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	YoLinux.com Manpage: sudo
		By default sudo will log via syslog(3) but this is changeable at configure time or via the sudoers file.
		This extends the sudo timeout for another 5 minutes (or whatever the timeout is set to in sudoers) but does not run a command.
		However, because sudo checks the ownership and mode of the directory and its contents, the only dam- age that can be done is to "hide" files by putting them in the timestamp dir.
	node1.yo-linux.com /cgi-bin/man2html?cgi_command=sudo (1898 words)

	LinuxQuestions.org Man Pages Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		By default, sudo requires that users authenticate themselves with a password (NOTE: by default this is the user's pass- word, not the root password).
		If a user who is not listed in the sudoers file tries to run a command via sudo, mail is sent to the proper authorities, as defined at config- ure time or the sudoers file (defaults to root).
		By default sudo will log via syslog(3) but this is changeable at configure time or via the sudo- ers file.
	man.linuxquestions.org /index.php?query=sudo§ion=0&type=2 (1840 words)

	Sudo Manual
		Otherwise, sudo requires that users authenticate themselves with a password by default (NOTE: in the default configuration this is the user's password, not the root password).
		Note that because the shell to use is determined before the sudoers file is parsed, a runas_default setting in sudoers will specify the user to run the shell as but will not affect which shell is actually run.
		Sudo is provided ``AS IS'' and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed.
	www.courtesan.com /sudo/man/sudo.html (2456 words)

	Linux4biz::SUDO Article
		sudo then demands a password and then it checks the configuration file (/etc/sudoers) to make sure you have "sudo" permission to run that command on that particular machine.
		When a user invokes sudo and enters their password, they are granted a ticket for 5 minutes (this time-out is configurable at compile-time).
		Sudo's configuration file, the sudoers file, is setup in such a way that the same sudoers file may be used on many machines.
	www.linux4biz.net /articles/sudo.html (614 words)

	Unix for Advanced Users - Advanced Commands and Usage - sudo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sudo operates on a per-command basis, and should not be perceived as a replacement for the shell or the su command.
		When a user invokes sudo and enters their password, they are granted a ticket for 5 minutes and each subsequent sudo command updates the ticket for another 5 minutes.
		You can then continue to sudo other commands without being asked for a password for a period of 5 minutes (after which you have to resupply the password).
	www.uwsg.iu.edu /UAU/advcomm/sudo.html (353 words)

	Sudo Change Log (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sudo should no longer complain that it can't get the cwd unless there is a real problem.
		Sudo was always complaining that root was not allowed to run sudo if the root_sudo flag was turned off.
		The environment is zeroed upon sudo startup and a new environment is built before the command is executed.
	sudo.rtin.bz /sudo/changes.html (9446 words)

	Psudo root! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Note: sudo issues a password prompt where the password to be entered is that of the user running sudo.
		The users should ideally do a "sudo -l" to see whether they are allowed to run any commands on the host to avoid ticking off their system administrator.
		The syntax of the sudoers file is extensively documented in the sudoers(5) man page, but it is quite confusing in the beginning.
	freeos.com /articles/3799 (912 words)

	man: sudo
		Otherwise, sudo requires that users authenticate themselves with a password by default (NOTE: in the default configura- tion this is the user's password, not the root password).
		If sudo is run by root and the SUDO_USER environment variable is set, sudo will use this value to determine who the actual user is. This can be used by a user to log commands through sudo even when a root shell has been invoked.
		Sudo is provided ``AS IS'' and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantabil- ity and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed.
	www.hmug.org /man/8/sudo.php (2453 words)

	Sudo Main Page
		Sudo (superuser do) allows a system administrator to give certain users (or groups of users) the ability to run some (or all) commands as root or another user while logging the commands and arguments.
		Please note: versions of Sudo prior to 1.6.8p9 contain a race condition that could allow a user with sudo privileges to run unauthorized commands (CVE 2005-1993).
		Sudo is also user-supported software--the author receives no funding from vendors who include it in their products.
	www.courtesan.com /sudo (159 words)

	Quick HOWTO: Adding Linux Users And Sudo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The sudo utility allows users defined in the /etc/sudoers configuration file to have temporary access to run commands they would not normally be able to due to file permission restrictions.
		The sudo -u entry allows allows you to execute a command as if you were another user, but first you have to be granted this privilege in the sudoers file.
		The sudoers file allows users to be grouped according to function with the group and then being assigned a nickname or alias which is used throughout the rest of the file.
	www.siliconvalleyccie.com /linux-hn/addusers.htm#_Toc92808558 (1891 words)

