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Topic: Sublingual

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	Effect of pH on Sublingual Absorption of Oxycodone Hydrochloride
		The purpose of this study was to develop a sublingual spray drug delivery formulation of oxycodone for acute pain management, using rabbit as the animal model, and to evaluate the effect of formulation pH on the sublingual absorption of oxycodone.
		Following sublingual spray administration, the bioavailability of formulation 1 and formulation 2 were obtained by comparing the mean AUC after intravenous and sublingual administration and were found to be 45.4% ± 20.1%, and 70.1% ± 17.9%, respectively (Figure 2).
		Also, a sublingual formulation of oxycodone permits the use of lower doses of oxycodone for pain management, since a greater portion of the medication is absorbed directly into the bloodstream, thereby allowing a direct route to the afflicted target area.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt070123 (2692 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		However, although the onset of action of the sublingual form is of two to five minutes and clearly precedes the onset of action of an oral formulation (30 minutes), the duration of action is much shorter for the sublingual form (one to two hours) than for the oral form (four to six hours).
		The remaining portion of the sublingually formulated medication may be buccally absorbed in part, and is swallowed and the pharmacokinetics of this remaining portion is substantially the same as when the whole formulated dose is orally administered.
		Because the sublingually absorbed portion of the sublingual dose is strictly controlled, and because the sublingual absorption peak does not coincide with the enteral absorption peak, the risk of higher toxicity for a sublingual dosage form is minimized.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/40898.990819&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (6317 words)

	Encyclopedia article: Sublingual gland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The sublingual gland lies anterior to the submandibular gland under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth.
		The largest duct, the sublingual duct (of Bartholin) joins the submandibular duct to drain through the sublingual caruncle.
		Most of the remaining small sublingual ducts open separately into the mouth on an elevated crest of mucous membrane, the sublingual fold (plica), caused by the gland and on either side of the frenulum linguae.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/su/sublingual_gland.htm (75 words)

	Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health: Sublingual and buccal medication administration
		Sublingual and buccal medications are administered by placing them in the mouth, either under the tongue (sublingual) or between the gum and the cheek (buccal).
		If the patient experiences a tingling or burning sensation from a sublingual tablet, he or she should be encouraged to move the tablet to another part of the mouth.
		Sublingual or buccal medicine may be administered in some settings by unlicensed staff, but only under the direction of a registered nurse.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_/ai_2699003760 (1333 words)

	Sublingual Immunotherapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Sublingual immunotherapy involves oral ingestion of an allergenic substance in hopes of reducing the allergic response.
		Sublingual immunotherapy with a latex extract in paediatric patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
		Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with high-dose mite extracts in asthma: a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study in Taiwan.
	www.upmc.com /HealthManagement/ManagingYourHealth/HealthReference/Diseases/InDepth/?chunkiid=140511 (762 words)

	Specific Sublingual Immunotherapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		In sublingual immune therapy there is a repeated exposure of the mucosa to considerable amounts of modified allergens.
		Non-injective routes for immunotherapy such as the sublingual route are thought to be valuable therapeutic options for respiratory allergy and have the primary aim of minimizing the risk of adverse events and of improving the compliance of the patients.
		The sublingual immunotherapy allows involving other allergic patients such as children receiving injections and subjects who are not inclined to observe and comply with injection treatment.
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijaai/vol2n2/sublingual.xml (3759 words)

	Healthopedia.com Drugs Information - Nitrates Sublingual, Chewable, or Buccal: Proper Use
		Chewable or sublingual isosorbide dinitrate and buccal extended-release nitroglycerin tablets can be used either to prevent angina attacks or to help relieve an attack that has already started.
		Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets may lose some of their strength if they are exposed to air, heat, or moisture for long periods of time.
		Some people think they should test the strength of their sublingual nitroglycerin tablets by looking for a tingling or burning sensation, a feeling of warmth or flushing, or a headache after a tablet has been dissolved under the tongue.
	www.healthopedia.com /drugs/detailed/nitrates-sublingual-chewable-or-buccal/proper-use.html (1429 words)

