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	Subnetwork - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They are typically used to determine whether to send a packet to the MAC address of the default gateway (for packets with destinations outside the subnet) or of the actual machine (for inside the subnet), as determined by ARP.
		Subnet masks are usually represented in the same format as IP addresses themselves; in IPv4, dotted decimal notation, four numbers from zero to 255 separated by periods, e.g.
		Subnet mask 255.254.0.0 (decimal) => 11111111 11111110 00000000 00000000 (binary).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Subnetwork (835 words)

	IP Subnetting: Questions & Answers
		Subnet mask is a 4 byte (32 bit) number used to identify the sub-network ID and the host ID from an IP address.
		In the case of a 'Static Length' subnetwork, irrespective of the number of hosts in the subnetwork, a single subnet mask is used for all the subnetworks.
		In the case of 'Variable Length' subnetwork, IP addresses are allocated depending on the number of hosts present in the subnetwork.
	www.geocities.com /SiliconValley/Vista/8672/network/subnet.html (1263 words)

	Choosing IP Addresses for Your Network: Choosing IP Addresses for Your Network
		In the default subnetwork mask, the bits in all of the bit positionsthat correspond to the bits used for the network number of the IP addressare set to the value of one.
		You leavethe bits in the remaining bit positions in the subnetwork mask set to zero--indicatingthat the remaining bit positions in the IP address' host number are to beused as the new (smaller) host number.
		Figure 4: In this subnetwork mask for a Class C address, the 3 high-order bits of the last octet are set to the value of one, indicating that these bits will be used as a subnetwork number.
	support.novell.com /techcenter/articles/nc1997_02b.html (2746 words)

	Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The network and subnetwork numbers together are used for routing, and the host number is used to address an individual host within the network or subnetwork.
		Subnetworks are networks arbitrarily segmented by a network administrator in order to provide a multilevel, hierarchical routing structure while shielding the subnetwork from the addressing complexity of attached networks.
		Subnetwork IP addresses are usually represented by the beginning of the network address followed by the subnetwork mask, e.g., 128.32.206.128/25.
	fwtf.berkeley.edu /fwtf_report/Glossary.htm (1120 words)

	howtos:ip-subnetworking [FREESCO DokuWiki]
		Subnetwork sizing There is a play off between the number of subnetworks you create and 'wasted' IP numbers.
		Calculating the subnetwork mask and network numbers The network mask is what performs all the local magic of dividing an IP network into subnetworks.
		The network mask for an un-sub-networked IP network number is simply a dotted quad which has all the 'network bits' of the network number set to '1' and all the host bits set to '0'.
	dingetje.homeip.net /dokuwiki/howtos/ip-subnetworking (2690 words)

	Subnetwork mask (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The network mask is a 32-bit number with all ones for all network and subnetwork address portions of the complete IP address, and all zeros for host address portions.
		With a 16-bit Class B IP network address, a 4-bit subnetwork address, and a 12-bit host address, the subnetwork mask consists of 20 ones and 12 zeros.
		In essence, a subnetwork mask locally extends the network address portion of an IP address.
	www.novell.com /documentation/nw42/cncptenu/data/hsfdewwg.html (90 words)

	ADDIPSLOC Command Description
		You cannot specify a directed broadcast address for the remote route destination; for example, nnn.255.255.255 for class A, nnn.nnn.255.255 for class B, and nnn.nnn.nnn.255 for class C. For a single host remote route destination, all bits in the host portion of the IP address cannot be zero (0).
		The subnetwork mask is in the form, nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn, where nnn is a decimal number ranging from 0 through 255.
		This means the subnet mask for a class A address must be 255.nnn.nnn.nnn, the subnet mask for a class B address must be 255.255.nnn.nnn, and the subnet mask for a class C address must be 255.255.255.nnn.
	www.redbooks.ibm.com /pubs/html/as400/v4r5/ic2924/info/cl/addipslo.htm (1430 words)

