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Topic: Structural genomics


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  EUROPA - Research - Fundamental Genomics Research
Structural genomics involves the determination of the 3-D structure of all proteins and RNA molecules encoded in the genomic sequences of living organisms.
Another key area of research in structural genomics is the determination of the structure of membrane proteins which play critical roles in cell function and are implicated in many major diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
However, bottlenecks in the technical pipeline from preparing structure samples to analysing structural data have meant that until recently these technologies were not allowing a sufficiently high throughput of samples to optimise determination of the structures of the thousands of macromolecules still to be solved.
europa.eu.int /comm/research/health/genomics/tabs/structural_genomics_en.htm   (806 words)

  
 Structural genomics
When a number of genomes have been characterized at the structural level, the hope is that, through comparative genomics, it will become possible to deduce the general rules that govern the overall structural organization of all genomes.
Structural genomics proceeds through increasing levels of analytic resolution, starting with the assignment of genes and markers to individual chromosomes, then the mapping of these genes and markers within a chromosome, and finally the preparation of a physical map culminating in sequencing.
Genomic DNA was mechanically sheared and used to obtain a large number of random clones that were presumed to overlap each other in numerous ways.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?tool=bookshelf&call=bv.View..ShowSection&searchterm=chromosome&rid=iga.section.2398   (5407 words)

  
 OSU Structural Genomics Home   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
As sequence information continues to rapidly accumulate from the Human Genome Project and as structure information becomes increasingly available from the Structural Genomics Initiative, the next logical step is to integrate biological information from the molecular level of sequence and structure to the assembly and function of protein complexes.
With the advent of high-throughput experimental and computational strategies for the structural and functional characterization of all proteins in a cell, it is not only desirable but also feasible to model and characterize protein-protein interactions in a systematic way.
Structural and chemical features are extracted, embedded in matroids, and represented as mathematical operations to allow simple indexing algorithms with robust matching and dissimilarity matrices.
genome.osu.edu   (539 words)

  
 Structural genomics
Structural genomics is an emerging area of biological research aimed at solving the complete representative set of protein structures through the application of high-throughput structure determination techniques.
Computational molecular biology created the rationale for structural genomics by deriving the general principles of protein structure organization and by providing a tentative upper boundary for the total number of existing protein folds, efficient ways of their prediction and classification.
Comparative protein sequence and structure analysis is a major cost-saving factor in high-throughput structure determination leading to optimal, most economic selection of targets for X-ray crystallography or NMR studies.
mips.gsf.de /projects/structgenomics   (1711 words)

  
 Structural Genomics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Structural genomics is a worldwide initiative aimed at determining a large number of protein structures in a high throughput mode.
The objective of the Structural Genomics Group of the JBIRC is to develop techniques for the structure determination of human membrane proteins and for the analysis of ligand-protein interactions.
The objective of the S2F structural genomics project is to solve structures of poorly characterized "hypothetical" proteins by using X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy.
www.rcsb.org /pdb/strucgen.html   (2637 words)

  
 NIH Guide: PILOT PROJECTS FOR THE PROTEIN STRUCTURE INITIATIVE (STRUCTURAL GENOMICS)
Utilization of these computational analyses with structural determinations by X-ray crystallography and NMR techniques to study protein structural families constitutes the new field of structural genomics and is the goal of the NIGMS Protein Structure Initiative (PSI).
The structure determination component should be the nucleus of a structural genomics research center and applicants should have considerable expertise and resources in either or both of these techniques.
In addition, dissemination of results of the structural genomics research centers is crucial and applicants should plan on sharing findings and the experiences at the annual meetings for structural genomics grantees and in other appropriate forums.
grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-GM-00-006.html   (3958 words)

  
 Structural Genomics
Structural genomics is an initiative to solve a large percentage by homology modeling.
There are 9 NIH-funded structural genomics centers/consortia in the USA, plus commercial efforts and centers in other countries, for a total of >20 (>70 institutions).
The Status of Structural Genomics through the analysis of current targets and structures.
molvis.sdsc.edu /protexpl/gpsi/stgenomx.htm   (352 words)

  
 NIH News Release-NIGMS Structural Genomics Awards Scale Up Protein Structure Studies- - 09/26/2000
The initial phase begins with today's announcement of the first awards for pilot research centers in structural genomics, a new field dedicated to a broad understanding of protein structures and functions in relation to gene sequences.
Structural genomics, which builds on genome sequencing efforts, can teach us fundamental lessons about biology and can advance efforts in structure-based drug design.
The Midwest Center for Structural Genomics, a consortium of seven institutions, seeks to reduce the average cost to determine a protein structure from $100,000 to $20,000.
www.nih.gov /news/pr/sep2000/nigms-26.htm   (1003 words)

