg (more at W and Z bosons).
	www.wikiverse.org /weak-nuclear-force (499 words)

	Strong interaction -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The residual strong force holds together hadrons such as in the (A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction) nucleus of an ((physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element) atom.
		Here the mediating particle is a bosonic hadron or (An elementary particle responsible for the forces in the atomic nucleus; a hadron with a baryon number of 0) meson.
		Unlike the other fundamental forces, the strong interaction also acts on the strong (Click link for more info and facts about exchange particle) exchange particles themselves, since gluons carry color charge.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/st/strong_interaction.htm (568 words)

	strong force concept from the Astronomy knowledge base (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Strong interactions are so called because they occur in the extremely short time of about 10
		Strong interactions can occur only when the particles involved are less than 3 fermis apart.
		The residual effects of these forces are responsible for the forces between protons and neutrons.
	www.site.uottawa.ca:4321 /astronomy/strongforce.html (219 words)

	Four Fundamental Interaction
		Two new forces are introduced when discussing nuclear phenomena: the strong and weak interactions.
		The strong force, which we generally call the nuclear force, is actually the force that binds quarks together to form baryons (3 quarks) and mesons (a quark and an anti-quark).
		The residual strong force between two protons can be described by the exchange of a neutral pion.
	www.lbl.gov /abc/wallchart/chapters/04/0.html (764 words)

	Inquiring Minds - Questions About Physics
		The four forces of nature are the strong force, the electromagnetic force, the weak force, and the gravitational force.
		The equation for the force exerted by gravity is:
		The strong force also acts between protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus much in the same way that simple chemicals are held together by the electric force.
	www.fnal.gov /pub/inquiring/questions/strong_force.html (1420 words)

	III 5 The Nature of the Strong Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The strong nuclear force is a manifestation of electromagnetic force in which the distances involved between centers of electrical charge are within the structure of quarks as opposed to the distances between the centers being the distances of atomic nuclei and electrons.
		The SU(3) symmetry associated with the strong nuclear force is proposed to be caused by the triplet unit particle of matter substructure proposed for the quarks.
		The strong force, or energy interactions involving quarks, exhibit SU(3) symmetry because the quark is composed of three co-located U(1) centers of energy rotation in which the energy is in a closed loop rotation or "special" rotation.
	www.starlight-pub.com /Matter/PartIII/III5StrongForce.html (919 words)

	Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Commonly experienced as a "push" or "pull," force is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction.
		The study of forces in equilibrium is statics; that of forces and motion is dynamics.
		The gravitational force and the electromagnetic force have an infinite range.
	www.neutron.anl.gov /hyper-physics/force.html (169 words)

	Learn more about Strong interaction in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The strong nuclear force or strong interaction is a fundamental force of nature which affects only quarks, antiquarks, and gluons.
		Particles can only exist if their total color is neutral, meaning that they can either be composed of a red, green and blue quark (such a particle is called a baryon; protons and neutrons are examples), or of a quark and an anti-quark having the corresponding anti-color (such a particle is called a meson).
		It is conjectured as the quarks are moved really close, the quarks no longer interact via the strong interaction, and become `free' - this is called asymptotic freedom.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /s/st/strong_interaction.html (657 words)

	"Getting Around The Coriolis Force" - Revised Nov 15, 2000
		The Coriolis effect is a force in the first sense, but not in the second sense: nothing is actually pushing or pulling on anything, the acceleration is due to the fact that the observer is moving in a circle.
		The very low pressure at the center of the hurricane means that there is a strong force pulling air towards the center, but the high speed of the wind invokes the Coriolis effect strongly enough that the forces reach a kind of balance.
		The net force on air at the eye wall is a centripetal force large enough to keep the air out at a given radius determined by its speed.
	www.physics.ohio-state.edu /~dvandom/Edu/newcor.html (2564 words)

	The Strong Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The strong force is strictly an attractive force which acts between nucleons (protons and neutrons).
		This is the force that overcomes the repulsive force within an atom due to the electromagnetic force and holds the nucleus together.
		The strong force actually acts between quarks, and it's the residual strong force (similar to the residual electromagnetic force) that causes nucleons to attract.
	blueflag.phys.yorku.ca /yhep/strong.html (115 words)

	strong force
		One of the four fundamental forces of nature, along with gravity, electromagnetism, and the weak force.
		The strong force is the interaction responsible for binding quarks and gluons to make hadrons.
		Residual strong interactions provide the nuclear binding force; in nuclear physics the term strong interaction is also used for this residual effect.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/strong_force.html (159 words)

	Nuclear Forces Holding Protons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Bob Hartwell ===================================================== Dear Matt, The protons (and neutrons) in a nucleus are held together by the "strong force".
		This force is about 100 times stronger than the electromagnetic force which produces the repulsive force between objects with the same sign of charge.
		The range of the strong force, however, is very short -- about 1.0E-13m = 0.0000000000001 meters, which explains why all nuclei are this size or somewhat larger.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/phy00/phy00872.htm (265 words)