	Sublingual B-12, Vitamin B-12, from TriVita
		TriVita’s Sublingual B-12, B-6 and Folic Acid is Dr. Libby’s original patented formula that has been tested for absorption.
		Sublingual B-12 tablets contain 1000 mcg of vitamin B-12 and work as quickly as B-12 injections.
		The source for TriVita’s patented Sublingual B-12 is cyanocobalamin, which is derived through a fermentation process of cane molasses.
	www.sublingualb12.com /b-12_questions.htm (566 words)

	Nitrates— Sublingual, Chewable, or Buccal (Systemic) - MayoClinic.com
		Sublingual nitrates are generally placed under the tongue where they dissolve and are absorbed through the lining of the mouth.
		Sublingual tablets should not be chewed, crushed, or swallowed.
		Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets may lose some of their strength if they are exposed to air, heat, or moisture for long periods of time.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/drug-information/DR202412 (2461 words)

	Sublingual misoprostol versus methylergometrine fo... \| FindYourHope.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Sublingual misoprostol versus methylergometrine for active management of the third stage of labor.
		The women were randomized to receive either two tablets of misoprostol (200 Âµg/tablet) sublingually or 1 ml of methylergometrine (200 Âµg) intravenous injection, after the delivery of the anterior shoulder of the baby.
		Conclusion: Sublingual misoprostol appears to be as effective as intravenous methylergometrine in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.
	www.findyourhope.com /Article/17580/Page_Article.aspx (284 words)

	Eirpharm.com - Smoking - Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) : Sublingual Tablets
		The levels of nicotine attained are similar to those of the 2mg gum and have been shown to be effective in reducing the craving for cigarettes and symptoms of withdrawal.
		Nicotine sublingual tablets have the advantage that they are very discreet to use, particularly in situations were chewing gum may not be appropriate.
		Nicotine sublingual tablets are available as Nicorette™ Microtabs™ which contain 2mg of nicotine.
	www.eirpharm.com /smoking_nrt_sublingual_tab.php (378 words)

	Roby Institute: Efficacy and Safety of Sublingual Immunotherapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Pineda-Algorta, J. et al “Study of the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with grass pollen sensitization”, (abstract) “Mini Symposium 3 Sublingual Immunotherapy” Allergy 55 Suppl.
		Hordijk, G.J., et al "Sublingual immunotherapy with a standardised grass pollen extract; a double-blind placebo-controlled study", Allergol, et Immunopathol., Vol.
		Lombardi C, et al "Sublingual immunotherapy is clinically safe in patients with oral allergy syndrome", Allergy 2000 in press.
	www.onlineallergycenter.com /slit (2818 words)

	Decreases in organ blood flows associated with increases in sublingual PCO2 during hemorrhagic shock -- Jin et al. 85 ...
		was positioned between the left sublingual fossa and the tongue.
		The sublingual tissues, tongue, stomach, jejunum, colon, and both kidneys were harvested at autopsy.
		Sublingual capnometry for diagnosis and quantitation of circulatory shock.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/85/6/2360 (2353 words)

	News - Women Being Induced Prefer Oral To Sublingual Misoprostol
		There was no significant difference between the sublingual and oral groups either in the number of women delivering vaginally within 24 hours of the induction or in the mean induction to delivery time.
		In the sublingual group, 92.6 percent found the induction acceptable with 15.8 percent finding the tablets with an unpleasant taste; in the oral group, the respective figures were 96.9 percent and 4 percent.
		More women in the group on the oral (58.6 percent) versus the sublingual (40 percent) form of the drug reported they would consider the same method of induction again.
	www.docguide.com /news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256BFA0055E939 (369 words)

