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Topic: Sucrose

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Sugar

Disaccharide

Glycosidic bond

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	Sucrose, What is Sucrose? About its Science, Chemistry and Structure
		Sucrose, ordinary table sugar, is probably the single most abundant pure organic chemical in the world and the one most widely known to nonchemists.
		Sucrose is a disaccharide that yields 1 equiv of glucose and 1 equiv of fructose on acidic hydrolysis.
		This 1:1 mixture of glucose and fructose is often referred to as invert sugar, since the sign of optical rotation changes (inverts) during the hydrolysis from sucrose ([alpha]D = +66.5o) to a glucose fructose mixture ([alpha]D = -22.0o).
	www.3dchem.com /molecules.asp?ID=59 (271 words)

	sucrose - Encyclopedia.com
		sucrose, commonest of the sugars, a white, crystalline solid disaccharide (see carbohydrate) with a sweet taste, melting and decomposing at 186°C to form caramel.
		Hydrolysis of sucrose yields D-glucose and D-fructose; the process is called inversion and the sugar mixture produced is known as invert sugar because, although sucrose itself rotates plane-polarized light to the right, the mixture "inverts" this light by rotating it to the left.
		Sucrose is obtained from the "juice" of sugarcane or the sugar beet and from the sap of the sugar maple.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-sucrose.html (1266 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sucrose is the most common food sweetener in the industrialized world, although it has been replaced in American industrial food production by other sweeteners such as fructose syrups or combinations of functional ingredients and high intensity sweeteners.
		Sucrose is ubiquitous in food preparations due to both its sweetness and its functional properties; it is important to the structure of many foods including biscuits and cookies, ice cream and sorbets, and also assists in the preservation of foods.
		Sucrose is an easily assimilated macronutrient that provides a quick source of energy to the body, provoking a rapid rise in blood glucose upon ingestion.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=sucrose (855 words)

	Science of Candy: Science of Sugar
		The white stuff we know as sugar is sucrose, a molecule composed of 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen, and 11 atoms of oxygen (C
		Sucrose is actually two simpler sugars stuck together: fructose and glucose.
		Large crystals of sucrose have a harder time forming when molecules of fructose and glucose are around.
	www.exploratorium.edu /cooking/candy/sugar.html (645 words)

	Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures
		Sucrose in a wide variety of dosages was generally found to decrease physiologic (heart rate) and behavioural (the mean percent time crying, total cry duration, duration of first cry, and facial action) pain indicators and composite pain scores in neonates undergoing heel stick or venepuncture.
		There was inconsistency in the dose of sucrose that was effective (dose range of 0.012 g to 0.12 g), and therefore an optimal dose to be used in preterm and/or term infants could not be identified.
		The use of repeated administrations of sucrose in neonates needs to be investigated as does the use of sucrose in combination with other behavioural (e.g., facilitated tucking, kangaroo care) and pharmacologic (e.g., morphine, fentanyl) interventions.
	www.cochrane.org /reviews/en/ab001069.html (677 words)

	SUCROSE AS AN ANALGESICS IN NEWBORN INFANTS
		Sucrose is a useful and safe analgesic for minor procedure in neonates.
		Sucrose may be a useful and safe analgesic for minor procedures in neonates.
		Sucrose reduces pain reaction to heel lancing in preterm infants: A placebo-controlled, randomized and masked study.
	www.pediatriconcall.com /fordoctor/pharmaupdates/sucrose_ana.asp (2012 words)

	494. Sucrose esters of fatty acids and sucroglycerides (WHO Food Additives Series 15)
		SUCROSE MONOPALMITATE BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS Sucrose monopalmitate is hydrolysed by artificial pancreatic juice in the presence of taurocholate, mucosal homogenates of the rat small intestine (about 30% in 10 minutes), and by homogenates of rat liver (about 40% in 4 hours).
		SUCROSE MONO-OLEATE BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS The gastrointestinal absorption of sucrose mono-oleate was determined in young adult male rats fed various mixtures of the triolein: sucrose mono-oleate.
		Urinary analysis for sucrose showed the presence of 6, 12 and 13 ppm of sucrose in the dietary study and 7, 15 and 24 ppm of sucrose in the liquid study.
	www.inchem.org /documents/jecfa/jecmono/v15je09.htm (1897 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Comparison of Sucrose Catabolism in Roots of Three Beta Vulgaris L. Genotypes with Different ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Interpretive Summary: Sucrose degradation in sugarbeet root influences root size and sucrose concentration since sucrose degradation provides the energy and substrates needed to fuel growth and provides the sucrose concentration gradient that is the impetus for sucrose transport from the leaves to the root.
		Sucrose synthase was the predominant sucrose degrading enzyme at all stages of development examined, and was closely correlated with the accumulation of cell wall materials.
		Sucrose synthase activity was the predominant sucrolytic activity at all stages of development examined, and accounted for 90% or more of the total sucrolytic activity in fodder beet and sugarbeet hybrid roots by six weeks after planting and in L19 eight weeks after planting.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/Publications.htm?seq_no_115=146481 (561 words)

