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Topic: Subdivisions of Ethiopia

	Ethiopia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ethiopia is 1,127,127 km² in size, and is the major portion of the Horn of Africa, which is the eastern-most part of the African landmass.
		After the 1974 revolution, the economy of Ethiopia was run as a socialist economy: strong state controls were implemented, and a large part of the economy was transferred to the public sector, including most modern industry and large-scale commercial agriculture, all agricultural land and urban rental property, and all financial institutions.
		Islam in Ethiopia dates back almost to the founding of the religion; in 616, a band of Muslims was counseled by the Prophet Muhammad to escape persecution in Mecca and travel to Abyssinia, which was ruled by, in the Prophet's estimation, a pious Christian king.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethiopia (2203 words)

	Subdivisions of Ethiopia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ethiopia is divided into 9 ethnically-based administrative regions (kililoch; singular - kilil) and two chartered cities (astedader akababiwach, singular - astedader akabibi), indicated by asterisks:
		These administrative regions replaced the older system of provinces (which are still sometimes used to indicate location within Ethiopia).
		At the time the change was made (1995), those provinces were:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Subdivisions_of_Ethiopia (107 words)

	Ethiopia - Background: Political, Economic, Religious (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Ethiopia, a country in eastern Africa bordered by Eritrea to the north, Somalia and Djibouti to the east, Kenya to the south, and Sudan to the west, was one of the earliest world centers of agricultural innovation.
		Ethiopia's northern highlands were the site of the empire of Aksum (Axum; established in the 1st century AD), which controlled the Red Sea coast and had trade and cultural contacts with southern Arabia, Egypt, Rome, and Greece.
		Modern Ethiopia's borders are the result of the late-19th-century expansion under Emperor Menelik II, who assumed the throne in 1889 and used alliances with European powers and imported firearms to unite his rivals behind him and conquer rich lands to the east, west, and south.
	users.safeaccess.com /mkoenigjr/fcfcollege/ethiopia.htm (1976 words)

	Background Notes Archive - Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		GEOGRAPHY Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered on the northeast by Eritrea, on the east by Djibouti and Somalia, on the south by Kenya, and on the west and northwest by Sudan.
		Ethiopia's agriculture has been plagued by periodic drought; soil degradation caused by overgrazing, deforestation, and high population density; dislocation due to the economy's rapid centralization; and government policies that do not provide incentives to producers.
		Ethiopia was a charter member of the United Nations and took part in UN peacekeeping operations in Korea in 1951 and the Congo (now Zaire) in 1960.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /erc/bgnotes/af/ethiopia9607.html (3135 words)

	Background Notes Archive - Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		GEOGRAPHY Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered on the north and northeast by Eritrea, on the east by Djibouti and Somalia, on the south by Kenya, and on the west and southwest by Sudan.
		Ethiopia's agriculture is plagued by periodic drought, soil degradation caused by overgrazing, deforestation, high population density, and poor infrastructure, making it difficult and expensive to get goods to market.
		Ethiopia was a charter member of the United Nations and took part in UN operations in Korea in 1951 and the Congo in 1960.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /erc/bgnotes/af/ethiopia9803.html (3318 words)

	Ethiopia (01/06)
		Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered on the north and northeast by Eritrea, on the east by Djibouti and Somalia, on the south by Kenya, and on the west and southwest by Sudan.
		Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world.
		Ethiopia's agriculture is plagued by periodic drought, soil degradation caused by inappropriate agricultural practices and overgrazing, deforestation, high population density, undeveloped water resources, and poor transport infrastructure, making it difficult and expensive to get goods to market.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2859.htm (3437 words)

	Comments To The Eritrea
		Ethiopia must also address the Commission’s position that it is incapable of averting the division of villages and towns by a literal application of the line depicted on the small scale maps of the April 2002 Decision.
		Ethiopia finds this position to be inconsistent with the intent and logic of the April 2002 Decision, in which the Commission determined to depart from the treaty boundaries in the Western and Central Sectors based on the subsequent practice of the Parties.
		Ethiopia understands that the Commission could not have known at the time of the April 2002 Decision that the line depicted on the small-scale maps would cut through settlements, and thus, it is not surprising that the Decision was silent with respect to this matter.
	www.ethiopiafirst.com /news2003/June/Misstatements_in_the_Observations.html (5426 words)

