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Topic: Sucking lice

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Human body louse

Anoplura

Lice

Phthiraptera

Neoptera

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	SUCKING LICE
		Sucking lice feed on their hosts blood taking regular blood meals and are unable to survive away from their host for more than 24-36 hours.
		Sucking lice will leave a dead host, or one that has a high fever for a more suitable host and this is a crucial factor in transmission of pathogens through livestock herds.
		Lice lay individual eggs directly onto the hairs of their host and as Anoplura is a Hemimetabola group (young resemble adults except for size) the nymphs hatch and exist in the same manner the larger adults do.
	www.roberth.u-net.com /Sucklice.htm (471 words)

	AllRefer.com - louse (Zoology: Invertebrates) - Encyclopedia
		Lice of both groups are small and flattened with short legs adapted for clinging to the host.
		The sucking lice, of the order Anoplura, are external parasites of humans and other mammals, feeding on blood by means of their piercing-and-sucking mouthparts.
		Sucking lice infestations are common in crowded living conditions and where clothing is not changed or washed frequently.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/L/louse.html (405 words)

	Sucking louse -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		(The act of sucking) Sucking lice (Anoplura) have around 500 ((biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed) species and represent the smaller of the two traditional suborders of (Click link for more info and facts about lice) lice.
		The Anoplura are all blood-feeding (Any external parasitic organism (as fleas)) ectoparasites of (Any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk) mammals.
		Pediculus humanus is divided into two subspecies, Pediculus humanus humanus, or the body louse, sometimes nicknamed "the seam squirrel" for its habit of laying of eggs in the seams of clothing, and Pediculus humanus capitis, or the (Infests the head and body of humans) head louse.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/su/sucking_louse.htm (205 words)

	Louse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Body lice, which are also known as seam squirrels, lay their nits in the seams of the host's clothing.
		Body lice often remain with the clothing or bedding of an infected individual and tend to wander from the clothing of one person to that of another.
		To eliminate lice from the body, physicians may recommend dusting the body with an approved pesticide for lice, or the use of certain lotions or shampoos.
	www.worldbook.com /features/insects/html/louse.html (337 words)

	ecowatch_phthiraptera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lice are small, wingless insects that are parasites of birds and mammals.
		Most sucking lice species feed on the blood of the animals they live on while biting lice usually feed on the feathers and skin of their hosts.
		Lice are parasites of almost all birds and mammals and are found throughout Australia where their hosts occur.
	www.ento.csiro.au /Ecowatch/Insects_Invertebrates/phthiraptera.htm (239 words)

	Merck Vet. Edition - Lice: Introduction
		Sucking lice infest mammals only, but biting lice infest both mammals and birds (see also ectoparasites of poultry, Bedbugs, Examination for Ectoparasites, Ectoparasites).
		Sucking lice usually move more slowly and are often found with mouthparts embedded in the skin.
		Lice on beef cattle can be controlled or suppressed by wintertime use of self-treatment devices, eg, back rubbers, dust bags, and insecticide ear tags, that are used for fly control in the summer.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/71900.htm (1484 words)

	Cattle lice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lice can be an important cause of economic loss when cattle are in poor condition or if infestations are heavy.
		Sucking lice that feed on blood are poisoned as they feed.
		No adult live lice should be found on the animals when they are brought in again for their second treatment, and there should be no live lice at all a few days after the second treatment.
	www.agric.nsw.gov.au /reader/cattlehealth/a0927.htm (2063 words)

	Controling lice in goats
		While lice are found on all species of livestock, goat lice are host specific and only attack goats and their close relatives such as sheep.
		Sucking lice, on the other hand have piercing mouth parts and feed o the blood of its host.
		Lice are generally transmitted from one animal to another by contact.
	www.jackmauldin.com /controling_lice.htm (681 words)

	MSN Encarta - Louse
		True lice infecting domestic animals include the hog louse, the horse louse, two species of cattle lice, and the dog louse.
		The biting lice, or bird lice, are insects differing from the true lice in that they possess biting (rather than sucking) mouthparts.
		The horse louse is classified as Haematopinus asini and the cattle lice as Haematopinus eurysternus and Linognathus vituli.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552874/Louse.html (290 words)

	Beef Cattle Insects: Cattle Lice
		The sucking lice suck blood and serum from cattle.
		Lice are especially important insect parasites as they infest our cattle during the season when cattle are receiving the poorest diet.
		Lice are active insects, moving over the body of the cow.
	msucares.com /insects/beef/lice.html (347 words)

