
	Where results make sense

Topic: Sudan Liberation Army

	Essential Background: Overview of human rights issues in Sudan (Human Rights Watch, 31-12-2004) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The government of Sudan answered the military challenge posed by the two rebel movements in Darfur, the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), by arming, training and deploying Arab ethnic militias known as “Janjaweed”, who had an additional agenda of land-grabbing.
		Sudan is home to the world’s largest internally displaced persons (IDP) population, which grew in 2004 from 4 million to almost 6 million.
		Sudan’s election to the U.N. Commission on Human Rights on May 5 was another indication of the international community’s failure to censure the government of Sudan for abuses in Darfur.
	hrw.org /english/docs/2005/01/13/sudan9885.htm (1594 words)

	United Nations - OCHA IRIN \| Web Special \| Sudan: A future without War? - IRIN Web Special on the prospects of peace in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) - The SPLA is the military wing of the SPLM, and is subordinate to it.
		It is Sudan’s largest rebel movement, highly centralised, currently engaged in bilateral peace process with the Khartoum government in Kenya, in favour of a secular, united, democratic Sudan.
		Appointed presidential adviser by Al-Bashir in 1989, and in 1998 as Sudan's ambassador to the UN.
	www.irinnews.org /webspecials/SudanDarfur/Whos-WhoI.asp (3121 words)

	Sudan - parties and political groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The movement name is nowdays used on web-site of Free Sudan Center the Sudan Liberation Movement and its military wing, the Sudan Liberation Army (SLM/SLA), based mainly in the souther province of Dafur.
		Sudan can be divided in two major ethnic-religious parts: in the North the Arab-Muslim population with the capital of Khartoum, in the South the fl African Christian and animistic population.
		1909 - Lado enclave ceded by Belgium from Congo to the Sudan
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/sd}.html (2307 words)

	Darfur Liberation Front / Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) / Sudan Liberation Army
		The government of Sudan maintains that conflict in this region of Darfour is primarily a tribal one, centred around the competition for land between pastoralists and crop farmers in the area.
		Turabi, the former speaker of Sudan's parliament and the ideologist of its Islamist revolution, was removed from office in May 2000 and inprisoned by Sudan's military.
		The Sudan Liberation Army began battling an Arab militia called Janjawid [Janjaweed, meaning "a man with a horse and a gun"] as well as government troops in the Darfur region of western Sudan.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/darfur.htm (4948 words)

	SudanTribune article : Press Release from The Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The violation of security and humanitarian agreements by the government of Sudan implies that the government of Sudan is adamant in continuing with its earth scorched policy against the people of Darfur.
		Sudan Liberation Movement strongly condemns the atrocious acts of Khartoum regime which depicts that the Khartoum regime is not serious in adhering to its commitments.
		The atrocious acts are further fuelled up by the government of Sudan to exacerbate the already volatile humanitarian situation which leads to the increase of deceases, starvation and ultimate death.
	www.sudantribune.com /imprimable.php3?id_article=8619 (321 words)

	AfricaSpeaks.com - Sudan's Darfur Crisis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The civil war in western Sudan erupted in February 2003, when an armed rebel group, the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA), began a series of attacks on government forces and installations in the region.
		Sudan's representative at the UN al-Fateh Muhammad Ahmad Erwa said that the issuance of the resolution in such a timing reveals what he called the hidden agenda of certain countries.
		Sudan is such a huge nation, the size of western Europe, that it is possible, confusingly, for there to be a devastating war taking place in Darfur and, at the same time, a peace process moving forward in other parts of the country.
	www.africaspeaks.com /articles/2004/sudan.html (3153 words)

	SudanTribune article : Sudan Liberation Army rebels may have killed aid workers - UN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		KHARTOUM, Sudan, Dec 15, 2004 (AP) — There are indications that the rebel Sudan Liberation Army may have been responsible for the shooting death of two aid workers earlier this week, a U.N. spokeswoman said Wednesday.
		Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) rebels ride on the front of a truck with a bullet-ridden windscreen into the mountain village of Deribat in South Darfur state in western Sudan November 16, 2004.
		She said there were also reports of fighting Tuesday between government forces and the SLA near El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur.
	www.sudantribune.com /article.php3?id_article=7032 (496 words)

