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Topic: Strontium titanate

	Strontium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Strontium is a bright silvery metal that is softer than calcium and even more reactive in water; strontium will decompose on contact to produce strontium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
		Strontium titanate has an extremely high refractive index and an optical dispersion greater than that of diamond, making it useful in a variety of optics applications.
		Strontium chloride is sometimes used in toothpastes for sensitive teeth.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Strontium (1222 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Cerium-modified doped strontium titanate compositions of a wide variety of formulas in accordance with the invention can be made by providing a mixture, preferably a homogenous mixture, of cerium and one or more transition metals or other dopants for making a strontium titanate composition as described herein.
		In a further embodiment of the invention, a cerium-modified strontium titanate composition is provided that has thermal expansion characteristics that correspond to thermal expansion characteristics of a preselected solid oxide electrolyte material, such as, for example, a doped zirconia, a doped ceria, a doped lanthanum gallate or a doped bismuth oxide.
		A doped strontium titanate solid oxide fuel cell anode can be made in accordance with one aspect of the invention by providing an electrolyte substrate and applying to the electrolyte substrate an anode layer comprising a composition selected in accordance with the invention.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=03/94268.031113&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (10160 words)

	Strontium titanate - a deformable ceramic
		Materials scientists at the Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Stuttgart have achieved significant plastic deformation in strontium titanate (SrTiO3), an oxide ceramic material hitherto believed to be extremely fragile and brittle at room temperature.
		Strontium titanate is a prominent representative of the group of ceramic oxides, which crystallise in the cubic perovskite structure.
		Detailed microscopical analysis revealed that the deformation in both the high-temperature and the low-temperature regime are carried by the same type of dislocations (at least in the [100] oriented specimens).
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2001-08/m-st-080301.php (514 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		For example, the particles of barium titanate are not uniformly distributed in the plastic housings in view of the fact the diameter of the barium titanate particle is as small as 100 microns, and that the specific gravity of the barium titanate particle is 6.
		For this reason, barium titanate is not commonly used by the industry as an agent to absorb the electromagnetic waves.
		The Barium Strontium Titanate powder 20 of the method of the present invention is an inert material, not a metallic material.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=02/28608.020411&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (2068 words)

	Strontium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Strontium is found chiefly as celestite and strontianite.
		The metal can be prepared by electrolysis of the fused chloride mixed with potassium chloride, or is made by reducing strontium oxide with aluminum in a vacuum at a temperature at which strontium distills off.
		Strontium titanate is an interesting optical material as it has an extremely high refractive index and an optical dispersion greater than that of diamond.
	www.scescape.net /~woods/elements/strontium.html (314 words)

	Strontium Titanate Earrings
		Strontium Titanate is a man-made gemstone and was one of the earliest diamond simulants.
		This listing is for a pair of white Strontium Titanate earrings set in 6-prong sterling silver leverbacks.
		Strontium Titanate is a 5.5-6.0 on the Moh's hardness scale.
	www.lindadonaldson.com /dd/contents/en-us/d16.html (210 words)

	strontium
		Strontium is found chiefly as celestite (SrSO4) and strontianite (SrCO3).
		Natural strontium is a mixture of four isotopes; twelve other unstable isotopes are known to exist Alkaline earth metal; valence of 2; Isotopes: 88 (82.56%), 86 (9.86%), 87 (7.02%), 84 (0.56%); Heated metal combines with hydrogen to form strontium hydride and with nitrogen to form strontium nitride.
		Strontium occurs in nature in celestite (strontium sulfate) use strontianite (strontium carbonate).
	www.speclab.com /elements/strontium.htm (509 words)

	Products for catalysts: Barium Titanate, Calcium Titanate, Strontium Titanate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The titanate additive prevents Vanadium from reacting with the zeolite by acting as a 'sink' or 'trap' for the Vanadium ions.
		Barium, Calcium and Strontium Titanates can all be used to advantage in FCC passivation, usually at levels from 5% to 10%.
		Strontium Titanate has been reported to reduce both hydrogen and coke production whilst retaining activity, but choice is best determined by trial with the feedstock under refiners' operating conditions.
	www.thermograde.co.uk /catalysts.html (350 words)

	Geek.com Geek News - German scientists research new transistor materials
		Strontium titanate is considered by many to be the best candidate to replace silicon dioxide since it should--in theory--scale to smaller dimensions without losing its insulating properties.
		As a result, strontium titanate may become the gate dielectric of choice for 45 nanometer and smaller transistors.
		Even if strontium titanate replaces silicon dioxide in transistors, other technologies will still be required to minimize electrical leakage issues.
	www.geek.com /news/geeknews/2003Dec/bch20040102023294.htm (562 words)