	Lice: A Winter Skin Parasite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lice are parasites that must reside on a live animal to survive.
		The life cycle of lice is perpetuated in a herd of cattle by carrier animals.
		Reality is that the lice still survive on some of these "lice magnets" and prevention strategies have to be initiated on a yearly basis.
	www.caf.wvu.edu /~forage/lice/lice.htm (566 words)

	Gordon's Sucking Lice (Siphunculata) Page
		There is considerable argument to suggest that the Sucking Lice (Siphunculata) and the Biting Lice (Mallophaga) are part of a single order the 'Anoplura' and you may find that what I have treated as two separate orders here, are classified as two suborders under the common title of 'Anoplura' elsewhere.
		The mouthparts are adapted for sucking and retractable into a special cavity in the head when not being used.
		Sucking Lice all feed on fresh blood and only occur on Mammals, they are of most importance to mankind because of the ones that live on us.
	www.earthlife.net /insects/siphunc.html (646 words)

	Lice - Control of Insect and Related Pests of Livestock and Poultry in British Columbia
		The different lice vary in size and colour, but all are small in size from 1 to 6 millimetres long, wingless and flattened.
		Lice are usually more abundant on farm animals in the winter.
		Biting lice may live for a week off the host, as compared with 2 or 3 days at most for sucking lice.
	www.agf.gov.bc.ca /cropprot/lice.htm (425 words)

	THE WORLD OF LIFE with Douglas Drenkow - Sucking & Chewing Lice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Typically, each species of sucking louse lives all its life stages -- egg, nymph, and adult -- on a particular part of the body of one or a few, very similar species of mammal "hosts": For example, the "human head louse" is found on the head and other hairy parts of the human body.
		Sucking lice spread from one host to another when the hosts (or their clothing, combs, or other personal objects) come in contact with or even just near each other.
		Chewing lice chew on the feathers or hair or sometimes the skin or oozing blood of their bird or mammal hosts.
	theworldoflife.home.att.net /systematics/lice.htm (307 words)

	The Louse: An account of the lice which infest man, their medical importance and control by Patrick A. Buxton
		All sucking lice (Anoplura) are obligate parasites, spending their whole life on the skin of a mammal and living exclusively on blood.
		The relation of sucking louse to host is often very close, one species of louse living on one host, or on a few which are closely related to one another.
		It is possible that the lice found on spider monkeys may have been transferred to them from human beings, but if that occurred it was in the remote past, for considerable differences have been evolved between the parasite of man and spider monkey (Ewing, 1938).
	www.jcu.edu.au /school/phtm/PHTM/staff/rsbuxt1.htm (1182 words)

	MICROSCOPY UK - MICSCAPE ARTICLE: Human Lice, louse
		Lice are just one type of parasites which thrive on the human body.
		Lice are small wingless insects, well suited to their mode of living.
		Lice affect nearly all mammal species, though none is known to infect whales or bats, and none has been taken from duckbilled platypus, anteaters or armadillos.
	www.microscopy-uk.org.uk /mag/articles/louse.html (857 words)

	G7011 Beef Cattle Lice Control, MU Extension
		Sucking lice feed by piercing the animal's skin with their sharp mouth parts and withdrawing blood.
		Sucking lice may be found on the head, neck, withers, around the base of the tail, brisket, and along the inner surfaces of the legs.
		Lice should not build up on cattle using dust bags containing one of these insecticides if the bags are located where cattle will use them regularly.
	muextension.missouri.edu /xplor/agguides/pests/g07011.htm (1692 words)

	BoerGoats.com Article externalparasites
		Lice are external parasites which spend their entire lives on the sheep or goat.
		Goat lice are host specific and only attack goats and their close relatives such as sheep.
		Most sucking and biting lice begin to increase in number during the fall and reach peak populations in late winter or early spring.
	www.boergoats.com /clean/articleads.php?art=399 (2993 words)

	Encyclopedia Bugtannica: Sucking Lice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Only three of the 200 known species of sucking lice infest humans: the head louse, the body louse, and the crab louse.
		The sucking lice are external parasites that feed on the blood of their host.
		Some lice are a problem in over-crowded, unsanitary conditions, while others are passed from one person to another by sharing infested articles like headgear, combs, brushes, hair rollers, hats, scarves, and clothing.
	members.aol.com /yesclub2/blsucklice.html (235 words)

