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Topic: Sudden Oak Death

	Oak - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Oaks are hardwood trees, the wood commonly used in furniture and flooring.
		Oak Wilt, caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fagacearum (a fungus closely related to Dutch Elm Disease), is also a lethal disease of some oaks, particularly the red oaks (the white oaks can be infected but resist the disease better, and are not usually killed).
		The leaves of oak are eaten by the larvae of Lepidoptera species such as Oak Hook-tip, Blotched Emerald, Common Emerald, November Moth and Pale November Moth.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /oak.htm (1002 words)

	sudden oak death on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sudden Oak Death a Silent Killer Amongst the Trees in Monterey County, Calif.
		An oak tree killed by sudden oak death, which has killed thousands of trees on the west coast, oozes the tell-tale dark secretion from it's bark on a hillside in Castro Valley, California, Wednesday,
		An oak tree killed by sudden oak death, which has killed thousands of trees on the west coast, sits among healthy trees on a hillside in Castro Valley, California, Wednesday, September 19, 2001.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-suddenoak.asp (357 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Sudden oak death (SOD) is a fungal disease that causes a rapid decline and death of oaks.
		The causal fungus of SOD is Phytophthora ramorum.
		On oak, the disease causes a bleeding canker on the stems or trunk.
	www.urbanext.uiuc.edu /greenline/02v6/06.html (322 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		However, sudden oak death is often in the news and is now a concern for Washington State.
		Sudden Oak Death (or SOD) was named so because in 1995 epidemic proportions of tanoaks died suddenly in Marin County, California.
		Sudden Oak Death doesn’t cause death in all plant species that are affected.
	whatcom.wsu.edu /ag/homehort/pest/sidden_oak_death.htm (1017 words)

	Smoky Mountain News \| Outdoors
		Oak, a leading expert in the new and emerging field surrounding Sudden Oak Death, is working around the clock as part of a national team formulating strategies for tracking, identifying and containment of fungus.
		Oak said a plant shipped out in February 2003 could have been grown in the same lot as the known contaminated species, but the destination of those plants will never be known.
		Oak said it would be “total speculation” to peg the fungus to a climate at this point.
	smokymountainnews.com /issues/04_04/04_07_04/out_sudden_death.html (2011 words)

	Sudden Oak Death Facts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sudden Oak Death is caused by a funguslike pathogen recently identified by UC scientists and named Phytophthora ramorum.
		In Oregon, Sudden Oak Death has been confirmed in Brookings, a small town in the southwestern corner of the state.
		Wood decaying fungi are seen in the later stages of decline on the trunks of oaks and tanoaks.
	danr.ucop.edu /newsold/MediaKit/SODfacts.html (396 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Sudden Oak Death (SOD) is a disease caused by Phytophthora ramorum, a new species of fungus- like organism that has killed large numbers of oaks and tanoaks in some areas of central coastal California.
		SOD was first observed in California in1995 killing tanoaks in Mill Valley, Marin County.
		The cause of SOD was not diagnosed until July of 2000, when researchers reported that a new species of Phytophthora had been isolated from diseased oak trees.
	acwm.co.la.ca.us /scripts/SuddenOakD.htm (1647 words)

	Sudden Oak Death - Washington State Dept. of Agriculture - WSDA
		Sudden oak death (SOD) is a serious plant disease that attacks many types of plants and trees common to the Pacific Northwest, including azaleas, big leaf maples, huckleberry, California bay laurel, camellia, myrtles, honeysuckle, Pacific madrone, Douglas fir, rhododendrons, and vibernum.
		Sudden oak death is caused by a pathogen called Phytophthora ramorum.
		The American strain of sudden oak death was found for the first time in 1995 in Mill Valley, California.
	agr.wa.gov /PlantsInsects/Diseases/SOD (796 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Sudden Oak death (SOD) is a disease caused by Phytophthora ramorum, a serious fungal pathogen that has killed a large number of oak trees in California since it was first detected in 1995.
		The name Sudden Oak Death is used because of the rapid change of color of leaves from green to brown.
		To help prevent the introduction of Sudden Oak Death, do not transport infected or potentially infected host material and soil that is taken from areas where the pathogen is known to occur.
	www.agf.gov.bc.ca /cropprot/sod.htm (1250 words)