	Linux.com \| CLI Magic: sudo voodoo
		Sudo is a handy little tool that is of value to both system administrators and common folks like us.
		This tells sudo to invalidate your timestamp, so that you'll be prompted for a password the next time you use sudo.
		When using sudo, it will check to see if your username is in the /etc/sudoers file, or if you belong to a group that's in the /etc/sudoers file.
	enterprise.linux.com /enterprise/05/11/03/2229234.shtml?tid=89 (1019 words)

	ISS X-Force Database: sudo-sudoedit-view-files(17424): Sudo sudoedit view files (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sudo (superuser do) is a free utility, developed by Todd Miller, that is used to assign superuser privileges for specific commands.
		Sudo versions prior to 1.6.8p1 could allow a local attacker to obtain sensitive information, caused by vulnerability in the -u option (sudoedit).
		CVE-2004-1689: sudoedit (aka sudo -e) in sudo 1.6.8 opens a temporary file with root privileges, which allows local users to read arbitrary files via a symlink attack on the temporary file before quitting sudoedit.
	xforce.iss.net /xforce/xfdb/17424 (315 words)

	sudo vs. su \| TUX
		I believe a very significant use for sudo is to enable ordinary users to execute commands that normally require root privileges without knowing the root password.
		su is a hammer; sudo is a scr
		The point is: the issue sudo vs. su is silly, we are all mature and we can decide for ourselves what to use.
	new.tuxmagazine.com /node/1000148 (2706 words)

	Race condition in Sudo's pathname validation
		A race condition in Sudo's command pathname handling prior to Sudo version 1.6.8p9 that could allow a user with Sudo privileges to run arbitrary commands.
		When a user runs a command via Sudo, the inode and device numbers of the command are compared to those of commands with the same basename found in the
		The reason Sudo uses the inode for command matching is to make relative paths work and to avoid problems caused by automounters where the path to be executed is not the same as the absolute path to the command.
	www.sudo.ws /sudo/alerts/path_race.html (286 words)

	Installing sudo on Solaris
		sudo (Super User Do) is a very useful program that allows a system administrator to give certain users the ability to run some (or all) commands as root.
		sudo enables these scripts to be run with superuser privileges while logged in as an ordinary user.
		That line tells sudo that all users are allowed to execute the scripts /hangup and /dialup as if they were root.
	www.kempston.net /solaris/sudo.html (1151 words)

	P-037: Sudo Environment Cleaning Vulnerability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		An attacker with sudo access to a shell script that uses bash may run arbitrary commands.
		For each environment variables that matches, a function with the same name as the corresponding variable is created (with the function body filled in from the environment variable's value).
		A malicious user with sudo access to a shell script that uses bash can use this feature to substitute arbitrary commands for any non-fully qualified programs called from the script.
	www.ciac.org /ciac/bulletins/p-037.shtml (486 words)

	SUDAN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sudo – Sudan Social Development Organization – is an independent, nongovernmental, non-partisan and non-profit organization dedicated to the promotion and the protection of Human Rights, peace building and development.
		Registered according to the Humanitarian Aid commission Act on April 21, 2001, it is recognized as a non-governmental organization.
		Sudo is one of the national Sudanese organizations actively involved in Human Rights advocacy projects, peace building and provision of basic services needed for the affected and needy people wherever there are in the country.
	www.sudosudan.org (83 words)

	ISS X-Force Database: sudo-pathname-race-condition(21080): Sudo pathname race condition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sudo (superuser do) is a free utility used to assign superuser privileges for specific commands.
		Sudo versions 1.3.1 through 1.6.8p8 are vulnerable to a race condition caused by a vulnerability in the pathname validation.
		CVE-2005-1993: Race condition in sudo 1.3.1 up to 1.6.8p8, when the ALL pseudo-command is used after a user entry in the sudoers file, allows local users to gain privileges via a symlink attack.
	xforce.iss.net /xforce/xfdb/21080 (536 words)

	Using sudo
		Finally, setuid and sudo are NOT the same thing as the administrative roles of Unixware or the authorizations and privileges of SCO Openserver.
		Sudo commands can be logged, so we can keep track of what the person did.
		We can turn their sudo capability on or off at will without affecting other sudo users- no need to change the root password back and forth.
	aplawrence.com /Basics/sudo.html (2315 words)

