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Topic: Styria (duchy)

	STYRIA - LoveToKnow Article on STYRIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		South of the Enns, Styria is traversed by groups of the central zone of the eastern Alps: the Niedere Tauern, the primitive Alps of Carinthia and Styria and the Styrian Nieder Alps.
		The principal ramifications of the primitive Alps of Carinthia and Styria are: the Stang Alps with the Knigsstuhl (7646 ft.) and Eisenhut (8oo7 ft.), the Judenburger or Seethaler Alps with the Zirbitzkogel (7862 ft.), and the Koralpen which culminates in the Grosser Speikkogel (7023 ft.).
		Styria belongs to the watershed of the Danube and its principal rivers are: the Enns with its affluent the Saiza, the Raab with the Feistritz, the Mur with the Murz, the Drau or Drave, and the Sau or Save, which receives the Sann and the Sotla.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/ST/STYRIA.htm (1456 words)

	Styria (duchy) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Štajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
		When Styria came under the hegemony of Charlemagne as a part of Karantania (Carinthia), erected as a border territory against the Avars and Slavs, there was a large influx of Bavarii and other Christianized Germanic peoples, whom the bishops of Salzburg and the patriarchs of Aquileia kept faithful to Rome.
		During the reign of Margrave Ottokar IV (1164-92) Styria was raised to a duchy by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, in 1180 after the fall of Henry the Lion of Bavaria.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Styria_(duchy) (1205 words)

	Encyclopedia: Styria (duchy) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Lower Styria) is an informal province in The Republic of Slovenia (Slovenian: Republika Slovenija) is a coastal sub-Alpine country in south central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north.
		Franciscan monastery at Graz [graːts] (Slovenian: Gradec), with a population of 305,000 (council census 2000) is the second-largest city in Austria and the capital of the province of Styria (Steiermark in German).
		Styria, an informal province in The Republic of Slovenia (Slovenian: Republika Slovenija) is a coastal sub-Alpine country in south central Europe bordering Italy to the west, the Adriatic Sea to the southwest, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Styria-(duchy) (1038 words)

	STYRIA (DUCHY) FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Duchy of Styria (German: ''Herzogtum Steiermark'') was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918.
		Styria, which had a population before World War I that was 68% German-speaking, 32% Slovene, bordered on (clockwise) Lower Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Carniola, Carinthia, Salzburg, and Upper Austria.
		The coat of arms of the duchy pictured a standing white heraldic panther breathing red flames on a fir green field, with a shield crowned with the archducal coronet.
	www.barneslanding.com /Styria_(duchy) (1139 words)

	Carinthia and Styria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A large immigration of German settlers led to the assimilation of the original Slavic population in Carinthia, which 1335 became a part of the Habsburg dynasty's lands and thereafter was linked with Styria and Carniola during the repeated divisions of the Habsburg lands.
		Styria was a part of the old Carinthia, which became a separate margraviate during the tenth century as the "Carinthian Mark".
		It was elevated to a duchy 1180 and joined Austria in a personal union 1192 when it was inherited by the Babenberg dynasty.
	www.tacitus.nu /historical-atlas/regents/centraleurope/carinthia.htm (340 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Bordering on Slovenia in the south, Styria is predominately mountainous, with many forests, pastures, and meadowlands.
		Unlike Eastphalia, the eastern third of the duchy of Saxony, Westphalia survived the breakup (1180) of the Saxon duchy as a regional concept, although it lost political unity.
		Moscow, grand duchy of Moscow or Muscovy, grand duchy of, state existing in W central Russia from the late 14th to mid-16th cent., with the city of Moscow as its nucleus.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Styria+(duchy) (489 words)