	01.10.01 - UC researchers announce results that could complicate measures to halt spread of Sudden Oak Death
		In California, Sudden Oak Death has been reported from Sonoma Valley in the north to Big Sur in the south, a 190-mile range, as well as east to the Napa County border, about 25 miles inland.
		Oaks provide habitat for wildlife and a food supply for small mammals and are frequently planted as ornamentals in gardens and parks.
		Sudden Oak Death occurs in tanoaks, coast live oaks and fl oaks.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/2001/01/10_oak.html (1088 words)

	Sudden Oak Death (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sudden Oak Death (SOD) is a devastating disease recently reported in central coastal California and southwestern Oregon.
		SOD is not involved in the oak decline event that is currently being observed in Arkansas and Missouri.
		The SOD pathogen has the potential to infect oaks and other trees and shrubs if it is transported to the Central States.
	www.walnutcouncil.org /sudden_oak_death.htm (232 words)

	Sudden Oak Death (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The list of plants that are known to serve as hosts for SOD that are banned from import from California is a long one, and it includes: camellia, rhododendron, viburnum, maple, buckeye, strawberry tree, bearberry, witch hazel, honeysuckle, rose, blueberry, beech, mountain laurel, fir, yew, flberry and raspberry.
		Sudden Oak Death was first detected in the United States in Marin County, Ca.
		Once an oak tree that is infected with SOD shows the symptom of a bleeding canker, the tree could be dead as quickly as six months later.
	www.gon.com /oak704.html (1250 words)

	Coast & Ocean Winter 2001-2002 Sudden Oak Death
		That the cause of SOD was a new pathogen was established in 2000 by David Rizzo, a professor of plant pathology at UC Davis, and Matteo Garbelotto, a forest pathologist at the Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management in the School of Ecosystem Sciences at UC Berkeley.
		In December 2000, in a Santa Cruz rhododendron nursery surrounded by dying oak woodlands, a culture was taken from a plant with spotting on its leaves, and a pathogen identical to the one killing oaks was identified.
		She also found that rainwater splashes onto oak trunks at the height where cankers are usually seen, and that bleeding could be started by applying pathogen spores to the outside of a healthy tree.
	www.coastalconservancy.ca.gov /coast&ocean/winter2002/pages/one.htm (3285 words)

	New Scientist Breaking News - Hikers help spread sudden oak death
		The researchers found the pathogen causing sudden oak death was prevalent along trails through otherwise uninfected forests, but almost absent in soil samples taken two metres away from the trail.
		Sudden oak death, caused by the fungus-like pathogen Phytopthora ramorum, is sweeping through forests in coastal California.
		He estimates that in burned areas fewer than 5% of oaks show signs of the disease - in areas that did not burn, up to 90% of oaks are dying or already dead.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn6257 (588 words)

	Sudden Oak Death (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sudden Oak Death is one of many watermold diseases called Phytophthora ramorum.
		For example, a live oak in Los Gatos whose leaves suddenly turned brown and which had numerous fl fruiting bodies of the Hypoxylon fungus, which is considered an important symptom of Sudden Oak Death, proved to have been killed by a massive infestation of Pacific Flathead borer insect larvae.
		Tanbark oak (Lithocarpus densiflora) represent ninety percent of the trees symptomatic of the disease in the Santa Cruz Mountains.
	www.mnn.net /sudden_oak_death.htm (410 words)

	Southern Regional Extension Forestry - Sudden Oak Death Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sudden Oak Death (SOD) is a forest disease caused by a fungus that accumulates on host plants (such as Ericaceous plants, which include heathers, azaleas, and rhododendrons) which live in the under story of forests in cool temperatures with relatively high moisture.
		Oaks are prone to many stresses, including a number of pathogens.
		Sudden oak death is initiated by a type of fungi named Phytophthora ramorum, newly discovered and named (~1993).
	www.sref.info /spotlight/sodinfo (360 words)

	Forestry Commission - Plant Health - Sudden oak death - phytophthora alert
		The first case, in a Southern Red Oak in Sussex, had been confirmed in November 2003 and further cases were confirmed early in December 2003 in trees in the south west of England.
		It causes a disease which was given its "common" (but misleading) name Sudden Oak Death because it was discovered in parts of coastal California causing significant death of Tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) and other true oaks in the genus Quercus.
		Oak decline also involves recurrent episodes of drought, other root infecting fungi, repeated insect defoliation and scale insect attack.
	www.forestry.gov.uk /website/oldsite.nsf/ByUnique/WCAS-4Z5JLL (968 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Termed sudden oak death, it was later determined that the causal agent was a newly described fungal pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum.
		After its initial detection, sudden oak death was only thought to be established in California and Oregon.
		Sudden oak death can be recognized by crown dieback, leaf discoloration, or the presence of fl or red ooze bleeding from cankers on the bark.
	www.dcnr.state.pa.us /forestry/fpm_invasives_SOD.aspx (284 words)