	Forces
		There are for example, the forces that keep the cells together to build up the human body, and there is the gravitational force that keeps us on the ground and the moon in orbit around the earth.
		Since there were only two basic forces known in the beginning of the 20th century, gravitation and electromagnetism, and it was seen that electromagnetism is responsible for the forces in the atom, it was natural to believe that it was also responsible for the forces keeping the nucleus together.
		The Strong Nuclear Force is an attractive force between protons and neutrons that keep the nucleus together and the Weak Nuclear Force is responsible for the radioactive decay of certain nuclei.
	www.nobel.se /physics/articles/brink/index.html (4640 words)

	How the Strong Force fits in Ring Theory
		Strong force is a polar effect which sums to zero for every ring.
		In the same way there are no strong force carriers, although they are thought to be the Pions, but once more the pions are the result of the strong force interaction, not the underlying cause.
		The internal chase force between planckons seems to act to oppose the action of the gravitational field, which reduces the chase energy available to move the photon to a 'free space' speed, resulting in a lower local c.
	www.mlawrence.co.uk /a42ch301.htm (6303 words)

	String Theory of the Strong Nuclear Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The subject of string theory arose in the late 1960's in an attempt to describe strong nuclear forces.
		This approach to the description of strong nuclear forces was a quite active subject for about five years, until it was abandoned because it ran into various theoretical difficulties and because a better theory came along.
		Another important development during this period (in 1971) was the discovery that to incorporate a class of elementary particles called fermions (electrons and quarks are examples) string theory requires a two-dimensional version of supersymmetry.
	www.theory.caltech.edu /people/jhs/strings/str131.html (234 words)

	Title Search
		This force is also responsible for the tendency of these complex atoms to stick together to make the hundred thousand different proteins that our life depends upon.
		The strong force (also known as the nuclear force) glues protons and neutrons together to make complex nuclei.
		The weak force conspires with the strong force to create these complex nuclei in the cores of giant stars.
	www.pgw.com /catalog/search.asp?ISBN=156858301X (461 words)

	The Strong Nuclear Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Obviously, the strong nuclear force is not caused by charge because neutrons have no charge.
		All three particles are bound together by "the glue" of the strong nuclear force, and the protons are separated a little bit so the the repelling electric force has a smaller effect.
		However, as Z increases, the electric repelling force among the many protons would cause the nucleus to disintegrate to some degree if it were not for many more neutrons than protons.
	www.cdli.ca /courses/phys3204/unit03/section06/lesson02/6-popup-a.htm (437 words)

	Strong Nuclear Force - Bad Astronomy and Universe Today Forum
		I was just brainstroming and was wondering is it possible that it is the strong nuclear force that generates gravity.
		The strong force is sort of like a fancy version of electrical charges.
		Protons and neutrons are made of smaller particles (quarks) that not only have electrical charges but also have "color": red green and blue (they aren't actually real colors as a quark is much smaller than even the wavelength in blue light so the terms are just a convention everybody uses).
	www.bautforum.com /showthread.php?t=27128 (496 words)

	fUSION Anomaly. Messenger Particles
		The smallest bundles of the strong force are known as gluons and those of the weak force are known as weak gauge bosons (or more precisely, the W and Z bosons).
		Similarly, the gluons and weak gauge bosons are the messenger particles for the strong and weak nuclear forces.
		The weak force, which is responsible for certain kinds of particle transmutations involved in radioactive decay, is mediated by the weak gauge bosons.
	www.fusionanomaly.net /messengerparticles.html (440 words)

	Residual Strong Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The answer is that, in short, they don't call it the strong force for nothing.
		The strong force between the quarks in one proton and the quarks in another proton is strong enough to overwhelm the repulsive electromagnetic force.
		This is called the residual strong interaction, and it is what "glues" the nucleus together.
	pdg.ge.infn.it /particleadventure/frameless/residualstrong.html (96 words)

	THE STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The strong nuclear force (also referred to as the strong force) is one of the four basic forces in nature (the others being gravity, the electromagnetic force, and the weak nuclear force).
		If they can't get that close, the strong force is too weak to make them stick together, and other competing forces (usually the electromagnetic force) can influence the particles to move apart.
		Also, the neutrons are a source of more strong force for the nucleus since they participate in the meson exchange.
	aether.lbl.gov /www/tour/elements/stellar/strong/strong.html (546 words)

	The Strong Nuclear Force
		Well the strong nuclear force is actually what keeps the atomic nucleus from flying apart due to the positive electromagnetic charge of the protons pushing apart.
		The carrier of the strong nuclear force in an atomic nucleus is the pion (pi-plus meson).
		The carrier of the strong nuclear force that holds quarks together is the gluon.
	www.geocities.com /quantum_00_2000/4forces/strongforce.html (431 words)

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