	Top20Ethiopia.com - Your Top20 Guide to Ethiopia!
		The English name "Ethiopia" is derived from the Greek word Î‘á¼°Î¸Î¹Î¿ÏÎ¯Î± Ãthiopia, from Î‘á¼°Î¸Î¯Î¿Ï Ãthiops âan Ethiopian,â sometimes parsed by Westerners as a purely Greek term meaning "of burnt (Î±Î¹Î¸-) visage (á½Ï)"; but Ethiopian sources state that the name is derived from a son or grandson of Cush, son of Ham.
		Ethiopia held another general election in May 2005, though concerns were raised about vote rigging and intimidation on the part of the ruling EPRDF coalition.
		Ethiopia is the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari movement, that believes Ethiopia is Zion.
	www.top20ethiopia.com (2176 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Ethiopia has long outgrown the status of a federation; in fact, as one of the oldest Nation-States in the world, with over 6000 years of uninterrupted and recorded history, it is among the most politically, culturally, socially and historically unified countries in the world.
		Ethiopia's population has been growing at a reasonable rate, in view of the formidable agricultural potential of the country (60% of the land area is arable, of which only 10% is currently under cultivation, using hardly any modern methods or technology).
		Ethiopia is a country where to have diverse ancestry is seen as a privilege, where to speak many languages is considered a great achievement and a cause for pride.
	members.aol.com /ZenaEthiopia/ze_h_Disinformation_199512.html (2523 words)

	Comments To The Eritrea
		Ethiopia could never have contemplated that the Commission would adopt a line of demarcation which would divide communities, separate villagers from their croplands and pastures, or water sources, or from their schools and clinics, or from their centuries-old churches and cemeteries.
		Ethiopia welcomes the Commission’s clarification in this respect as it is practically necessary for successful demarcation and wholly consistent with the practice of International Tribunals and provides for the sort of adjustment clearly intended by the April 2002 Decision.
		Ethiopia agrees with the Commission that it is necessary to adjust the location of Point 20 because the coordinates identified in the Dispositif are inconsistent with the location described in the decision due to inaccurate maps.
	www.geocities.com /ethonlinepublication/CommentsToEEBC.html (10641 words)

	Ethiopian Flag Stamps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The US stamp newspaper "Scotts Stamp Monthly," reports a set of stamps issued by Ethiopia in the year 2000, with 9 stamps total.
		On the other hand, stamps are typically issued by an independent statal organism that, despite depending from the government, has (typically) authonomy in terms of stamp design.
		Of course, there are exceptions, and from what I know Ethiopia might even be one of those exceptions.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/et-stamp.html (305 words)

	ethiopia
		Ethiopia was occupied by Italy from 1936 to 1941, although Eritrea came under Italian rule from 1886 to 1941.
		The 1950 UN Resolution to unify Eritrea and Ethiopia was implemented in 1952.
		Ethiopia signed the CEDAW in 1980 and ratified it in 1981, with a reservation to Article 29(1).
	www.law.emory.edu /IFL/legal/Ethiopia.htm (1633 words)

	FWB, July 1993
		Meanwhile, the new Ethiopia, now reduced by the secession of Eritrea, is still awash in ethno-nationalist movements.
		In an attempt to cope with that situation, the new state has been reorganized into a federation of administrative subdivisions which correspond closely and specifically to the largest and strongest indigenous peoples.
		The Oromo people, with the largest population of all the peoples presently included within Ethiopia, are in deep conflict with the government.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /public/fwc/Issue5/updates.html (681 words)

	tecolahagos.com - ethiopian related issues and commentary
		Ethiopia by contrast was a world power who stood face to face with the Romans, the Greeks, the Ottomans et cetera in the ancient World, and maintained its independence and high culture for thousands of years to this date.
		Ethiopia is a product of thousands of years of struggle of courageous men and women (leaders, soldiers, farmers, traders, cattle men, herders, and nomads).
		Ethiopia’s history is the history of every member of the Ethiopian State; it is the history of the Axumite, the Zagwe, the Agazian, the Amhara, the Tygrean, the Oromo, the Somali, the Kunama, the Hamasien, the Serie, the Beja, the Afar, the Issa, the Wollaita, the Arissi, the Gurage, and all other people.
	www.tecolahagos.com /beyond_ethnicism.htm (10679 words)