	Sudden oak death / Homeowners fear for their trees (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A mature oak tree with a canopy of 40 feet can be the basis of a garden and add as much as $30,000 to the value of a home.
		In fact, "three hosts (bay laurel, madrone and rhododendron) are the most dangerous for spreading SOD because the pathogen sporulates on their leaves," said Dave Rizzo, a forest pathologist from the University of California at Davis.
		The common name, sudden oak death, is misleading since the pathogen affects more than oak trees and it typically takes more than a year for the tree to die.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2002/05/11/HO9708.DTL (1280 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Sudden oak death is a new disease capable of causing a range of symptoms from leaf spots to plant death on many woody hosts.
		Because sudden oak death is a new disease, much about the pathogen, host range, and the disease epidemiology is unknown.
		Canker and vascular discoloration on a mature tan oak.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /PP118 (1118 words)

	Fungal Disease Is Killing Oak Trees in Parts of U.S. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Fungal Disease Is Killing Oak Trees in Parts of U.S. Summary Scientists are in a race against time to stifle the spread of a fungal disease that has killed tens of thousands of stately oak trees in California and southwestern Oregon.
		If the disease is not controlled, scientists fear that oak trees could go the way of the American chestnut tree, which dominated forests in the eastern United States until they were virtually wiped out by a fungus in the early part of the 20th century.
		How sudden oak death has spread hundreds of miles up and down the coast, killing most of the oak trees and rhododendron plants in its path, has eluded the scientists so far.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2001/12/1205_oaktreedeath.html (761 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Sudden oak death is a highly lethal fungal disease of oak trees.
		Sudden Oak Death (SOD) has killed tens of thousands of fl oak, coast live oak and tan oak trees in Northern California and southern Oregon since it appeared in 1995.
		SOD spores can spread through the air, but they are more likely to spread in the United States through movement of infected plants and plant products.
	www.mda.state.mn.us /invasives/suddenoakdeath (378 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		The most alarming new information about the host range of this pathogen was presented by Dr. Dave Rizzo, forest pathologist at the University of California at Davis, at the American Phytopathological Society meetings held in Salt Lake City this past August.
		On tanoak, California live oak, and California fl oak, the first symptom is fl or reddish ooze or “bleeding” from cankers.
		To date, no white oaks have been shown to be susceptible to the pathogen.
	www.ohiosaf.org /sudden.htm (812 words)

	Washington Sudden Oak Death
		Symptoms of sudden oak death caused by Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron
		Sudden oak death (SOD) was first noticed in central California's coastal counties in 1995 and since then large numbers of tanoaks (Lithocarpus densiflorus), coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia) and fl oaks (Quercus kelloggii) have died.
		We are greatly concerned, however, about the spread and development of SOD in Washington and have developed this web site to keep researchers, extension agents, and the public up to date on the latest information on SOD.
	www.cfr.washington.edu /research.sod (235 words)

	Sudden Oak Death \| MetaFilter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sudden Oak Death is caused by a fungus-like organism called Phytophthora ramorum and it has been discovered at Monrovia and other nurseries in California.
		SOD is frequently compared to Chestnut Blight, which killed 3.5 billion trees in about fifty years and almost wiped out the entire species.
		Sudden Oak alarms me, deeply, not least because there is some potential for harm to coastal Sequoias, which are one of the fungal hosts.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/31859 (440 words)

	Sudden Oak Death
		Sudden oak death is caused by a newly identified and named species in the genus Phytophthora (this is the same genus of which the pathogen, P.
		On oaks the fungus does not appear to sporulate, yet abundant spores have been recovered after rain events, but only during the winter.
		There is enormous concern about the potential for catastrophic fire as some of the oaks are lower canopy or understory species, and, it gets VERY dry in California during the summer.
	www.mnstac.org /news/sudden_oak_death.htm (502 words)

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