  
 NIH Guide: PROTEIN STRUCTURE INITIATIVE (STRUCTURAL GENOMICS)
Utilization of these computational analyses with structural determinations by X-ray crystallography and/or NMR techniques to study protein structural families constitutes the new field of structural genomics and is the goal of the NIGMS Protein Structure Initiative (PSI).
The resulting basis set of protein structures and structure folds will be crucial in understanding protein structure and evolution, will contribute to the solution of the protein folding problem, and will provide insights into the relationship of structure and function.
This research is crucial for the subsequent development of a structural genomics research program and a structural inventory of proteins in living systems.
grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/pa-files/PA-99-116.html   (2530 words)

  
 RCSB PDB Structural Genomics Information Portal
Structural genomics is a worldwide initiative aimed at quickly determining a large number of protein structures using X-ray crystallographic and NMR technologies.
These structures are being determined in a high throughput mode as the study of protein structure is central in molecular biology and in the understanding of disease.
Worldwide Structural Genomics Initiatives: Worldwide contributing centers with links to their resources, as well as reports for each center including target lists, target status progress, targets in the PDB, and sequence redundancy analyses.
sg.pdb.org   (228 words)

  
 BCB at ISU - BCB Functional and Structural Genomics Research
Structural genomics focuses on unraveling details of the genetic material, primarily through large-scale DNA sequencing efforts.
Their goals are to link genome sequence data with expression patterns and protein accumulation patterns to achieve a higher level understanding of genome function.
Genomics, therefore, is a foundation discipline for the BCB training group and for systems-wide approaches to understanding biological problems.
www.bcb.iastate.edu /research/genomics.html   (243 words)

  
 NWSGC - North West Structural Genomics
Thus, translating genome sequence to large numbers of protein structures via high throughput approaches is of urgent and strategic importance for healthcare as well as for fundamental biology.
In early 2000, a consortium of several groups in the North West of England proposed the establishment of a structure genomics centre (NWSGC) to exploit the unique resources offered by their close proximity to the UK´s current synchrotron radiation source (SRS) which has already contributed to UK´s leading position in Structural Biology.
Recently the IAC held a meeting during the International Structural Genomics Conference in Berlin.
www.nwsgc.ac.uk   (584 words)

  
 International Conference on Structural Genomics 2000   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Structural genomics has now become a focal point targeted for the post-genome sequencing era.
The completed genome sequences, advanced methodologies for structure determination, bioinformatic methods, and extensive protein 3D structural data provide new opportunities for studies of the molecular biology of diseases and drug design.
Major issues of this Conference will be the progress in structural genomics projects, bioinformatics, functional genomics/proteomics, genome analysis, protein expression, structure determination, and related scientific activities.
icsg2000.riken.go.jp   (235 words)

  
 structural genomics glossary
This report focuses on the feasibility of structural genomics of RNA, approaches to determining RNA structures and the potential usefulness of an RNA structural database for both predicting folds and deciphering biological functions of RNA molecules.
The fast-developing fields of structural and functional genomics -- studies of proteins encoded by the entire genome -- are being brought to bear on the problem of understanding the root of many cancers.
Footnote: As traditionally defined, the term structural genomics referred to the use of sequencing and mapping technologies, with bioinformatic support, to develop complete genome maps (genetic, physical, and transcript maps) and to elucidate genomic sequences for different organisms, particularly humans.
www.genomicglossaries.com /content/structural_genomics.asp   (2453 words)

  
 Advanced Computational Structural Genomics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The goal of the Advanced computational structural genomics initiative is to link sequence, structure and function, and to move from analysis of individual macromolecules to macromolecular assemblies and complex oligomeric interactions that make up the complex processes within the cell.
While the crystal structures of the inactive (neutral pH) and active (low pH) forms are known, the molecular details of the large-scale conformational change that produces the activated hemagglutinin, and of the binding of the fusion peptide to the cell surface receptors, are not known.
Structural biology will have its own terminology and specific algorithms that apply within the specific domain, but may not be useful or identical to, for example, the genome community.
cbcg.lbl.gov /ssi-csb/Meso.html   (10438 words)

  
 Structural Genomics of Bacterial Secretion Systems
A 'structural genomics' project has been initiated aimed at determining the structures of 50 hypothetical proteins from Haemophilus influenzae to gain an understanding of their function.
This pilot project in structural proteomics aimed at assessing the feasibility of large-scale, high-throughput cloning, expression and purification of protein samples for structural biology.
The central aim of the Harvard Structural Genomics of Cancer initiative is to link the development of tools for high throughput structure determination to the creation of a comprehensive structural database of proteins and protein domains affecting cell growth and tumorigenesis.
www.biochem.wustl.edu /~StrucGen/sg_sglinks.htm   (677 words)