	Government (from Ethiopia) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Ethiopia's ancient system of feudal government experienced significant changes under Haile Selassie I, who carefully grafted onto the traditional governing institutions a weak parliament of appointed and elected legislators, a judiciary with modernized civil and criminal codes and a hierarchy of courts, and an executive cabinet of ministers headed by a…
		Ethiopia's ancient system of feudal government experienced significant changes under Haile Selassie I, who carefully grafted onto the traditional governing institutions a weak parliament of appointed and elected legislators, a judiciary with modernized civil and criminal codes and a hierarchy of courts, and an executive cabinet of ministers headed by a prime minister but...
		Sometimes—as in France, where the subdivisions are called departments—these units may be entirely subject to the central government.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-37700 (817 words)

	Amhara (Ethiopia) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Amhara, according to the Ethiopian Parliament site, "consists of 10 administrative zones, one special zone, 105 woredas, and 78 urban centers." "The capital city of the State of Amhara is Bahir-Dar" and "the Sate of Amhara is located in the north western and north central part of Ethiopia.
		The State shares common borders with the state of Tigray in the north, Afar in the east, Oromiya in the south, Benishangul/Gumuz in the south west, and the Republic of Sudan in the west." Finally, "The State of Amhara covers an estimated area of 170,752 square kilometers."
		Ethiopia changed it's internal division probably when it changed regime and flag in 1996.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/et-am.html (309 words)

	Wollo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Wollo was a province in the north-eastern part of Ethiopia, with its capital city at Dessie.
		Following the liberation of Ethiopia from Italian occupation in 1942, the provinces of Wag, Lasta, Sayunt, and Yejju were added to this province.
		With the adoption of the constitution in 1995, Wollo was divided between the Afar, Amhara, and Tigray regions of Ethiopia.
	www.vacilando.org /_cliextra/baghdadmuseumorg/includepage.php?title=Wollo&action=edit (112 words)

	Ethiopian subdivisions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is made up of nine regional states and two chartered cities, namely Addis Ababa and Dire-Dawa.
		In Francia Vexilla are also quoted regions Agaud Nord, Agaud Sud, Gurage, Kembatahadiya, Kaffa, Omo y Sidama (but not Southern and Hararhi).
		These are not federal states of modern Ethiopia.
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/et-.html (72 words)

	Ethiopia States
		It's not clear whether it had formerly belonged to one of the administrative regions, or was made a chartered city at the time of the most recent reorganization of Ethiopia (about 1995), and was missed by the ISO standard.
		In 1935, Italy invaded, and in 1936-06 Ethiopia was made part of Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana), along with Eritrea and Italian Somaliland.
		This was the division of Ethiopia prevailing in 1987:
	www.statoids.com /uet.html (892 words)

	Maps of Ethiopia Across Time (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The new "Regions" were roughly based on ethnic group and language rather than the long standing historic kingdoms and provinces of the Ethiopian Empire.
		The new "Zones" are based roughly on the subdivisions of the old Imperial provinces and kingdoms as re-organized by the Derg regime.
		This map is a renaissance era impression of the Empire of Ethiopia, based on the accounts of the Portuguese allies of the Ethiopian Empire.
	www.angelfire.com /ny/ethiocrown/maps.html (295 words)