	Sucrose and Sucrase Reactivity (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sucrose is an important aspect of life and its reduction to glucose has to be carefully controlled in photosynthesis.
		The optimum concentration of sucrose determined from the aforementioned data is 10% sucrose.
		However, the higher 10% concentration of sucrose in the same time would have a better chance or probability in beating the competition to the active sites of the enzymes and therefore creating more glucose which is reflected in the results and in Figure 3.
	www.msu.edu /~zatkoffj/rd/sucrose.html (2661 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Characterization of Two Sucrose Synthase Isoforms in Sugarbeet Root. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The major sucrose degrading activity in sugarbeet roots throughout most of their development and during postharvest storage is sucrose synthase.
		These differences suggest that multiple isoforms of sucrose synthase may provide a mechanism to regulate sucrose metabolism in sugarbeet root by differential regulation of expression of the two isoforms and modulation of their activity by changes in cellular pH.
		Sucrose synthase isoform II (SuSyII) was composed of four subunits of 86 kDa.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?seq_no_115=132617&pf=1 (414 words)

	Inversion of sucrose
		In this experiment the rate of reaction between sucrose and water catalyzed by hydrogen ion is followed by measuring the angle of rotation of polarized light passing through the solution.
		Sucrose is dextrorotatory, but the resulting mixture of glucose and fructose is slightly levorotatory because the levorotatory fructose has a greater molar rotation than the dextrorotatory glucose.
		As the sucrose is used up and the glucose-fructose mixture is formed, the angle of rotation to the right (as the observer looks in the direction opposite to that of the light propagation) becomes less and less, and finally the light is rotated to the left.
	www.tau.ac.il /~phchlab/experiments/Sucrose/Sucrose.htm (2758 words)

	Carbohydrates - Sucrose
		Sucrose or table sugar is obtained from sugar cane or sugar beets.
		There are no hemiacetals remaining in the sucrose and therefore sucrose is a non-reducing sugar.
		When sucrose is hydrolyzed it forms a 1:1 mixture of glucose and fructose.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/546sucrose.html (585 words)

	CAS - Molecule of the Week - Sucrose (Site not responding. Last check: )
		“Sugar” refers to a family of related chemical compounds that includes sucrose, the ordinary refined sugar found in Halloween candy.
		Sucrose is a disaccharide, or two-part molecule, formed by linking the monosaccharide sugars glucose and fructose.
		Honey–mostly a mixture of sucrose, glucose, and fructose–is formed when honeybees digest plant nectars using enzymes called invertases to break apart the sucrose molecules.
	www.cas.org /motw/sucrose.html (173 words)

	Sucrose Gradients (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Great: pick lines that are flowing well, stick them in the ultracentrifuge tubes, and open the mixer between the two sucrose solutions (make sure you see high-concentration sucrose being whipped into the outlet side of the gradient maker).
		If the sucrose does not begin flowing through the tubing (this often occurs if the tubing is still moist from prior gradient-making runs), suction it along by attaching the suction bulb tubing to the end of the capillary tubes.
		Add a 1 ml 60% sucrose cushion to the bottom of the gradients by drawing 60% sucrose up in a syringe fitted with a long blunt-end needle.
	web.mit.edu /king-lab/www/cookbook/psucrose.htm (654 words)

	Iron Sucrose Injection (Venofer)
		Iron sucrose injection is a preservative-free aqueous complex of polynuclear iron (III)-hydroxide in sucrose.
		Iron sucrose is contraindicated in patients who do not have iron deficiency anemia, are iron overloaded, and are hypersensitive to iron sucrose or its inactive ingredients.
		Iron sucrose has been shown to be excreted in the milk of rats, but whether it is secreted in human breast milk is unknown.
	uuhsc.utah.edu /pharmacy/bulletins/venofer.html (940 words)