	Technorati Tag: sudo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		‘sudo’ and ‘su’ April 10th, 2006 by nevali With the advent of Mac OS X and increased awareness of better administration practices, more and more...
		sudo on the remote side of an rsync
		I’ve run into a number of cases lately where it would have been really useful to be able to have scp connect to a remote server, then run sudo to act...
	www.technorati.com /tag/sudo (500 words)

	Configure IT Quick: Decentralize Linux security with Sudo
		The concept behind Sudo (derived from "superuser do") is quite genius in its simplicity: Allow specified users or groups to run root-level commands based on a central configuration file.
		Sudo also provides verbose logging of all commands and arguments so you can track its usage, which is extremely helpful in tracking problems created by misconfigurations and input error.
		You can obtain Sudo from a variety of locations, but you'll find the latest version here, as well as links to current source packages and different binaries.
	techrepublic.com.com /5100-1035_11-1031099.html?tag=hdi (965 words)

	LWN: Mandriva alert MDKSA-2005:234 (sudo)
		The proper response would be to use "env - sudo" or even use in scripts "#!/usr/bin/env - [interpreter]" instead of plain reference to interpreter.
		Main difference between "sudo" and "su -c" is that sudo preserves environment while "su -c" makes clean session.
		In that case it means instead of calling "sudo" to call something like "env - sudo" or to resort to "su -c".
	lwn.net /Articles/165162 (294 words)

	Define sudo - a Whatis.com definition
		Sudo (superuser do) is a utility for Unix- and Linux-based systems that provides an efficient way to give specific users permission to use specific system commands at the root (most powerful) level of the system.
		The sudo configuration file is easy to create and to refer to.
		The sudo site also provides an example that shows how readable a sudo configuration file is.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci214051,00.html (215 words)

	Fightnews.com: Ultimate Fighting Championship News
		In what has to rank among the all-time weirdest ìDavid and Goliathî match-ups in MMA history, Sudo used a heel hold to wrench a decisive victory from boxingís self-proclaimed ìKing of the Four Rounders.î
		ß On July 24 of last year, Sudo was a victim of an apparently random act of violence while driving his motorcycle in his native Tokyo, when an assailant, who had already attacked four other unsuspecting victims, stabbed him in the chest.
		After the fight, an impressive submission win, Sudo endeared himself to the crowd when he held up a United Nations flag with a message that proclaimed "We are all one."
	www.ufcfightnews.com /news0304/sudo.html (461 words)

	VMTN Discussion Forums: Sudo Installation ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		But it looks that there are several sudo related files available in /source folder.
		The link that I posted is an enhaced sudo (a little easier to use and manage sudo permissions.
		It will even audit the users sudo settings to see if any cleanup is necessary.
	www.vmware.com /community/thread.jspa?threadID=16635 (224 words)

	Gentoo Linux Documentation -- Gentoo Sudo(ers) Guide
		This syntax tells sudo that the user, identified by user and logged on through the system host can execute any of the commands listed in commands as the root user.
		You should know that sudo does not alter the ${PATH} variable: any command you place after sudo is treated from your environment.
		Once a password is entered, sudo remembers it for 5 minutes, allowing the user to focus on his tasks and not repeatedly re-entering his password.
	www.gentoo.org /doc/en/sudo-guide.xml (1521 words)

	macosxhints - Remove insecure root 'grace period' from sudo
		Another sudo config that is a good idea is redirecting sudo's logging.
		The above redirects sudo logs to /var/log/secure.log (rather than the default, /var/log/system.log), which can only be read using sudo/by root, as opposed to /var/log/system.log, which can be read (without sudo) by anyone in the admin group.
		Changing logging will ensure that if you don't set timestamp_timeout to 0, malicious applications can't monitor system.log to see when a sudo session is authenticated (to try and piggy-back onto it).
	www.macosxhints.com /article.php?story=20050519125822728 (985 words)

	Sudo: perl script subversion FC4 - Fedora - Xatrix Security
		Security Advisory info: Perl scripts run via Sudo can be subverted.
		Sudo (superuser do) allows a system administrator to give certain
		command, and the ability to use the same configuration file (sudoers)
	www.xatrix.org /advisory.php?s=7446 (167 words)

	sudo - LinuxQuestions.org
		sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified in the
		If a user who is not listed in the sudoers file tries to run a command via sudo, mail is sent to the
		By default sudo will log via syslog(3) but this is changeable at configure time or via the sudo-
	www.linuxquestions.org /questions/showthread.php?postid=626760 (441 words)

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