	Sudan People's Liberation Army - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Not to be confused with Sudan Liberation Movement in Darfur.
		Its declared aim is to establish a democratic Sudan with it as the leading party in control of the southern areas.
		While the war in southern Sudan has been largely described in religious and ethnic terms, it is also a struggle for control of the oil resources located in the south and the west.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sudan_People's_Liberation_Army (410 words)

	The World Press Review - Disputed Oil Production in Southern Sudan
		The army, according to eyewitness reports, forcibly clears areas surrounding the oil wells and then destroys the houses and villages to discourage the inhabitants from returning.
		The rebels of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), who have been fighting for the independence, or at least the autonomy, of the South since 1983, have now threatened to attack foreign oil workers and the production facilities themselves.
		The South Sudan Relief Agency (SSRA), an assistance organization headquartered in East Africa, which characterizes itself as independent and nonpartisan, confirms the positive effect of the presence of Western oil companies in the embattled territories.
	www.worldpress.org /0701sudan.htm (1080 words)

	Dismal World \| Violence: Sudan People Liberation Army (SPLA)
		This armed conflict was as a reaction against the decision of general Numeiry to impose the Sharia to the whole population of Sudan.
		He used to be to be colonel in the Sudanese army and is a personal friend of the Ugandan president Museveni (both were students at Tanzania's Dar es Salaam University in the 1960s).
		One of the remaining problems is that the South Sudan as envisaged by the SPLA - roughly a third of the present Sudan - includes most of the areas with oil reserves (the Bentiu and Muglad oilfields) while the borders drafted by the government are much more confined.
	www.dismalworld.com /violence/sudan_people_liberation_army_spla.php (988 words)

	Resolutions and Related Reports: Sudan, Report of the Secretary-General on children and armed conflict in the Sudan ...
		The report stresses that individual commanders of the numerous armed forces and groups in the Sudan bear responsibility for the commission of grave violations by their forces, but that the Government of National Unity and the Government of Southern Sudan are also directly accountable for the commission of violations by individuals within their command structures.
		The Sudan is a vast country with many local histories of violence: in the south, in the transitional areas that straddle the border between north and south, in Darfur and the east.
		In eastern Sudan, the Government and the Eastern Front, a coalition of local rebel groups, signed a declaration of principles for the resolution of the eastern conflict on 19 June 2006 in Asmara.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/SODA-6SW53J?OpenDocument (970 words)

	Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement
		Northern Sudanese recognition of the leader of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), Dr John Garang, took an important step in October 1996 when he was appointed chairman of the military command of the seven groups affiliated with the National Democratic Alliance.
		It is largely but not exclusively southern and Christian, and its declared aims are the establishment of a secular, democratic Sudan.
		As leader of the breakaway Southern Sudan Independence Movement, Riek Machar signed a provisional peace treaty with Khartoum in April 1996.
	www.sudanupdate.org /WHOSWHO/SPLAM.HTM (761 words)

	THE SUDAN LIBERATION MOVEMENT AND SUDAN LIBERATION ARMY (SLM/SLA)
		The Sudan Liberation Movement/Army is of the view that Sudan’s unity is of paramount importance, but it should not be maintained and cannot be viable unless it is based on justice and equality for all the Sudanese peoples.
		Sudan’s unity must be anchored on a new basis that is predicated on full acknowledgement of Sudan’s ethnic, cultural, social and political diversity.
		Sudanism will provide the Sudanese with the necessary space, regardless of whether they are Arabs or Africans, Christians or Muslims, Westerners or Easterners, Southerners or Northerners to achieve greater cohesiveness on the basis of the simple fact of being Sudanese.
	www.sudan.net /news/press/postedr/214.shtml (1590 words)

	Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM)
		With the exception of a fragile peace established by negotiations between southern Sudanese insurgents (the Anya Nya) and the Sudan government at Addis Ababa in 1972, and lasting until the resumption of the conflict in 1983, southern Sudan has been a battlefield.
		The north-south distinction and the hostility between the two regions of Sudan is grounded in religious conflict as well as a conflict between peoples of differing culture and language.
		The Pentagon and CIA considered Sudan to be second only to Iran as a staging ground for international terrorism.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/spla.htm (836 words)

	Sudan
		Sudan, with a population of 40.2 million, has an authoritarian government in which President Omar Hassan al‑Bashir and the National Congress Party (NCP) inner circle hold all effective political power.
		The SPLM Army (SPLM/A), the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA), and the JEM committed killings, beatings, abductions, rape, robbery, destruction of property, and forcible conscription.
		On July 26, the SLA claimed that the town of Korma was under its control and stated that the area was in urgent need of assistance but that vehicles carrying humanitarian supplies would not be allowed to pass through the area without sharing the supplies.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61594.htm (12748 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Who are Sudan's Darfur rebels?
		The SLA drew their first recruits from Fur self-defence militia that arose as the conflict of 1987 - 1989 spread.
		SLA Secretary-General Minni Arkou Minnawi published a political declaration calling for armed struggle, accusing the government of ignoring Darfur.
		Although Jem and SLA come from different ideological backgrounds they have managed to co-operate in their fight against the government and the Arab militia, the Janjaweed.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/3702242.stm (639 words)

	[No title]
		In Sudan, the leader of the rebel Sudan People's Liberation Army, John Garang, is preparing to negotiate with the government in Khartoum to reach an end to Africa's longest-running civil war.
		With his Kwanzaa greetings, President Bush is saluting the intellectual sibling of the Symbionese Liberation Army, killer of housewives and police.
		In a shocking announcement, Hearst declared her intention to fight “for my freedom and the freedom of all oppressed people,” her transformation from society girl to urban guerilla complete including a new moniker, “Tania.” The nation’s obsession with the story became feverish, with news networks battling each other for scraps of exclusive footage.
	www.lycos.com /info/symbionese-liberation-army--sudan-people.html (355 words)

	[No title]
		Sudan acknowledges that China is one of its leading weapons suppliers. UN investigators have found that Libya, Chad, and Eritrea have also sent weapons to groups in Darfur.
		June 20, 2006: The president said that Sudan would not be "recolonized." That was his way of saying that no UN peacekeeping force will be allowed into Darfur.
		Sudan' intends to appeal to African memories of colonialism to keep UN peacekeepers out.
	www.strategypage.com /qnd/sudan/articles/20060624.aspx (425 words)

	Slavery in Sudan
		Although Sudan suffered a North-South civil war from 1955-72, slave-taking was not a central issue then.
		In 1983, Southern army units mutinied and formed the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), which claims to fight for the equality of all Sudanese.
		Sudan Update published a discussion booklet, "Slavery in Sudan" in May 1997, in conjunction with Anti-Slavery International.
	www.sudanupdate.org /REPORTS/Slavery/slave.htm (1321 words)

	Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM)
		The Machakos Protocol, signed between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army, represented an agreement on a broad framework on principles of governance, as well as procedures for a transitional process.
		The transitional military agreement was signed in late September 2003 in Naivasha, Kenya, between the Government of the Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A).
		On 28 November 2003 the government of Sudan and the country's main rebel group agreed to extend their cease-fire for another two months, pending the negotiation of a peace agreement.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/para/spla.htm (1912 words)

	Sudan - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution
		A former member of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army reported that during training in 1986 in the bush of the Equatoria region (in the south), the women trainees were sexually abused, not only by Sudanese trainers, but also by Ugandan soldiers who were training with them.
		She had been detained and tortured in the town of Wau (Southern Sudan), when she refused to sleep with her local commander.
		Sudan has allowed the LRA to have bases in Sudanese territory.
	www.uri.edu /artsci/wms/hughes/sudan.htm (257 words)