	Styria (state) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Styria (die Steiermark in German, Štajerska in Slovenian) is a state or Land, located in the south east of Austria.
		The term Weststeiermark ("West Styria") is used for the districts to the west of Graz (Voitsberg, Deutschlandsberg, western part of the district Leibitz), the districts east of Graz (Weiz, Hartberg, Feldbach, Fürstenfeld and Radkersburg) are refered to as Oststeiermark ("East Styria").
		The southern parts of the Duchy of Styria, which since 1918 are part of Slovenia, were (and sometimes colloquially still are) refered to as Untersteiermark ("Lower Styria").
	www.vacilando.org /_cliextra/baghdadmuseumorg/includepage.php?title=Styria&action=edit (392 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Styria
		Styria came under the supremacy of Charlemagne as a part of Karantania (Carinthia).
		During the reign of Margrave Ottokar II (1164-92) Styria was raised to a duchy by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1180.
		There are in the entire Duchy of Styria 96 deaneries and 551 parishes, altogether 1163 parochial districts, each district containing on an average 1151 Catholics.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14318a.htm (1082 words)

	Styria (duchy) - TheBestLinks.com - Austria, Apostle, Austria-Hungary, Benedictine, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Styria (duchy) - TheBestLinks.com - Austria, Apostle, Austria-Hungary, Benedictine,...
		de:Steiermarkeo:Steiermark Styria was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918.
		The remaining two thirds is a federal state of Austria, while the Slovenian third (Lower Styria) is an informal province in Slovenia.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Styria___28__duchy__29__.html (157 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Styria @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Styria was originally settled by Celts and later was part of Roman Noricum and Pannonia.
		It was made a duchy in 1180 and in 1192 passed to the Austrian house of Babenberg.
		By the Treaty of Saint-Germain (1919) Styria's southern portion was ceded to Yugoslavia and is now part of Slovenia.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Styria&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (257 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Carinthia (duchy)
		Carinthia (German Kärnten) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918.
		In the 7th century it was part of the Principality of Karantania (Koroshka), and was part of the empire of Charlemagne from 788 to 843, when it became part of the eastern Frankish kingdom of Louis the German.
		In 1077, the country was given to Luitpold, another member of the Eppensteiner family, which, however, ended with the death of Henry II of Carinthia in 1122.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Carinthia_(duchy) (555 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - What about Austria?
		Friedrich of Styria 1439 - 1446 as regent
		Duke FRIEDRICH V of Austria (1457-93), Duke of Styria, Carinthia, Carniola and Tyrol (1424-93), Archduke of Austria from 1453, Emperor (1452-93) =Friedrich III, Innsbruck 21.9.1415, +Linz 19.8.1493, bur Vienna; m.Rome 1452 Infanta Leonor of Portugal (Torres Vedras 8.9.1436, +Wiener Neustadt 3.9.1476)
		Styria was reunited with Austria in 1619, Tirol 1665; so the creation of these two new countries is definitely historically accurate and justified if e.g.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?s=&threadid=50591 (2157 words)

	[No title]
		In Riverside Noricum arose the duchy of Bavaria with the centre in Lorch (Lauriacum).
		The same Styria was divided by a state frontier: Upper Styria, which was the German speaking territory, remained in Austria, and Lower Styria, the Slovenian speaking territory, came under Yugoslavia (Slovenia).
		Leopold VI of Babenberg, Duke of Austria and Styria, on the coin-seal of 1216.
	www.carantha.net /heraldry_and_genealogy_of_carantania_slovenia_m.htm (8697 words)

	The later Babenberg period (from Austria) -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In Styria the margraves of the family of the Otakars of Steyr had gradually asserted themselves—under conditions similar to those of the Babenbergs—over their rivals, the noble families of the Eppensteiner, Formbacher, and Aribonen.
		Styria then included parts of the Traungau, which eventually was to become part of Upper Austria, and the province of Pitten, north of the Semmering, afterward assigned to Lower Austria.
		Before he inherited the duchy of Styria, Leopold V had taken part in the Third Crusade, during which, on the ramparts of Acre, he became involved in a quarrel with the English king, Richard I the Lion-Heart.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-33334 (1766 words)

