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Topic: Subsistence farming

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	Search Results for "Subsistence farming"
		subsistence farming Farming that provides enough food for the farmer and his family but not enough for sale.
		...attention to the development of alternative sources of employment, to the encouragement of subsistence farming, to the relief of poverty, and to the improvement of...
		Subsistence farming, aided by irrigation, is mostly terraced.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Subsistence+farming (221 words)

	Subsistence farming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Subsistence farming is a mode of agriculture in which a plot of land produces only enough food to feed the family working it.
		Subsistence farming, by definition, produces only enough food to sustain the farmers through their normal daily activities.
		Because surpluses are rare, subsistence farming does not allow for growth, the accumulation of capital or even for much specialization of labor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Subsistence_farming (675 words)

	Agriculture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In addition to emergence of farming in the Fertile Crescent, agriculture appeared by at least 6,800 BC in East Asia (rice) and, later, in Central and South America (maize, squash).
		With the rapid rise of mechanization in the 20th century, especially in the form of the tractor, the demanding tasks of sowing, harvesting and threshing could be performed with a speed and on a scale barely imaginable before.
		Aquaculture, the farming of fish, shrimp, and algae, is closely associated with agriculture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Farming (2653 words)

	Subsistence farming
		Depending on climate, soil conditions, agricultural practices and the crop grown, it generally requires between 0.25 and 10 acres per person.
		In the absence of hired labor, the area of land that a farmer can cultivate each season is limited by factors such as available tools and the quality of the soil.
		The implicit assumption is that the subsistance farmer will leave the community to seek employment in an area where greater resources are available.
	www.nebulasearch.com /encyclopedia/article/Subsistence_farming.html (555 words)

	Deforestation
		Subsistence farming is practiced by millions of people who farm the land by burning a part of the forest and planting crops in the seemingly rich soil.
		Thus, it is possible to farm in the rainforest without permanently destroying the soil but the methods are rarely used and are certainly not compatible with modern farming techniques and farm machinery.
		Uncontrolled cutting of the forest and slash-and-burn subsistence farming techniques might have been acceptable when the population of the world was much lower but today these practices are seriously endangering forests the world over.
	www.mayaparadise.com /deforese.htm (904 words)

	Land Privatisation is not Imperative for Socio-Economic Growth and
		This subsistence farming is the root cause of our poverty as the government has made it abundantly clear.
		Subsistence farming at best produces just enough food for the survival of the farmer and his family members, leaving none for saving and investment.
		The markets of subsistence economy are also rudimentary that lack organisation (co-ordination), structure and financial capacity to absorb surplus production in years of good harvest and to buffer the adversity of natural vagaries in bad years.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2003/03/07-03-03/Land.htm (1457 words)

	Cost/Benefit Analysis
		Some argue that these small farms should be turned from a subsistence farm, which only feeds the household and has little surplus agricultural outputs, to a farm that would benefit their respective countries and the world for that matter.
		First and foremost, subsistence farming is considered a "third world" trait and moving towards cash cropping is considered a sign of "progress" within the "development" paradigm (Escobar, 1995).
		After subsistence farming on both dry lands and irrigated lands during years with normal rainfalls, the peasants decided there was a higher yield of sorghum and millet on the dry lands without the benefit of the irrigation system that the government had already constructed.
	www.humboldt.edu /~jrp2/Documents/econpapr.html (10627 words)

	Subsistence Homesteads
		The establishment of subsistence homesteads is, however, one of the positive indications that we are actually on the eve of a new land and population policy.
		A farm of 160 acres, purchased for $8000, was divided into thirty-five three-acre plots, fifty-five acres being reserved for community pasture and woodlot, commons and public roads.
		Dayton may therefore not only furnish to the country the first model of a subsistence homestead community, it may be the first city which will have developed the idea on a scale large enough to enable the country to determine its effects upon industrial and city conditions.
	newdeal.feri.org /survey/34011.htm (3889 words)

	Crouch 1995
		Subsistence agriculture is preferable to industrial agriculture because the crops planted are generally more diverse than in commercial agriculture, reducing the risk of widespread crop epidemics.
		Subsistence farming may also give the grower greater food security, since they are independent of the food market and do not have to worry about unemployment.
		She argues that if biotechnology is introduced to Third World countries, the areas that currently do the most subsistence farming, the food security of the people in these countries would go down because they would become dependent on large corporations and the international market.
	www.css.cornell.edu /courses/190/abstr/alt1.htm (278 words)

	Agribusiness in a Global Environment Lesson 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Subsistence farming systems grow only enough food and fiber for their own needs, collect fuel and building materials from natural sources, and hardly enter into the cash economy.
		This type of farming system includes tropical and sub-tropical plantations such as Third World banana and sugar cane growers, mid-latitude grain farming such as North American wheat farmers, vegetable and fruit cultivation, mixed crop and livestock farming, and livestock ranching.
		Subsistence farming systems and commercial farming systems are affected by the economics in the various countries.
	www.ais.msstate.edu /age/lesson2/farmsys.html (327 words)