	Juba Online Hall: Sudan Liberation Movement/ Sudan Liberation Army, (SLM/ SLA)
		"Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A), that is the name we are going to adopt from today, instead of Darfur Liberation Front (DLF)," said the group's secretary general Minni Arkou Minnawi, in a statement received by AFP in Cairo.
		The NDA in an umbrella grouping of the southern Christian and animist rebels of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and northern Muslim Arab opposition groups.
		Sudan's Information Minister al-Zahawi Ibrahim Malek said on Monday that tribes in neighboring Chad were assisting the Darfur rebels.
	members3.boardhost.com /makongu/msg/151.html (451 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Rebel factions spurn Darfur deal
		The small Justice and Equality Movement (Jem) and a faction of the main group, the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA), have rejected the deal as it stands.
		One of the factions of the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) made an equally uncompromising statement.
		However the chief negotiator of the SLA left the possibility open that a deal could be reached.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/4957242.stm (615 words)

	Sudan - Amnesty International
		During the year the ceasefire between the government and the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), led by John Garang, continued but was breached by attacks by government-supported militias around Malakal which displaced tens of thousands of people.
		The SLA and JEM were responsible for unlawful killings, attacks on humanitarian convoys and abductions.
		Al-Tayeb Ali Ahmad, an SLA member, was sentenced to death in January for crimes against the state, accused of participating in an attack on al-Fasher airport in 2003.
	web.amnesty.org /report2005/sdn-summary-eng (2482 words)

	Sudan - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		Sudan's large oil deposits are central to the ongoing violence, as foreign governments and companies vie for lucrative concessions.
		This report from the UN panel of experts on Sudan advises the Security Council to impose further sanctions on the government and rebel Sudan Liberation Army “as collective entities rather than as individuals” for impeding the peace process.
		After the Sudan Liberation Army's unprecedented attack on an undefended camp for Internally Displaced Persons in Darfur, UN Chief of Humanitarian Affairs Jan Egeland warned that the UN peacekeeping mission in Southern Sudan (UNMIS) may not be able to sustain its operations under escalating insecurity.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/issues/sudanindex.htm (10951 words)

	Agreement on Security Arrangements During the Interim Period: Sudan: Peace Agreements: Library and Links: U.S. ...
		Except for those deployed in the Joint/Integrated Units, the rest of the SPLA forces currently deployed in Nuba Mountains and Southern Blue Nile shall be redeployed South of the South/North border of 1/1/1956 as soon as the Joint/Integrated Units are formed and deployed under international monitoring and assistance.
		The Joint/Integrated Units shall constitute a nucleus of a post referendum army of Sudan, should the result of the referendum confirm unity, otherwise they would be dissolved and the component parts integrated into their respective forces.
		The redeployment of SPLA forces from Eastern Sudan to South of the South/North border of 1/1/1956 shall be completed within one (1) year from the beginning of the pre-Interim period.
	www.usip.org /library/pa/sudan/sudan_security_09252003.html (1007 words)

	Bush to meet Darfur rebel group leader - Politics - MSNBC.com
		Sudan Liberation Army chief to discuss implementing peace agreement
		Earlier this month, the Sudanese Liberation Army, the only rebel group that signed the peace agreement on May 5, nominated Minnawi to the post of senior assistant to Sudan's president.
		The agreement is not popular in refugee camps in Darfur where many people have tribal links to the leader of a breakaway Sudan Liberation Army faction and argue that the peace terms are inadequate.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/14014203 (268 words)

	Center for Religious Freedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom urges the United States to ensure that any peace talks in Sudan are based upon the Declaration of Principles developed under the auspices of the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD).
		These principles, which have already been agreed to by the Government of Sudan and the SPLM/SPLA, provide for self-determination for the south and a secular government that would ensure religious freedom for all individuals, north and south.
		3.1 Sudan is a multi-racial, multi —ethnic, multi-religious and muli-cultural society.
	www.freedomhouse.org /religion/sudan/publications/igad_dop.htm (608 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)