	Fast-disintegrating Sublingual Tablets: Effect of Epinephrine Load on Tablet Characteristics
		The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing epinephrine load on the characteristics of fast-disintegrating sublingual tablets for the potential emergency treatment of anaphylaxis.
		The optimal sublingual epinephrine dose for the treatment of anaphylaxis is unknown.
		The sublingual bioavailability of epinephrine from Formulations B, C, and D are being evaluated in a validated rabbit model.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt070241 (3760 words)

	interview:sublingual
		Sublingual Records is a Cambridge, MA based label run by Jonathan LaMaster, who's also a member of Saturnalia, a group on Sublingual's roster.
		Sublingual, though still relatively small in size, has grown consistently from its inception, and LaMaster is always looking for something new, broadening both the horizons of his label and its listeners.
		What I have NEVER wanted was for Sublingual to be a vanity label, so I have chosen to put out more albums by OTHER people than by projects I'm in myself.
	www.geocities.com /pipeline_zine/p5/sublingual.html (1744 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Sublingual space
		Squamous cell carcinoma head and neck arising in the anterior floor of the mouth or gingivobuccal sulcus commonly spreads into the sublingual space; such extension can be readily recognized on CT or MRI studies as loss of the normal symmetrical appearance of the sublingual spaces.
		Pathology arising from the sublingual gland is rare; however, sublingual gland neoplasms are predominantly malignant and thus important to recognize.
		An enhancing soft tissue mass is seen in the right sublingual space, growing through the mylohyoid muscle (white arrow); superomedial extension into the tongue with invasion of the genioglossal muscle (white arrowhead); posterior extension between the mylohyoid and hyoglossal muscle (fl arrowheads).
	www.medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_vi_2/s/SUBLINGUAL_SPACE.aspx (294 words)

	Sublingual Melatonin - 180 Sublingual Tablets - from 2Line Health Design
		May be taken sublingually by allowing tablet to dissolve in mouth or with water or juice.
		Melatonin is a hormone derived from serotonin and produced in the pineal gland (a small, pea-sized gland located just behind the center of your forehead) during periods of darkness, but not light.
		By dissolving in your mouth, the sublingual melatonin is absorbed directly into your bloodstream through the blood vessels in the tongue and cheeks.
	2line.com /M.html (1280 words)

	AAAAI: Sublingual Immunotherapy Effective in Treating Mite-Induced Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The treatment, which is approved in Europe but not in the United States or Canada, is being developed as an alternative route of administration to the conventional immunotherapy injections.
		Although the sublingual formulation, typically given in drops or tablets, has been found effective in treating pollen-related allergies, there were few data regarding its efficacy against mite-induced allergy.
		During the 2-year study period, patients received either standard antihistamine or prophylactic asthma treatment along with sublingual immunotherapy, which was given as soluble tablets of monomeric allergoid or placebo.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/24b6e6.htm (635 words)

	AADMC: Selected Articles 1999: Sublingual immunotherapy
		There are also a sizable incidence of side-effects of sublingual IT, mainly G-I. Although there is potential for cost savings by avoiding need for injections in sublingual IT, this saving may be offset to a degree by the need for much more allergenic extract (200-300 times that needed for conventional injection IT).
		Because the study patients were not observed closely by them during a "run-in" pollinating season before the onset of the sublingual treatment, they may have missed the fact that the placebo group had milder allergic rhinitis to begin with, leading to a high frequency of benefit (over 50%) in the placebo group during the study.
		As Frew et al point out, sublingual IT may have a role but evidence from large, well controlled studies of comparable patient groups with careful description of both benefit and side effects is required.
	www.aaaai.org /AADMC/CURRENTLITERATURE/SELECTEDARTICLES/1999archive/sublingualimmunotherapy.html (310 words)

	Sublingual B Total - Liquid B Vitamin Supplementation
		This liquid supplement provides energy-converting B vitamins which are a daily requirement in the body.
		Wong suggests Sublingual B-Total and SSS Tonic be taken together as a supplement for women who are clinically anemic (i.e.
		Information and statements on this website regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration, and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition.
	www.energeticnutrition.com /vitalzym/subbtotal.html (604 words)