	Chapter 4. Kenya: Centro Internacional de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo
		Urban farming is virtually excluded from the definition of the informal sector in the literature on African cities.
		Subsistence farming needs to be better understood within the context of the global environmental crisis and the sustainable development debate (Lee-Smith and Hinchey Trujillo 1992).
		Nevertheless, urban farming in the “upcountry towns” was begun as early as 1899 by the immigrant Indian railway workers who sold their surplus to Europeans.
	www.idrc.ca /lacro/ev-42936-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (5121 words)

	Uhhp.com :: Haitian History:Result of Petion/Boyer Years (Subsistence Farming) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		If one compares the attractiveness of a simply life supported by subsistence farming with the options that people had known -- the harsh colonial slave system, or the similar system of fermage -- how could it possibly compare to the seeming idyllic life of subsistence farming.
		I am not assuming that the simple life of subsistence farming was easy or that it didn't have negative aspects.
		The life of simple subsistence farming, with all of the limits described above, was such that they did prosper and increase and multiply.
	www.uhhp.com /haiti/history/earlyhaiti/petion_boyer_years.html (1810 words)

	The geese in the garden
		Subsistence farming and secondary occupations constituted an unofficial-official shadow economy in the former GDR, which was a well-established element of “domestic social policy”.
		The farming cooperative that existedbefore the fall of the Wall was by far the largest employer in Gartz and in the surrounding villages.
		Small farming survived then even in those countries of the Eastern bloc where private second-occupation farming was forbidden on ideological grounds, as in countries that remained under more or less Stalinist rule until the end, especially the Soviet Union, Romania and Albania.
	userpage.fu-berlin.de /~garten/geese.htm (4453 words)

	subsistence farming -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Farms tend to be small, an average of no more than two to three acres (about one hectare).
		Farming thus tends to be intensive; that is, the farmer must get a small land area...
		Since the farms were mainly sown with grain, fodder crops were scarce, pastures were often overgrazed, and the livestock sector...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9001314 (927 words)

	CHAPTER 8
		Subsistence Agriculture consists of any agricultural economy in which the crops and/or animals are used nearly exclusively for local or family consumption.
		Another form of extensive subsistence agriculture is found in the tropical rainforest areas of the world where people engage in a kind of nomadic farming.
		Urban Subsistence Farming is an important part of food production in urban areas of the least developed parts of the world.
	faculty.mc3.edu /wbrew/CGEONOTES/CHAPTER8.htm (1357 words)

	Toys Tours: Subsistence Farming
		It is unsurprising therefore that many of the rural population who have managed to grab a piece of land try to farm it.
		This has led to the development of many specialist medium scale pig farms in a way that cow farming has not gone.
		Spending time on a Thai farm gives intersting insights into the Isan phyche and is a great memory to take home with you.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/benkelly/farming.html (698 words)

	Exploring Africa -> Students-> African Economies-> Food Production (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		In many farming societies, children, when not in school, are given the tasks of herding animals, fetching water, scaring away birds, and watching after younger siblings while their parents are busy with more physical labor.
		You will note that in the accompanying photos, much of the work on subsistence farms is done communally, as farmers share the major tasks of cultivation on each other's plots of land.
		Unlike subsistence agriculture that is oriented towards maintaining family subsistence, the goal of commercial agriculture is to generate income and profit through the sale of agriculture products produced on the farm.
	exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu /curriculum/lm9/stu_two.html (2769 words)

	GIRR No.4
		However, the type of subsistence farming undertaken in Bokoli location today is radically different from that of the past.
		This is a lack of a significant subsistence which has transposed into exacerbated poverty levels, migration, wage labour and off-farm incomes for members of households for survival.
		In the agrarian past, agriculture was a means of subsistence where both women and men grew their local staple crops using an exclusively subsistence technology.
	www.ossrea.net /girr/no4/no4.htm (1729 words)

	Market-driven subsistence farms -DAWN - Business; 31 January, 2005
		Small farms devote a larger share of their cropped area to food grains than do large farms.
		Because surpluses are meagre, farming does not allow for growth, the accumulation of capital or even for much specialization of labour.
		Economists argue that one obstacle to agricultural development is that subsistence farmers can not convert their work into capital which can be used to adopt new technology and trigger marketable surplus.
	www.dawn.com /2005/01/31/ebr19.htm (690 words)

	Subsistence Farming - Hawaii » Home
		We are currently digging a garden, planting an orchard and building a chicken coop to begin to support the food needs of this second homestead.
		We are a family farm (Scott, Karin and daughter Lauren (15).
		In fact, there are 5 other farms within an easy walk of our farm that are working towards sustainability defined in their own ways.
	www.eveningrainfarm.com (413 words)

