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Topic: Strong nuclear force

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Color charge

Elementary particle

Strong interaction

Gluon

Standard Model

Weak nuclear force

Weak interaction

Chargino

Meson

Quantum chromodynamics

Baryon

Binding energy

SU(3)XSU(2)XU(1)

W and Z bosons

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	Strong interaction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The strong interaction or strong force is today understood to represent the interactions between quarks and gluons as detailed by the theory of quantum chromodynamics.
		The strong force is the fundamental force mediated by gluons, acting upon quarks, antiquarks, and the gluons themselves.
		This force was postulated to overcome the electric repulsion between protons in the nucleus, and for its strength (at short distances) it was dubbed the "strong force".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Strong_nuclear_force (417 words)

	Nuclear weapon - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nuclear weapons are often described as either fission or fusion devices based on the dominant source of the weapon's energy.
		This form of radioactive contamination is known as nuclear fallout and poses the primary risk of exposure to ionizing radiation for a large nuclear weapon.
		Nuclear weapons are relatively inefficient in their use of fissionable material, and much of the uranium and plutonium is dispersed by the explosion without undergoing fission.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /nuclear_weapon.htm (5053 words)

	Fundamental interaction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Electromagnetism and the weak nuclear forces have been shown to be two aspects of a single electroweak force.
		Electromagnetism is a long-ranged force that is relatively strong, and therefore describes almost all phenomena of our everyday experience—phenomena ranging all the way from lasers and radios to the structure of atoms and the structure of metals to friction and rainbows.
		One of the main effects of the strong force, is that it tightly holds two protons together in the Helium nucleus, despite their tremendous repulsion.
	www.hackettstown.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Fundamental_force (1215 words)

	Weak nuclear force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The weak nuclear force or weak interaction is one of the four fundamental forces of nature.
		Although the weak nuclear force used to be described by Fermi's theory of a contact four-fermion interaction, today we know that it is mediated by the W and Z bosons.
		The Standard Model of particle physics describes the electromagnetic force and the weak nuclear force as two different aspects of a single electroweak force, the theory of which was developed around 1968 by Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg (more at W and Z bosons).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Weak_nuclear_force (440 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The strong nuclear force or strong interaction is a fundamental force of nature which affects only quarks, antiquarks, and gluons.
		This force is responsible for binding quarks together to form hadrons (including protons and neutrons), and the residual effects also bind these neutrons and protons together in the nucleus of the atom.
		Particles can only exist if their total color is neutral, meaning that they can either be composed of a red, green and blue quark (such a particle is called a baryon; protons and neutrons are examples), or of a quark and an anti-quark having the corresponding anti-color (such a particle is called a meson).
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/s/st/strong_interaction.html (558 words)

	Paradoxes Resolved, Origins Illuminated - Strong and weak nuclear forces in Meta Model
		The force between the quarks within the nucleons is thought to be directly proportional to some function of r (probably something like r^n, with n being a positive number).
		It seems that it is not the "real" strong nuclear force, but only a residual "side effect" (mediated by quark-antiquark pairs called mesons) of the strong nuclear force acting between the quarks (mediated by gluons, the gauge bosons of the strong nuclear force).
		So, in summary, the strong nuclear force between the quarks seems to be in a direct relationship to some function of distance, while the residual strong interaction between the nucleons seems to be an inverse exponential force.
	www.metaresearch.org /msgboard/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=469 (944 words)

	Fundamental Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		One of the four fundamental forces, the electromagnetic force manifests itself through the forces between charges (Coulomb's Law) and the magnetic force, both of which are summarized in the Lorentz force law.
		The electromagnetic force is a force of infinite range which obeys the inverse square law, and is of the same form as the gravity force.
		The discovery of the W and Z particles in 1983 was hailed as a confirmation of the theories which connect the weak force to the electromagnetic force in electroweak unification.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/forces/funfor.html (1170 words)