  
 Structural Genomics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The massive amount of data generated by the various completed genomes is only useful if the genes can be correlated to protein function.
Structural genomics is an effort to complete high throughput structure determination of many proteins with unknown folds.
In our efforts to facilitate rapid structure determination, we have been employing the use of in vitro expression systems to selectively label samples combined with automated assignment methods.
www.cchem.berkeley.edu /~wemmer/Research/BSGC/bsgc.html   (278 words)

  
 Structural Genomics at BNL   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Structural genomics is the systematic determination of 3-dimensional structures of proteins representative of the range of protein structure and function found in nature.
BNL is a member of the New York Structural Genomics Research Consortium (NYSGRC), which is supported by the Protein Structure Initiative of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) to be a Pilot Structural Genomics Center.
BNL is independently taking a structural genomics approach to gain structural information about human proteins that are involved in sensing and repairing DNA damage.
proteome.bnl.gov   (245 words)

  
 2004 GRC on Structural, Functional & Evolutionary Genomics
It will take a systematic approach to genomics, examining the evolution of proteins, protein functional sites, protein-protein interactions, regulatory networks, and metabolic networks.
Emphasis will be placed on what we can learn from comparative genomics and entire genomes and proteomes.
"Genomic analysis of the evolution of olfactory genes in vertebrates"
www.grc.uri.edu /programs/2004/genomics.htm   (260 words)

  
 Summary of US Structural Genomics Efforts   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
Two major funding sources are acknowledged: the recent NIH Structural Genomics Initiative, and the infrastructure support supplied by the Department of Energy Office of Science.
The Presage Project is a collaborative resource for structural genomics, a tool for scientists to keep track of structural knowledge of their proteins of interest.
Structure Function Genomics is an early stage biotechnology company specializing in high-throughput determination of macromolecular structure and function.
asdp.bnl.gov /asda/Struc_Genomics   (676 words)

  
 Press Releases - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The sequencing of numerous genomes is important and impressive, but it will not be sufficient for the development of effective disease therapies because genes are the storehouses of genetic information in cells, not the active participants in cellular processes.
A major goal of the field of Structural Genomics is to make the process of protein structure determination automated and extremely rapid (from ~1 year per structure currently to ~1 month or less, for example), so that we can begin to amass atomic resolution structures of all proteins.
This paper showed that high throughput structure determination starting only with genomic sequence information is possible with both NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, the two major techniques used for determining the atomic resolution structures of biomolecules.
www.nature.com /nsmb/press_release/nsb1100.html   (1271 words)

  
 Centre for Integrated Genomics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
The mission of the Centre for Integrated Genomics is to provide a platform for the development and application of genome science to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and more generally to problems in the basic life sciences and biotechnology.
The objective of the CIG is to carry out and foster research in structural genomics and functional genomics through a comprehensive program which builds on the existing research strengths of the two institutions.
Notable elements in the CIG are the Genome Sciences Centre (funded by the British Columbia Cancer Foundation), the Nematode Reverse Genetics Facility, the Nucleic Acid and Protein Service Unit, the Centre for Biological Calorimetry, the Fermentation Pilot Plant and Mouse Gene Knockout Facilities.
www.cigenomics.bc.ca   (333 words)

  
 OPPF :: Oxford Protein Production Facility
MRC, and being developed by the Structural Biology Division of the Department of Medicine, Oxford University.
This is the first stage in a structural genomics programme for the UK and represents an essential stepping stone toward the practical exploitation of the wealth of information coming from the human genome sequencing projects.
The aim, ultimately, is to build a body of structural information that will facilitate prediction of a reasonable structure and potential function for almost any protein from knowledge of its coding sequence.
www.oppf.ox.ac.uk   (276 words)

  
 Oxford SGC
The goal of this undertaking is to develop the infrastructure and technologies necessary for rapid, parallel structure determination, with the aim of having the capability to determine 200 protein structures per year.
Over the first four years, the SGC is targeting 375 proteins that have relevance to human health and disease, such as proteins associated with diabetes, cancer, and infectious diseases such as malaria.
In particular, the structural information generated by the SGC is expected to have a tremendous impact on human health by furthering our understanding of relevant proteins and by supplying new targets for therapeutic intervention.
www.sgc.ox.ac.uk   (384 words)

  
 Structural genomics: Computational methods for structure analysis -- Goldsmith-Fischman and Honig 12 (9): 1813 -- ...
Chothia, C. and Lesk, A.M. Canonical structures for the hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins.
Richardson, J.S. The anatomy and taxonomy of protein structure.
On the relationship between sequence and structural similarity for proteins that are not obviously related in sequence.
www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/full/12/9/1813   (6657 words)

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