	Polysaccharide from Sucrose Test - Gonorrhea - STD information from CDC
		However, 5% sucrose is inhibitory for some strains ; polysaccharide may be detected on a starch-free medium containing 1% sucrose.
		Although the traditional method for detection of polysaccharide recommends incubation for 48 h., polysaccharide may be detected after incubation for 24 h.
		Prepare 10% sucrose (Reagent grade) solution and filter sterilize using a 0.45 micron filter.
	www.cdc.gov /STD/Gonorrhea/lab/tests/polysac.htm (1152 words)

	CIGNA - iron sucrose (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Iron sucrose injection is used to treat iron deficiencies and iron deficiency anemia in patients with kidney disease.
		Iron sucrose should not be used by people who have an overload of iron in their body or by patients with anemia not caused by iron deficiency.
		Iron sucrose injection is not intended for administration by the patient.
	www.cigna.com /healthinfo/d04725a1.html (959 words)

	Sucrose
		Sucrose is an unusual disaccharide in that it is a nonreducing sugar.
		This is because both of the hydrogen atoms removed in the dehydration reaction came from OH groups that were created during ring closure.
		You are expected to be able to draw and recognize the structural formula for sucrose.
	dl.clackamas.cc.or.us /ch106-07/sucrose.htm (353 words)

	Sucrose : by Ray Sahelian, M.D. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sucrose : by Ray Sahelian, M.D. Sucrose by Ray Sahelian, M.D. Sucrose, also known as table sugar or saccharose, is a disaccharide.
		Sucrose is made from glucose combined with fructose.
		Sucrose melts and decomposes at 186°C to form caramel, and when burnt produces carbon dioxide and water.
	www.raysahelian.com /sucrose.html (88 words)

	Sucrose (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sucrose is a disaccharide, formed from glucose + fructose.
		Sucrose is the standard sweet taste against which all other sweeteners are judged.
		Sucrose was a Molecule of the Month in December, 1996, at Oxford University.
	www.rosalindfranklin.edu /cms/biochem/walters/sweet/sucrose.html (82 words)

	Sucrose consumption increases naloxone-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in limbic forebrain -- Pomonis et al. 278 (3): ...
		Sucrose consumption increases naloxone-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in limbic forebrain -- Pomonis et al.
		Sucrose consumption increases naloxone-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in limbic forebrain
		Effects of the opioid antagonist naltrexone on feeding induced by DAMGO in the central nucleus of the amygdala and in the paraventricular nucleus in the rat.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/278/3/R712 (3375 words)

	Sugars
		It is possible to join a molecule of glucose and a molecule of fructose together by removing a molecule of water.
		Sucrose is transported by plants in their phloem.
		Because the atoms of Carbon in a molecule of sucrose are not all directly joined to each other it is not a monosugar but a disugar or disaccharide.
	www.purchon.com /biology/sugars.htm (456 words)

	iron sucrose - Drug Finder - MSN Health & Fitness (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Iron sucrose injection is used to treat iron deficiencies and iron deficiency anemia in patients with kidney disease.
		Iron sucrose should not be used by people who have an overload of iron in their body or by patients with anemia not caused by iron deficiency.
		Iron sucrose injection is the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is unlikely that iron sucrose injection will harm an unborn baby.
	health.msn.com /drugfinder/articlepage.aspx?cp-documentid=100107213 (955 words)

	Enzymes in the sucrose industry
		The sucrose industry is a comparatively minor user of enzymes but provides few historically significant and instructive examples of enzyme technology The hydrolysis ('inversion') of sucrose, completely or partially, to glucose and fructose provides sweet syrups that are more stable (i.e.
		The autolysate was added to the syrup (70% sucrose (w/w)) to be inverted together with small amounts of xylene to prevent microbial growth.
		Then, over a period of days or weeks, sucrose hydrolysis occurs and the increase in solubility causes the centres to become soft or liquid, depending on the water content of the centre preparation.
	www.lsbu.ac.uk /biology/enztech/sucrose.html (630 words)

	Differential Calming Responses to Sucrose Taste in Crying Infants With and Without Colic -- Barr et al. 103 (5): e68 -- ...
		Percent time mouthing after water (closed symbols) and sucrose (open symbols) in infants with (circles) and without (squares) colic before taste administration (period 0) and in each minute after stimulus administration (periods 1 and 2) when tastes are administered to crying infants before a feeding.
		Percent time mouthing after water (closed symbols) and sucrose (open symbols) in infants with (circles) and without (squares) colic before taste administration (period 0) and in each minute after stimulus administration (periods 1 and 2) when tastes are administered to crying infants after a feeding.
		Blass EM, Smith BA Differential effects of sucrose, fructose, glucose, and lactose on crying in 1- to 3-day-old human infants: Qualitative and quantitative considerations.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/103/5/e68 (6435 words)

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