	Cyberphysics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Nuclear radiation emanates from the nucleus of an atom.
		Nuclear mass is virtually the same as the atomic mass because the electrons have such tiny mass compared to the mass of electrons and protons.
		Radioactive nuclear decay occurs whenever a nucleus is in an energy-state that is not the lowest possible for its nucleon number.
	www.cyberphysics.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /topics/physics/radioact/Radio/Glossary.htm (4485 words)

	The Strong Nuclear Force
		Well the strong nuclear force is actually what keeps the atomic nucleus from flying apart due to the positive electromagnetic charge of the protons pushing apart.
		The carrier of the strong nuclear force in an atomic nucleus is the pion (pi-plus meson).
		The carrier of the strong nuclear force that holds quarks together is the gluon.
	www.geocities.com /quantum_00_2000/4forces/strongforce.html (431 words)

	The Strong Nuclear Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Obviously, the strong nuclear force is not caused by charge because neutrons have no charge.
		All three particles are bound together by "the glue" of the strong nuclear force, and the protons are separated a little bit so the the repelling electric force has a smaller effect.
		Here's the reason presented in your textbook: even though the nuclear force between the nucleons is strong, it acts only over a very, very, very tiny distance.
	www.cdli.ca /courses/phys3204/unit03/section06/lesson02/6-popup-a.htm (437 words)

	III 5 The Nature of the Strong Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		As deduced by the Unit Particle of Matter Substructure Theory, the tripolar color charge of the strong nuclear force is caused by the energy composing a quark being bound in a closed loop rotation about a quark triplet unit particle of matter substructure.
		The strong nuclear force is a manifestation of electromagnetic force in which the distances involved between centers of electrical charge are within the structure of quarks as opposed to the distances between the centers being the distances of atomic nuclei and electrons.
		The SU(3) symmetry associated with the strong nuclear force is proposed to be caused by the triplet unit particle of matter substructure proposed for the quarks.
	www.starlight-pub.com /Matter/PartIII/III5StrongForce.html (919 words)

	Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The strong force is strictly an attractive force which acts between nucleons (protons and neutrons).
		This is the force that overcomes the repulsive force within an atom due to the electromagnetic force and holds the nucleus together.
		The strong force actually acts between quarks, and it's the residual strong force (similar to the residual electromagnetic force) that causes nucleons to attract.
	mikrotorr.net /strong.html (113 words)

	A world of particles.The standard model. Inside the atom. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The strong nuclear force is a new force needed to explain why protons and neutrons bind in the nucleus.
		The strong nuclear force is actually a force between quarks and is carried by particles called gluons.
		Fundamental particles that don't feel the strong nuclear force are all in the family of leptons.
	www.schoolscience.co.uk /content/4/physics/particles/particlesmodel2.html (657 words)

	Archimedes Plutonium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		If nuclear electrons and hyasis were not the case then a neutron inside a nucleus would not have the tendency to become protons and back to neutrons and vice versa, but rather instead remain their original identity as a proton or neutron and not flip back and forth.
		That explanation is this: the strong nuclear force is the result of the neutrons being nuclear electrons and protons where the nuclear electrons are shared by all of the protons of the nucleus.
		A math equation of the Strong Nuclear which predicts the percentage of natural abundance of each of the isotopes and tells which of the isotopes in each element is stable to all radioactive decay.
	www.iw.net /~a_plutonium/File026.html (17072 words)

	Four Fundamental Interaction
		Two new forces are introduced when discussing nuclear phenomena: the strong and weak interactions.
		The strong force, which we generally call the nuclear force, is actually the force that binds quarks together to form baryons (3 quarks) and mesons (a quark and an anti-quark).
		On the other hand, because the exchange particles for the strong and weak forces have a large mass, the force associated with them is zero outside of a short range.
	www.lbl.gov /abc/wallchart/chapters/04/0.html (764 words)

	The strong nuclear force (from subatomic particle) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Although the aptly named strong nuclear force is the strongest of all the fundamental forces, it, like the weak nuclear force, is short-ranged and is ineffective much beyond nuclear distances of 10
		The weak force acts upon all known fermions—i.e., elementary particles with an intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, of half a unit.
		At the center of each atom is a tiny core called a nucleus that is surrounded by a cloud of electrons—electrically charged particles that move in the outer regions of the atom.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-60737?tocId=60737 (928 words)