	Radiological Agent: Strontium-90
		Strontium oxide is the compound most likely to be formed from detonation of a strontium metal radiological dispersion device
		Strontium-90 is used in a type of nuclear battery known as a radiosotope thermoelectric generator, or RTG, in which the heat generated by the decay of the isotope is converted by thermocouples into electricity.
		Strontium was discovered in 1787 by William Cruikshank in mineral samples taken from near the Scottish town of Strontian.
	www.cbwinfo.com /Radiological/sr90.shtml (1398 words)

	Method of fabricating high-dielectric constant oxides on semiconductors using a GE buffer layer - Patent 5326721
		When the high-dielectric constant oxide is a lead-containing titanate 34, a buffer layer of non-lead-containing titanate 32 is preferably utilized between the germanium layer and the lead-containing titanate.
		A ferroelectric barium strontium titanate layer 16 is deposited on the germanium layer, and a titanium-tungsten layer 18 is deposited atop the barium strontium titanate 16.
		In this case, the barium strontium titanate 16 generally acts as a buffer layer to prevent reaction between the lead of the lead zirconium titanate 24 and the germanium 14.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5326721.html (3558 words)

	Periodic Table : Scholar edition: strontium : The Essentials
		Strontium does not occur as the free element.
		Freshly cut strontium has a silvery appearance, but rapidly turns a yellowish colour with the formation of the oxide.
		Volatile strontium salts impart an excellent crimson colour to flames, and these salts are used in pyrotechnics.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/scholar/elements/strontium/key.html (362 words)

	Technocrat.net \| Doping Semiconductors with Nothing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Strontium titanate is a titanium-containing material, known commercially as Lustigem, that was once popular as a diamond substitute.
		When atoms were laid down, says Muller, the process happened at great speed so that the atoms were "frozen into place" and thus lacked the energy to break their bonds and move into the next layer.
		At Cornell, Muller used the STEM to identify exactly where each vacancy -- that is, the absence of one atom -- was in the layers within the strontium titanate.
	technocrat.net /article.pl?sid=04/08/23/2246230&mode=thread (852 words)

	Fabrication of thin film effect transistor comprising an organic semiconductor and chemical solution deposited metal ...
		A method according to claim 1 wherein said high dielectric constant insulator is selected from the group barium strontium titanate, barium zirconate titanate, lead zirconate titanate, lead lanthanum titanate, strontium titanate, barium titanate, barium magnesium fluoride, bismuth titanate, strontium bismuth tantalate and strontium bismuth tantalate niobate.
		It is an object of this invention is to demonstrate the fabrication process of TFT structures that contain an inorganic high dielectric constant gate insulator layer (for example, barium strontium titanate) in combination with an organic semiconductor (for example, pentacene).
		The filtrate was the strontium butoxyethoxide stock solution with a concentration of 0.919 moles/liter or 8.92 weight percent of strontium.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5946551.html (5915 words)

	Materials Advance May Help the Semiconductor Industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This micrograph shows a mock field-effect transistor with a layer of crystalline strontium titanate instead of silicon dioxide as the gate electrode.
		In March 1999 the team built a field-effect transistor (FET) using crystalline strontium titanate and demonstrated that it performs as well as conventional transistors.
		Because strontium titanate exerts a stronger influence on the transistor's conductivity than silicon dioxide, the gate electrode can take up less space, compressing the area between the source and drain electrodes and shortening the distance the electrons would travel.
	www.ornl.gov /ORNLReview/rev32_3/material.htm (449 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		While working with strontium titanate, a material with a high dielectric constant (high k) that has applications as a gate dielectric and for DRAM capacitors, researchers noted that the lattice size of the material was such that it might make a good buffer material.
		In fact, when we looked at the crystalline structure of the strontium titanate, it was completely relaxed.
		He knew the lattice match would be pretty good to strontium titanate and, in fact, the second time he attempted to grow it, it was indeed successful." That was a little less than two years ago.
	www.reed-electronics.com /SEMICONDUCTOR/index.asp?layout=articlePrint&articleID=CA163925 (623 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0020014646
		The capacitor of claim 20 wherein the dielectric layer is selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide, lead zirconium titanate, barium strontium titanate, and strontium titanate.
		The capacitor of claim 25 wherein the dielectric layer is selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide, lead zirconium titanate, barium strontium titanate, and strontium titanate.
		The method of claim 29 wherein the semiconductor region comprises polysilicon and wherein the dielectric layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentoxide, lead zirconium tantalate, barium strontium titanate, and strontium titanate.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=1&s1='20020014646'.PGNR.&OS=DN/20020014646&RS=DN/20020014646 (6963 words)