	Routing method and system using an internet protocol - Patent 5754547
		The subnetworks are unified to constitute a network by a plurality of routers and each router is provided with a table which stores information according to every router indicating terminal addresses and times of connection to the network for every terminal included within the network.
		When a terminal is connected to any one of the subnetworks, the router corresponding to that subnetwork both updates the content of the table incorporated in that router and communicates to other routers the address and connection time of the connected terminal by means of a subscriber signal.
		In the fixed routing method using subnetwork addresses, the IP address of a terminal must include a value that depends on the subnetwork address of the network to which the terminal belongs, and this requirement imposes some limitations on assigning addresses to a terminal device.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5754547.html (2327 words)

	IP 101: All About IP Addresses
		A subnet mask is the mechanism that defines how the host portion of the IP address is divided into subnetwork addresses and local host address portions.
		Once the IP address and subnet mask have been converted to binary, a logical AND is performed between the address and subnet mask (which means the resultant value is 1 if both IP and subnet mask value are a 1; otherwise the result is zero).
		This tells you that for a subnet mask ending in 224, you are splitting the network number into subnets that have 30 usable IP addresses in them (remembering that the first and last IP address in a subnet is not useable for host addressing).
	www.networkcomputing.com /netdesign/ip101b.html (2766 words)

	Formula for defining a Subnet Mask
		Determine the class and the default subnet mask of the IP address you have been given.
		The value under the last bit that you counted is the subnet mask value that will support the required number of subnets.
		The remaining bits to the right hand side of the subnet mask will be used to represent the host portion of the IP address.
	www.mindwerks.org /Subneting.htm (845 words)

	ADDIPSRTE Command Description
		For example, a route to all the hosts on the 9.5.11 subnetwork is identified by entering 9.5.11.0 for the route destination.
		The portion of the subnet mask that is associated with the network portion of a particular class of address must equal 255.
		The subnet mask in this example may be 255.255.192.0 if the third octet is used as the subnetwork ID portion of the internet address.
	www.redbooks.ibm.com /pubs/html/as400/v4r5/ic2924/info/cl/addipsrt.htm (1066 words)

	[No title]
		The subnet mask is employed to determine if the destination IP address is that of either a local or a remote station in the following manner.
		IP addresses within a given subnetwork must be delimited within the boundary of the subnet mask.
		All stations within a given subnetwork must be able to receive MAC layer broadcast frames from any device in the subnetwork.
	members.tripod.com /atreya/tutorials/ip_subnet.html (431 words)

	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
		At the next level, the floor1 subnetwork specifies those parameters that apply to all nodes on that subnetwork and the floor2 subnetwork specifies those parameters that apply to all nodes on that subnetwork.
		If both the subnetwork mask and the router option are specified in a DHCP reply, the subnetwork mask option must be specified first.
		If all subnetworks of the IP network to which the client is connected use the same maximum transfer unit (MTU) as the subnetwork to which the client is directly connected, check True; otherwise, check False.
	www.helsinki.fi /atk/unix/dec_manuals/DOC_51/HTML/ARH9CBTE/DHCPCHPX.HTM (3817 words)

	Subnetmask (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The subnet mask identifies parts of an IP address that correspond to the different sections (separated by dots).
		The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets.
		It is called a mask because it can be used to identify the subnet to which an IP address belongs.
	lrs.ed.uiuc.edu /nethandbooks/glossary/subnetmask.html (306 words)

	U.S. Patent Number 5,550,984
		Another object of the present invention is to provide a communication link between a first and second computer network in which the subnetwork mask which is used for communication inside the first computer network is established independently from the subnetwork mask which is presented at the interface to the second network.
		The domain name, IP address, and subnetwork mask are independent from the original domain name, IP address and subnetwork mask which were used at the network interface adapter into the first network motherboard.
		The independence of the subnetwork masks permits a private network linked to the security system of the present invention to contain as many nodes as desired independently of the subnetwork mask which is presented to the public network side by the second network motherboard.
	www.gelb.com /PATENT.HTM (4578 words)

	Mask (computing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computer science, a mask is some data that, along with an operation, are used in order to extract information stored elsewhere.
		The most common mask used, also known as a bitmask, extracts the status of certain bits in a binary string or number.
		A common type of mask of this type is a subnetwork mask, which is associated with a device's IP address and used to instruct a router which bits of the address indicate the subdivision of the network the computer is on and which identify the specific computer within the subnetwork.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mask_(computing) (458 words)