	String Theory of the Strong Nuclear Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The subject of string theory arose in the late 1960's in an attempt to describe strong nuclear forces.
		This approach to the description of strong nuclear forces was a quite active subject for about five years, until it was abandoned because it ran into various theoretical difficulties and because a better theory came along.
		Another important development during this period (in 1971) was the discovery that to incorporate a class of elementary particles called fermions (electrons and quarks are examples) string theory requires a two-dimensional version of supersymmetry.
	www.theory.caltech.edu /people/jhs/strings/str131.html (234 words)

	strong nuclear force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		One of the four fundamental forces of nature, the other three being the gravitational force or gravity, the electromagnetic force, and the weak nuclear force.
		The strong nuclear force was first described by the Japanese physicist Hideki Yukawa in 1935.
		The particle that is the carrier of the strong nuclear force is the gluon, of which there are eight kinds, each with zero mass and zero charge.
	www.uk.tiscali.com /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0029028.html (202 words)

	Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This is the force that acts at small distances within an atoms nuclei and maintains the stability of this nuclei in spite of their tendency to fly apart because of the Coulomb repulsion due to similar charged particles.
		It is the exclusive force between electrons and neutrinos, but the same force (albeit much weaker than the electric or strong nuclear force) exists even between two protons.
		However, at a longer distances both the nuclear forces are reduced to zero, and only the electrostatic and the gravitational forces remain of importance.
	mikrotorr.net /four.html (507 words)

	Strong Nuclear Force - Bad Astronomy and Universe Today Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		I was just brainstroming and was wondering is it possible that it is the strong nuclear force that generates gravity.
		The strong force is sort of like a fancy version of electrical charges.
		Protons and neutrons are made of smaller particles (quarks) that not only have electrical charges but also have "color": red green and blue (they aren't actually real colors as a quark is much smaller than even the wavelength in blue light so the terms are just a convention everybody uses).
	www.bautforum.com /showthread.php?t=27128 (496 words)

	Radioactive decay and radioactivity
		The strong nuclear force is a very strong attractive force for protons and neutrons separated by a few femtometers, but is basically negligible for larger distances.
		The tug-of-war between the attractive force of the strong nuclear force and the repulsive electrostatic force between protons has interesting implications for the stability of a nucleus.
		Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nuclear binding energy, which is why nuclear reactions give you much more energy than chemical reactions; those involve changes in electron binding energies.
	physics.bu.edu /~duffy/PY106/Radioactivity.html (1644 words)

	Strong interaction : Strong nuclear force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This leads to a very limited range of the strong interaction (not much farther than the hadron's radius) even though the gluon doesn't have mass.
		It is conjectured as the quarks are moved really close, the quarks does no longer interact via the strong interaction, and become `free' - this is called asymptotic freedom[?].
		There was something in the sound which belonged to the abyss force, had obeyed, and had lain with her face to the wall, close up to a fire.html">fire which was consuming the debris of an old life--the fire of Orlando, when they had reached a shrub-covered hillock.
	www.termsdefined.net /st/strong-nuclear-force.html (720 words)

	THE STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The strong nuclear force (also referred to as the strong force) is one of the four basic forces in nature (the others being gravity, the electromagnetic force, and the weak nuclear force).
		The strong nuclear force is created between nucleons by the exchange of particles called mesons.
		If they can't get that close, the strong force is too weak to make them stick together, and other competing forces (usually the electromagnetic force) can influence the particles to move apart.
	aether.lbl.gov /www/tour/elements/stellar/strong/strong.html (546 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On Strong Nuclear Force
		The strong nuclear force can be tested more accurately with new measurements made with the help of methods developed by Wijngaarden.
		According to the principle, there is also a strong nuclear force that is precisely tuned and a 2 percent of 5 percent change would destroy life on earth.
		Mesons are particles that contain a quark and an antiquark that are held together by the strong nuclear force.
	physics.surfwax.com /files/Strong_Nuclear_Force.html (725 words)

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