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Topic: Subalpine Larch

	Larch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Larches are conifers in the genus Larix, in the family Pinaceae.
		Larches are among the dominant plants in the immense boreal forests of Russia and Canada.
		Larch cones are erect, small, 1-9 cm long, green or purple, ripening brown 5-8 months after pollination; in about half the species the bract scales are long and visible, and in the others, short and hidden between the seed scales.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Larch (473 words)

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		Larch dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium laricis (Piper) St. John) is a common and damaging parasite of western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.) in the Pacific Northwest and southern British Columbia.
		Larch dwarf mistletoe occurs commonly throughout the range of western larch in British Columbia, northern and central Idaho, western Montana and east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
		Larch stands with a mean diameter of 9 to 15 in (23 to 38 cm) should be commercially thinned to basal area levels of about 90 ft2/ac (21 m2/ha) to increase growth and vigor of lightly infected trees and still meet minimum stocking levels for larch.
	nrs.wsu.edu /forestHealth/pathogen.asp?pathogenID=43 (2556 words)

	Species: Larix occidentalis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Western larch trunks are usually bare for a half to a third of the height when in stands, while trees in the open may have branches to within a few feet of the ground [71,72,157].
		Because western larch cones are borne throughout the crown, the size of the crop generally corresponds to the size of the crown [115,116,117].
		Western larch is usually found at elevations of 1,500 to 5,500 feet (460-1,700 m) in the northern portions of its range and may be found at elevations over 7,000 feet (2,100 m) in the southern parts of its distribution [50,72,117].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/larocc/all.html (12015 words)

	Subalpine Forests of Western North America
		Although subalpine forests have been the subject of considerably less study, it appears that snowpack is an important limiting factor to growth, with respect to length of growing season (Graumlich 1991; Peterson 1993).
		It is unclear whether observations of subalpine tree invasions are isolated events or part of a broad pattern in western North America.
		Data on subalpine tree growth for western North America are too sparse to infer that growth increases are a broad regional phenomenon.
	biology.usgs.gov /s+t/noframe/r108.htm (2307 words)

	OSU Press at Oregon State University
		Subalpine forests are dominated by subalpine fir, Engelmann spruce, and/or lodgepole pine.
		Subalpine fir, spruce, and whitebark pine become stunted and dwarfed at upper treeline due to ice-scouring wind or heavy snow accumulations (Arno and Hammerly 1984).
		Large areas of lower subalpine forest are strongly dominated by lodgepole pine, a short-lived tree that usually requires fire to open cones and release seeds to germinate in recently burned soil (Muir and Lotan 1985).
	oregonstate.edu /dept/press/e-f/FloraGlacierNatlIntro.html (10567 words)

	larch genus description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Larches are different from most conifers because they're deciduous--they lose their needles each fall.
		In addition, their needles are arranged differently from those of most conifers; on current-year twigs they're borne singly, but on older twigs they arise in dense clusters from stout, woody pegs that resemble wooden barrels.
		Larches are commonly called tamaracks, especially by people whose roots are in eastern North America.
	oregonstate.edu /trees/con/lrchgen.html (141 words)

	Nearctica - Native Conifers of North America - Larix occidentalis
		In contrast the cones of Subalpine Larch are longer (1.5 to 2 inches.
		Subalpine Larch normally occurs near tree line, but Western Larch is found at lower elevations.
		Native Range: Western Larch grows in the Upper Columbia River Basin of northwestern Montana, northern and west central Idaho, northeastern Washington, and southeastern British Columbia; along the east slopes of the Cascade Mountains in Washington and north-central Oregon; and in the Blue and Wallowa Mountains of southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon.
	www.nearctica.com /trees/conifer/tsuga/Loccid.htm (286 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - subalpine
		Ten species of fir are native to North America, growing chiefly in the region west of the Rocky Mountains.
		Larch, common name for a small genus of trees, restricted to the colder parts of the northern hemisphere.
		Larches belong to the pine family and are...
	encarta.msn.com /subalpine.html (107 words)