	Acute hormonal response to sublingual androstenediol intake in young men -- Brown et al. 92 (1): 142 -- Journal of ...
		Sublingual cyclodextrin testosterone intake results in peak serum testosterone concentrations 20-30 min after intake (26,
		As previously observed with sublingual cyclodextrin testosterone intake (26, 28), Sl Diol increases serum estradiol concentrations,
		Sublingual administration of testosterone-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex simulates episodic androgen release in hypogonadal men.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/92/1/142 (3114 words)

	Western Allergy Services - Sublingual Formulations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with rhinitis and asthma due to house dust mite.
		Sublingual immunotherapy in parietaria pollen induced rhinitis; a double-blind study, J. Invest.
		(10) Vourdas D., et al., Double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of sublingual immunotherapy with standardized olive tree pollen extract in pediatric patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and mild asthma due to olive tree pollen sensitization, Allergy.
	www.westernallergy.com /sublingual2.html (441 words)

	Sublingual Immunotherapy for Adults
		The Assessment seeks to determine whether sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) improves health outcomes for patients with seasonal or perennial allergies, when compared with subcutaneous injections for allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT).
		Thus, the preparations used in published placebo-controlled trials of SLIT are unavailable in the U.S. It is uncertain whether FDA-approved allergen extracts are suitable for sublingual administration.
		TEC Assessments should not be construed to suggest that the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program or the TEC Program recommends, advocates, requires, encourages, or discourages any particular treatment, procedure, or service; any particular course of treatment, procedure, or service; or the payment or non-payment of the technology or technologies evaluated.
	www.bcbs.com /tec/vol18/18_04.html (1806 words)

	B12 Sublingual [Archive] - BrainTalk Communities
		"Sublingual" is really not the key it is cracked up to be, although a person may get more out of it sublingually.
		It's a lozenge but it's not sublingual, so you can put it under your tongue, but according to them it's not meant to be that way.
		In an era during which many are jumping on the sublingual bandwagon and making big bucks even selling the inferior cyanocobalamin as "superior" because it is formulated to be "sublingual," Jarrow does not use that wording because the B12 molecule is large and it is likely that taking it sublingually doesn't make any difference.
	brain.hastypastry.net /forums/archive/index.php/t-11234.html (5720 words)

	Stop The Thyroid Madness » Sublingual
		Additionally, sublingual bypasses the acidic, destroying gastric action in your stomach where you can lose some of the thyroid ingredients, besides bypasses the metabolizing action of the liver.
		The Sublingual Gland is under the tongue, and because there is more saliva, it results in a faster administration of thyroid hormones to your blood.
		The positive biological facts of sublingual still are in effect, whether you notice it or not.
	www.stopthethyroidmadness.com /sublingual (525 words)

	Sublingual B12 - Vitabase.com
		The vitamins in Sublingual B12 are absorbed directly into the blood stream for faster results.
		Sublingual B-12 is a special formulation that is dissolved under the tongue, meaning that the vitamins can be absorbed directly into the blood stream.
		Suggested Use: Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, adults place one (1) sublingual lozenge under the tongue and allow to dissolve or, as directed by a health care professional.
	www.vitabase.com /products/sublingualb12.asp?c=yht-2002 (240 words)

	Comparisons Between Sublingual and Gastric Tonometry During Hemorrhagic Shock -- Povoas et al. 118 (4): 1127 -- Chest
		Nakagawa, Y, Weil, MH, Tang, W, et al (1998) Sublingual capnometry for diagnosis and quantitation of circulatory shock.
		Weil, MH, Nakagawa, Y, Tang, W, et al (1999) Sublingual capnometry: a new noninvasive measurement for diagnosis and quantitation of severity of circulatory shock.
		Whigham, H, Weil, MH (1966) A model for the study of hemorrhagic shock in the rat: development of the method.
	www.chestjournal.org /cgi/content/full/118/4/1127 (2555 words)

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