	Agriculture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Many of those engaged in subsistence farming may not have seen this activity as employment since, for the vast majority, no income was produced from this activity.
		Women in subsistence farming were highly likely, according to the results of Census ’96, to classify themselves as either not economically active or else as unemployed.
		The others working on farms (277 000) were classified as small-scale farmers who sold at least some of their produce, or as farmworkers employed on commercial farms.
	www.nda.agric.za /docs/employment/Preliminary.htm (5522 words)

	Untitled Document
		With the mechanization and commercialization of farming, subsistence farming has fallen by the wayside.
		Subsistence farming is designed for the specificities of subclimates, and therefore productivity is maximized.
		With a return to subsistence farming in developing countries, where population growth is the highest, there will be less and less food being produced per capita.
	www.bio.davidson.edu /people/kabernd/seminar/2002/hunger/tmpaper.htm (2020 words)

	ENGINEERING FOR DEVELOPMENT
		Since subsistence production is normally carried on wholly or partly outside the money economy and since the macro-economic viewpoint can only be expressed in money terms, we have here a difficult problem of reconciliation.
		when the "average" subsistence farmer is succeeded by one son and one daughter - but will be proportionally higher when population is increasing - when capital provision has to be made for more than one son and one daughter in succession.
		If, as indicated earlier, farm market prices are rising by some 3% per annum and assuming that one-third of his produce goes into trade, the overall increase in his productivity will be only 1% per annum.
	www.ee.surrey.ac.uk /Personal/D.Jefferies/ejj/ejch18.html (2717 words)

	Farm Ecology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Subsistence-oriented farming characterizes inland U.S. in regions beyond fall line of rivers and outside about a 20-mile radius where no roads or water provide transportation to town markets with a non-agricultural populations.
		Technologies: Subsistence farming is based on wrought-iron Carey plow and bar-side plows, light-weight harrows, pitchfork, hoe and shovel.
		Compare the farming practices of New Englanders as described by the author of American Husbandry (1775) with those of the Pennsylvania Germans depicted by Benjamin Rush (1789).
	www.cnr.berkeley.edu /departments/espm/env-hist/studyguide/chap5.htm (835 words)

	Berkeley: Urban farmers produce nearly all their food with a sustainable garden in their backyard
		He tries to place goats born at the house on farms in the Bay Area, but that is not always possible.
		The unique nature of their farm, sitting as it does near a busy boulevard in a crowded city, has made it an attraction for institutions and neighbors alike.
		The farm was a popular stop on the Alameda County Waste Management Authority's Bay-Friendly Garden Tour in May and will be included in the Urban Sustainability Bike Tour organized by Berkeley's Ecology Center on July 31.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/07/23/EBG247MA251.DTL&type=news (1222 words)

	Rabbit project development strategies in subsistence farming systems
		Since major agricultural farming activities are predominantly performed by women in many cultures, the small and manageable size of the rabbit is ideal.
		If the project is to be introduced at local request into an area where rabbit farming has previously been nonexistent, or where poor rabbit production practices are widely observed, it is recommended that a very limited number (less than five) of progressive farmers be assisted to establish demonstration rabbit farm units.
		On-farm training should be given over several months, with step-by-step lessons in cage construction, practical feeding, breeding, record keeping and rabbit slaughter.
	www.fao.org /docrep/U4900T/u4900T0m.htm (3900 words)

	Chad - Subsistence Farming
		The soudanian zone was also the biggest producer of all subsistence food crops and of cash crops.
		Areas under production for these grains showed a downward trend after the mid-1950s, dropping from an average of 1.5 million hectares to around 1 million hectares in the 1960s and 1970s and falling to levels averaging 750,000 hectares between 1981 and 1986.
		What was originally intended by the French as a commercial cash crop had become a local subsistence crop by the 1980s.
	countrystudies.us /chad/37.htm (1276 words)

	news
		Land privatisation is not imperative for socio-economic growth and development: subsistence mode of economy is the problem!
		The finance that has been used to propel the modest economic growth and to fund the considerable infrastructure construction we are witnessing has not been generated by the subsistence economy, it was obtained from external sources as aid or loan and hence is not sustainable.
		Thus, the argument of the government on the future of the 85 % population if and when they lose their land through sell before the industry sector is sufficiently developed to absorb a good portion of them is tenable.
	www.ethiopiafirst.com /news2003/Jan/Land_privatisation_is_not_imperative.html (1453 words)

	Subsistence Farming/Gardening - DR1 Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		One of the situations that has struck me as being very strange is the lack of 'subsistance farming' and/or private gardening.
		It would seem that this sort of augmemtation of one's ability to eat well would be commonplace in a land where food costs are high and frequently beyound the means of the family who then must depend on the benevolence of their extended families or some charity organizations.
		I recall reading that in the early days of the country, such subsistence farming was the norm.
	www.dr1.com /forums/showthread.php?t=29524 (1180 words)

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