	Forsbergs in Ethiopia
		Malcolm and Enid Forsberg were first appointed by the Sudan Interior Mission [SIM, now renamed Serving in Mission] in 1934, to the Gamo area in Ethiopia, and secondly in 1939 to the Chali Station in the Sudan.
		If Ethiopia and its state church were not thriving it was not the fault of the Emperor.
		The Streets had heard the call to Ethiopia after they and their children were already settled in a pastorate, but they pulled up stakes and went anyway.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /rs/rak/gen/miller/ethiopia.htm (22131 words)

	Ethiopia : History : Selected Internet Resources (Portals to the World, Library of Congress)
		This site presents the history of Ethiopia and its kings and queens, as well as information on the Imperial Family's various cultural and humanitarian activities, the Ethiopian aristocracy and Ethiopia's religions.
		After the defeat at the battle of challanqo [sic] in 1887, by Melelik of Shewa, Harar ceased to be an independent state and was forced to become part of Ethiopia.
		Some subdivisions of some countries are present including native or traditional polities, provinces, or states.
	www.loc.gov /rr/international/amed/ethiopia/resources/ethiopia-history.html (724 words)

	Boosting a Dictator
		The Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Ethiopia quickly declared and announced to the Ethiopian people that Ethiopia gained all territories it had claimed, implying that this meant the territories and the communities that historically, legally and by actual jurisdictional record belong to Ethiopia.
		Hence, the EPRDF authorities’ statement that “Ethiopia has been awarded all the territory it has claimed in its dispute with Eritrea” is wrong according to the Boundary Commission’s document and the attached maps.
		Indeed, Ethiopia even argues that at the time of the Treaty, there was no river in the area known as the Muna” (emphasis ours).
	www.tigrai.org /News/Articles1/Irob-4-2002.html (2030 words)

	Tigray (Ethiopia) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The flag adopted for the state is red with a golden yellow triangle at the hoist and a large star of the same colour centered (or sort of) in the flymost 2/3rds of the flag, rotated to point at the fly.
		The drawing at Crampton is only different in the dimensions (smaller, though not as small as in the image currently at FOTW - that has wrong shades anyhow, methinks) and rotation of the star (upright).
		Most of it is in Amharic and only English text on it reads: "Tigray National Regional Administration." The amazing thing is that the symbol at the top is almost the same as the symbol on the communist flag of 1987-1991.
	flagspot.net /flags/et-ti.html (423 words)

	Ethiopia - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Main articles: Politics of Ethiopia, and [[{{{2}}}]], and [[{{{3}}}]], and [[{{{4}}}]], and [[{{{5}}}]]
		Amharic was the language of primary school instruction, but has been replaced in many areas by local languages such as Oromifa and Tigrinya.
		test={{boolor 1={{{Author{{{author}}}}}} 2={{{PublishYear{{{publishyear}}}}}}}} then=.}}{{qif test={{booland 1={{{URL{{{url}}}}}} 2={{{Title{{{title}}}}}}}} then= [{{{URL{{{url}}}}}} {{{TitleHistory of Northern Ethiopia - and the Establishment of the Italian Colony or Eritrea}}}].
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Ethiopia (2238 words)

	[No title]
		As a result this study was proposed and implemented through the collaboration of Alemaya University and FARM Africa, with the assistance of the International Centre for Research on Women, Washington, DC, through a grant obtained from USAID.
		The processes and findings of the overall study and the lessons to be learnt for designing and implementing livestock development projects for the poor are subjects of a forthcoming paper.
		FARM Africa through its DGDP opted to promote dairy goat farming in the Harar Highlands of Eastern Ethiopia in view of improving the socio-economic and nutritional status of poor women and their children through higher yields of milk and faster growth rates.
	www.cipav.org.co /lrrd/lrrd15/6/kass156.htm (2423 words)

	McFarland - Publisher of Reference and Scholarly Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In marked contrast to the United States, with its territorial stability, some countries, such as Bulgaria and Ethiopia, reorganize their regional subdivisions frequently.
		With this book in hand, one can answer any administrative subdivision question about any state or province in the world from 1900 through 1998.
		Histories of subdivision changes and lists of alternate names for subdivisions in each country add to the work’s research value.
	www.mcfarlandpub.com /book-2.php?isbn=0-7864-0729-8 (191 words)

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