	Virtual Exhibit on Canada´s Biodiversity - Focus on Insects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chewing lice are external parasites of birds and mammals.
		Sucking lice are parasitic on mammals including humans and feed on blood.
		Sucking lice have specialized sucking mouthparts while chewing lice have chewing mouthparts.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /biodiversity/orders/Phthiraptera.html (144 words)

	Mites and Lice
		First of all, mites and lice are quite uncommon in pet birds (with the exception of a type of mite that may be found in budgies).
		Lice commonly encountered in pet birds are the biting kind, and are found on the feather shafts of infested birds.
		If you see mites or lice on a pet bird brought in to your store, you will never go wrong by recommending that the customer take the bird to an avian vet for diagnosis of the specific type of bug present, since it is now obvious to you that different insect parasites require different treatments.
	www.exoticpetvet.net /avian/mites.html (2048 words)

	Phthiraptera
		The order is divided into four suborders (Ischnocera, Amblycera, Rhynchophthirina, and Anoplura) distinguishable from one another by the size of the head, the shape of the third antennal segment, and the presence or absence of maxillary palps.
		Sucking lice are responsible for the spread of disease in humans and domestic animals.
		Haematopinidae (Ungulate Lice) -- ectoparasites of cattle, deer, pigs, horses, and zebras (e.g., the hog louse, Haematopinus suis).
	www.cals.ncsu.edu /course/ent425/compendium/phthir~1.html (768 words)

	Order Phthiraptera
		The classification of lice has had a long and tortuous history, as competing perspectives and philosophies seek a taxonomy which best reflects the knowledge of the day.
		The sucking lice were placed in the genus Pediculus and the chewing lice in the genus Ricinus.
		The sucking lice were divided into two genera; Pediculus and Haematopinus, with the chewing lice in a single genus; Nirmus.
	www.phthiraptera.org /classification/Order.html (1072 words)

	Lice
		Fortunately, lice are known to the vast majority of cleanly people only by hearsay: as loathsome parasites not to be discussed in polite society, However, all warm-blooded animals are subject to lice and they are a problem on farms, in menageries and circuses, and among wildlife.
		The egg or "nit" is glued to a hair or feather of the host and the insect spends its whole life on that animal unless it is removed or transferred to another of the same kind.
		There are two types; the sucking lice and the chewing lice.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /natbltn/200-299/nb292.htm (622 words)

	eMedicine - Pediculosis : Article Excerpt by: Lyn Guenther, MD
		Lice are so ubiquitous that terms and phrases such as "lousy," "nit-picking," and "going over things with a fine-tooth comb" are part of everyday vocabulary.
		The sucking mouthparts retract into the head when the lice are not feeding.
		Body lice range in size from 2-4 mm; the female lice are larger than the male lice.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/pediculosis.htm (657 words)

	PestWorld for Kids
		Sucking lice have small or no eyes and feed on blood.
		The second category of lice is chewing lice.
		There are over 2,500 different kinds of chewing lice and they all prefer to feed and live on animals as opposed to humans.
	www.pestworldforkids.org /lice.html (75 words)

	Cattle Lice: Life Cycle, Epidemiology, Pathology, Clinical Signs, Effect on Productivity, Treatment and Control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lice are commonly observed ectoparasites of cattle throughout the United States.
		Biting lice feed on epithelial debris, whereas sucking lice have mouthparts adapted to piercing the skin to feed on blood and tissue fluids.(4,6)
		The feeding habits of lice cause injury to the skin: biting lice ingest skin debris and hair at the skin surface; sucking lice pierce the skin and feed on blood and tissue fluids.
	www.vet.ksu.edu /cdroms/merial/training/98013.htm (1947 words)

	One Mom's War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ellen did know one thing: lice were an epidemic in her daughter's elementary school in Key Largo, Florida.
		Meinking explained that she had been interested in testing alternative lice treatments, and had developed a study to test the validity of home remedies such as olive oil and mayonnaise and compare them to the drug store brands Nix and HairClean 1-2-3.
		Lice may be resistant and health issues may arise.
	www.quantumhealth.com /news/1MOMSWAR.htm (1383 words)

	Anoplura; sucking lice (see accompanying (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Seasonality: most sucking lice are more abundant during winter; there are exceptions, e.g., the sheep foot louse and cattle tail louse.
		Notes or comments: Most sucking lice are host specific to a single species of host.
		As with chewing lice, sucking lice of Equidae and Canidae may parasitize any species of a host family.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu /dp_entm/medical_veterinary/ANOPLUR.html (253 words)

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