	GFAwesome -
		The deciduous subalpine larch thrives at the treeline and can live for more than 1,200 years.
		Stands of subalpine larch provide an important food source for bighorn sheep, mountain goats and grizzly bears.
		Western larch is a large (>50 m) deciduous tree which can live for more than 700 years.
	www.gfawesome.org /mad_science/tree_guide/CONIFERS/LARCH (170 words)

	Effects of Climate on Radial Growth of Subalpine Conifers in the North Cascade Mountains
		Dendroecological techniques were used to study the influence of climate on the growth of subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), and subalpine larch (Larix lyallii) in the North Cascade Mountains of Washington state.
		The greatest differences are between subalpine fir and subalpine larch, while the greatest similarities are between subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce.
		Subalpine larch growth is positively correlated with June temperature.
	wa-node.gis.washington.edu /usgsbrd/cfs-dwp-radialgrowth.html (2452 words)

	Fiche descriptive du mélèze (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Soft needles borne in clusters of 15 to 30 (Western larch) or 30 to 40 (subalpine larch), easy to roll between thumb and forefinger, pale green and shiny.
		Larch gum used to be chewed for its sweet taste.
		Subalpine larch grows at altitudes between 1800 and 2400 m.
	www.cfl.scf.rncan.gc.ca /imfoc-idwcf/hosttrees/conifers/meleze_e.html (165 words)

	homepage of Vladimir Dinets-Fall Colors part 3
		Larches are also widespread in boreal forests of Canada, Mongolia, Northern China and Siberia.
		In the Northern Rocky Mountains, Western larch (L. occidentalis) is sometimes very beautiful in late fall, but it seldom grows in large pure stands.
		Rare and local subalpine larch (L. lyallii) briefly turns yellow in early September, but then stays bare for 8-9 months - so long are winters in its timberline habitat.
	dinets.travel.ru /fallcolors3.htm (555 words)

	Kipfmueller Dissertation Abstracts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The long term patterns of fire-climate interactions and forest recovery processes in subalpine forests are poorly understood.
		Comparison of ring-width chronologies from whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) and subalpine larch (Larix lyallii Parl.) with modern climate data indicated that summer temperatures were most limiting to growth in these conifers.
		The interactions between fire and interannual climate variability in subalpine forests are poorly understood.
	www.ltrr.arizona.edu /~kurt/research/KFK_Abstracts.html (1469 words)

	North Cascades National Park: McAlester Lake / McAlester Pass Trail Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Mountain hemlock, subalpine fir, and subalpine larch are among the trees you will encounter in this spectacular Cascade crest area.
		These camps are 7.6 miles (12.2 km) from SR 20, 9.6 miles (15.4 km) from the Twisp River Road, and 10.3 miles (16.6 km) from Lower Rainbow Loop in Stehekin Valley.
		At over 6,300' (1920 m) in elevation, this stock camp in Lake Chelan National Recreation Area is nestled in a spectacular subalpine meadow.
	www.nps.gov /noca/mcalesterlake.htm (895 words)

	Nearctica - Native Conifers of North America - Larch and Tamarack (Larix) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		About a dozen species are members of the genus Larix, although there is a great deal of disagreement about species limits in the Old World.
		The most distinctive feature of the genus Larix is the clumps of needles (leaves) arranged in irregular sworls on short, stubby spurs.
		The wood of the larches is hard and decay resistent and is heavily used in the construction of boats.
	www.nearctica.com /trees/conifer/genera/larix.htm (192 words)

	SCA Destination Finder
		Lodgepole pine, covering huge swaths of ground, is contrasted with western larch and subalpine larch.
		Adorning this canvas of natural beauty is an abundance of birds and wildlife such as picas, little creatures that live in the rocky areas on mountain peaks.
		Visitors can park at the bridge then hike back about 3 miles along the closed Buckhorn Road to the hot springs.
	syndication.getoutdoors.com /sca/destination_regions/5847.html (164 words)

	ALPINE LARCH
		Subalpine Larch, Tamarack, or Lyall Larch (after David Lyall a Scottish naturalist)
		often dwarfed or contorted, and smaller and more ragged than the Western Larch
		like all larches it has deciduous foliage (needles) but drops them in the fall like leaves
	www.bcadventure.com /adventure/wilderness/forest/alpinela.htm (155 words)

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