	[No title]
		IP Sub-Networking Mini-Howto Robert Hart, hartr@interweft.com.au v1.0, 31 March 1997 This document describes why and how to subnetwork an IP network - that is using a single A, B or C Class network number to function correctly on several interconnected networks.
		Calculate the appropriate network mask and network addresses; Give each interface on each network its own IP address and the appropriate network mask; Set up the routes on the routers and the appropriate gateways, routes and/or default routes on the networked devices; Test the system, fix problems and then relax!
		In fact the smallest usable subnetwork consists of 4 IP numbers:- Two usable IP interface numbers - one for the router interface on that network and one for the single host on that network.
	web.mit.edu /linux/docs/HOWTO/mini/IP-Subnetworking (2603 words)

	What Is A Subnet Mask? IP AND Address Class Reserved Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A mask used to determine what subnets an IP address belongs to.
		(By convention, the bits for the network address are all set to 1, though it would also work if the bits were set exactly as in the network addr.) In this case, therefore, the subnets mask would be 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000.
		It's called a mask because it can be used to identify the subnets to which an IP addr.
	bugclub.org /beginners/networking/SubnetMask.html (211 words)

	Content
		The same subnet mask should be used for all hosts, router interfaces and all subnets.
		Having a common subnet mask will allow hosts and routers to determine which subnet the IP packet is intended for.
		Identify the Network Address, the Subnet Mask, the Subnetwork Address, the range of possible host IP addresses for each subnet, the broadcast address of each subnet and also indicate whether the subnet is useable or not.
	fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us /~pthiry/lab1077.html (1552 words)

	White Paper: IP Host Communication in Bridged, Routed and SecureFast Virtual Networks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		All the IP hosts in a bridged network must be configured with the default or natural mask for the IP address Class in use (255.0.0.0 for Class A, 255.255.0.0 for Class B or 255.255.255.0 for Class C).
		If a host is configured with a subnetwork mask for the IP Class network that is logically without a router, that host will only be able to communicate with hosts in that same IP Class network having the same subnetwork mask.
		Without the subnet mask, hosts in a single IP network would not know that they had to transmit IP datagrams to a router for forwarding to the ultimate destination on another subnet.
	www.enterasys.com /products/whitepapers/cullerottoc/cullerot2-3.html (1256 words)

	Linux.com - IP Sub-Networking Mini-Howto: How to subnetwork a IP network number
		Decide how big/small each subnetwork needs to be in terms of the number of devices that will connect to it - ie how many usable IP numbers are required for each individual segment.
		There is a play off between the number of subnetworks you create and 'wasted' IP numbers.
		The network mask is what performs all the local magic of dividing an IP network into subnetworks.
	www.linux.com /howtos/IP-Subnetworking-6.shtml (983 words)

	ETC PF-NFS local subnetwork mask (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		PC's on a subnet need use only the final part of their Internet addresses, the first being common to all said addresses.
		The subnet mask removes the common part, leaving only the subnet address components.
		PCNFS requests the correct subnet mask from the network.
	www.ics.uci.edu /~archive/documentation/PC-NFS/network-submask.html (92 words)

	[No title]
		Subnet mask is 0.0.1111 1111.11000000 or 0.0.255.192 in decimal.
		The default subnet mask for a class C address is 255.255.255.0, meaning that the first three octets are the network portion of the address and the last octet is the host portion.
		An example of a valid subnet mask for a class C address is 255.255.255.240, which yields 14 legal subnets with 14 hosts on each subnet.
	netlab1.usu.edu /novell.faq/subnets.txt (6581 words)

	Managing Multiple Routers at a Single Site > Protecting LAN Users from Router Loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		If the two results are identical, the destination is on the same subnetwork as the sender, and the packet is delivered directly to the destination end system using the appropriate protocols for that subnetwork.
		Delivery of a packet to another subnetwork requires that the packet be sent to a router on the same subnetwork as the sender for forwarding to the ultimate destination.
		Combined with a lack of support for variable-length subnetwork masking, this makes passive RIP usually only suitable in simple networks—or when it is acceptable to limit advertisements to just the default route.
	www.informit.com /articles/article.asp?p=167783 (8038 words)

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