	Jakob Bithner, Witch-Hunter of Styria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Jakob Bithner was a Lutheran witch-hunter in the Austrian Habsburg duchy of Styria during the late sixteenth century.
		In his new capacity, Bithner sent a series of reports to the Styrian estates outlining his interests in "eradicating all manifestations of magic and superstition, and described his involvement in no fewer than twenty-three of the thirty-nine known cases of witchcraft between 1578 and 1600" (Kern 326).
		He believed these witches were particularly active among the vagabond groups, saying that "not only did the marauding mercenaries wander from time to time in the land, but so did other dangerous persons, who caused profanation with robbery, sorcery and similar vices, and who gave themselves entirely over to indolence" (Kern 329).
	www.shanmonster.com /witch/hunters/bithner.html (187 words)

	STYRIA (German, Steiermark or Steyermark) - Online Information article about STYRIA (German, Steiermark or Steyermark)
		South of the Enns, Styria is traversed by groups of the cen- in large quantities.
		Alps of Carinthia and Styria and the Styrian Nieder Alps.
		Charlemagne, and was henceforth comprised in the German marks erected against the Avar and the Slay.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /STE_SUS/STYRIA_German_Steiermark_or_Ste.html (1140 words)

	Styria (state) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Styria (Steiermark in German Štajerska in Slovenian) is a federal state or Bundesland located in the south east of Austria.
		The term "Upper Styria" by an Austrian refers to the geographical around Bruck an der Mur in the of the federal state.
		Hollywood film star current California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger was born and raised in Styria.
	www.freeglossary.com /Steiermark (529 words)

	Styria (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Styria (duchy), a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria-Hungary
		Styria (company), a Styrian media and printing enterprise on which central location in Graz the bicycle manufacturer Puch produced bicycles with the brand name Styria
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Styria_(disambiguation) (129 words)

	Styria (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Styria (Steiermark in German, Štajerska in Slovenian) can refer to:
		Styria - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria-Hungary
		This is a disambiguation page; that is, one that points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Styria (92 words)

	Styria
		Mariazell - Mariazell, town, Styria prov., E central Austria.
		14,046), in Styria prov., E central Austria, at the confluence...
		7,569), in Styria prov., central Austria, at the northern foot of the...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0847050.html (280 words)

	The Ultimate Styria, Slovenia - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Styria (Štajerska in Slovenian) is an informal province (pokrajina) in northeast Slovenia, known for its white wine.
		It is also called Lower Styria, or Spodnja Štajerska (German Untersteiermark), as opposed to Upper Styria, a term applied to the federal state of Austria by Slovenians.
		(In Austria, the term Upper Styria (Obersteiermark) is applied only the northern parts of that state.) This reflects the division of Styria in 1918, when Austria-Hungary was dissolved.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Styria,_Slovenia (94 words)

	H-Net Review: Jeremy King on Die Steiermark im Dritten Reich, 1938-1945 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the Habsburg hereditary duchy of Styria, German National political and cultural figures such as Rosegger and Svoboda helped lay the foundations of an aggressive, racist, even fascist movement that displayed remarkable and fateful affinities to Adolf Hitler's National Socialism.
		The occupation and "re-Germanization" of Lower Styria occurred under their direction, with little interference from Berlin and according to elaborate plans they had developed in Graz during the 1930s.
		Before 1918, and between 1941 and 1945, the duchy belonged to a single country, yet contained two nations in the making (perhaps three, depending on whether one sees Germans and Austrians in Styria as distinct nations or the same nation at different points in time).
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=13852850532035 (2363 words)

	Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Habsburg possessions also included Styria (duchy) Styria, and then expanded west to include Carinthia (duchy) Carinthia and Carniola in 1335 and Tyrol in 1363.
		Duke of Austria and Styria (with his brother Leopold I) from 1308 - 1330; officially co-regent of emperor Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV since 1325, but never ruled.
		= The duchy of Modena was assigned to a minor branch of the family by the Congress of Vienna.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Habsburg.html (2452 words)

	Middle East Open Encyclopedia: Carinthia (duchy) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: Koroška) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918.
		The Habsburgs divided up their territories within the family twice, in the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg and again in 1564.
		Iraq Museum International always displays the most recent published revision of the source article, Carinthia (duchy); all previous versions may be viewed here.
	www.baghdadmuseum.org /ref/index.php?title=Carinthia_(duchy) (693 words)

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