	New insulator strengthens future of Moore's Law - ZDNet UK News
		Using computer simulations, Foerst and his colleagues have explained the process of forming the strontium titanate layer on silicon, and thus predict how the electrical properties can be controlled.
		"If strontium titanate (or maybe in the end another high-k oxide?) is used in transistors, the industry will be able to follow Moore's law," said Foerst.
		He expects strontium titanate -- or a different crystalline high-k oxide -- will have to be used in transistors by 2010 keep up the pace of innovation.
	news.zdnet.co.uk /hardware/chips/0,39020354,39118854,00.htm (699 words)

	New chip insulation to keep Moore's Law humming: ZDNet Australia: News: Business
		In a letter published in the January 1 issue of Nature Clemens Foerst from the Clausthal University of Technology in Germany and colleagues described how to grow strontium titanate — an oxide more suitable for the task — on silicon.
		Strontium titanate is better suited to be an insulator in transistors because it has a higher dielectric constant (k), which leads to it having a higher capacitance, or the ability to store electric charges.
		He expects strontium titanate — or a different crystalline high-k oxide — will have to be used in transistors by 2010 keep up the pace of innovation.
	www.zdnet.com.au /news/business/0,39023166,20282351,00.htm (864 words)

	Chemistry : Periodic Table : strontium : key information
		This sample is from The Elements Collection, an attractive and safely packaged collection of the 92 naturally occurring elements that is available for sale.
		Strontium metal is available commercially and there is no need to make it in the laboratory.
		Strontium metal can also be islated from the reduction of strontium oxide, SrO, with aluminium.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/elements/text/Sr/key.html (395 words)

	TPL, Inc. - Capacitance Products: Barium Titanate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		HPB powders are crystallographically cubic, phase pure barium titanate.
		It is suitable for use in formulating X7R compositions for air fire and reducing atmospheres.
		We are capable of doping barium titanate both homogeneously and heterogeneously to yield either or both or both solid solutions or core/shell compositions.
	www.tplinc.com /HTM/BARIUMTITAN.HTM (248 words)

	Strontium Titanate ( SrTiO3 ) — Properties and Applications
		At very low temperatures, strontium titanate exhibits piezoelectric and superconducting characteristics.
		Strontium titanate also exhibits a very large dielectric constant.
		Strontium titanate finds applications in varistors, while thin strontium titanate films are used in tunable HTS (high temperature superconducting) microwave filters.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=2362 (100 words)

	Making circuits at atomic scale
		In an accompanying commentary to the Nature article called "The value of seeing nothing," Jochen Mannhart of the University of Augsburg, Germany, and Darrell G. Schlom of Pennsylvania State University, observe that the research by Muller and his colleagues "greatly broadens the options available for manipulating the electronic properties of oxides" at the nanometer scale.
		When atoms were laid down, said Muller, the process happened at great speed so that the atoms were "frozen into place" and thus lacked the energy to break their bonds and move into the next layer.
		At Cornell, Muller used the STEM to identify exactly where each vacancy was in the layers within the strontium titanate.
	www.news.cornell.edu /Chronicle/04/8.26.04/Muller.nothing.html (794 words)

	Screening Evaluation of Sodium Nonatitanate for Strontium and Actinide Removal from Alkaline Salt Solution
		Results indicated that the extent and rate of strontium, plutonium, neptunium and uranium removal with MST in radioactive waste agree with those previously measured with simulants.
		Strontium and actinide removal testing utilized the same experimental method previously reported using the MST sorbent.
		Based on the strontium removal results, we conclude that the ST materials appear promising as an alternate material to MST for strontium removal.
	sti.srs.gov /fulltext/tr2000361/tr2000361.html (2720 words)

	Silicon dioxide runs out of roadmap, strontium the answer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A REPORT BY RESEARCHERS at the Technische Universitaet Clausthal said that strontium titanate is a good candidate to stave off the death of Moore's Law.
		The researchers say that whole strontium titanate was believed to be the answer, that was only in theory.
		The simulations explain, atom for atom, how strontium titanate acting as a new gate oxide can be applied to a silicon wafer, in effect acting as two "Lego" like building blocks.
	www.theinquirer.net /?article=13405 (241 words)

	TPL, Inc. - Capacitance Products: Nano-Size Powders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The manufacturing process for barium titanate includes a drying step which induces soft agglomeration (roughly 75 micron size particles).
		In other words, when switching from micron sized powder to nano-sized powder it may be necessary to lengthen milling time.
		Because of the extremely high surface area, higher surfactant concentrations are typically necessary to disperse nano-sized barium titanate relative to micron sized powder.
	www.tplinc.com /HTM/NANO_POWDER.HTM (278 words)

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