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Topic: Sukhothai kingdom

	Sukhothai kingdom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sukhothai kingdom was a kingdom in the north of Thailand around the city Sukhothai.
		The city of Sukhothai was part of the Khmer empire until 1238, when two Thai chieftains, Pho Khun Pha Muang and Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao, seceded and established a Thai kingdom.
		Sukhothai became a tributary state of Ayutthaya between 1365 and 1378, and in 1438 a mere province.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sukhothai_kingdom (513 words)

	Ayutthaya kingdom - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The kingdom of Ayutthaya was a Thai kingdom that existed from the 1350 to 1767.
		Over the next four centuries the kingdom expanded to become the nation of Siam, whose borders were roughly those of modern Thailand, except for the north, the Kingdom of Lannathai.
		The Thai kingdom was not a single, unified state but rather a patchwork of self-governing principalities and tributary provinces owing allegiance to the king of Ayutthaya under the mandala system.
	www.kernersville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Ayutthaya_kingdom (2977 words)

	wiki/Sukhothai kingdom Definition / wiki/Sukhothai kingdom Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Ayutthaya kingdom The kingdom of Ayutthaya was a Thai kingdom that existed from the 1350 to 1767.
		The Sukhothai kingdom was a kingdom in the north of ThailandThe Kingdom of Thailand is a country in southeast Asia, bordering Laos and Cambodia to the east, the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia to the south, and the Andaman Sea and Myanmar to the west.
		Sukhothai expanded by forming alliances with the other Thai kingdoms, adopting Theravada BuddhismBuddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama (Sanskrit; in Pāli, Siddhattha Gotama), who lived between approximately 563 and 483 BCE.
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/Sukhothai_kingdom (1984 words)

	sculpture & art local in Thailand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Although this kingdom of Sukhothai (translated as the Dawn Of Happiness) adjoined only a brief period of independent flowering-less than 200 years before it was absorbed in 1438 by the power of Ayutthaya of the central plains-it is regarded by the Thais as a Golden Age, the found of traditions still practiced today.
		Sukhothai and his regional towns reveal that although the Hindu beliefs of the banished Khmer were partially retained, it was the Buddhist faith that gave impetus to the new civilization.
		The kingdom was situated in the Menan (or Chao Phraya) basin, previously occupied by the Dvaravati kingdom and then by the Khmer, and was to the south of its political rival, Sukhothai.
	www.19art.netfirms.com /history.htm (3597 words)

	:: Thailand in Brief :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		During AD 257-857, before the Sukhothai Kingdom was established, a number of territories emerged along many important transport routes in the land which is now Thailand.
		The Si Wichai Kingdom established itself in the South; the Hariphunchai in the North became Chiang Saen, and later developed into Lanna; Dvaravati was located in the Central region in the Chao Phraya River basin and had its center in Nakhon Pathom.
		Sukhothai was governed in the style of "the Father of the Town," or paternal kingship, and was ruled by nine consecutive kings.
	www.prd.go.th /ebook/inbrief/history/history_01.html (752 words)

	Sukhothai Period Picture
		Sukhothai began life as a chiefdom under the sway of the Khmer empire: the oldest monuments in the city were built in the Khmer style or else show clear Khmer influence.
		Sukhothai's power and influence expanded in all directions by conquest [the Khmer were driven southwards], by a farsighted network of marriage alliances with the ruling families of other Thai states, and by the use of a common religion, Theravada Buddhism, to cement relations with other states.
		Sukhothai later attempted to break loose from Ayutthaya but with no real success, until in the 15th century it was incorporated into the Ayutthaya kingdom as a province.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Congress/7905/skpic.htm (1491 words)

	Bangkok Post Jul 27, 2000 - History's handiwork in Sukhothai In the shadow of the province's world-famous historical ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Sukhothai celadon used to be a popular household product, as did the Sangklalok ware that was exported from Sawan Khalok, the old name for Si Satchanalai city in the days of the Sukhothai kingdom.
		Sukhothai gold and silver ornaments are well known for their attractive designs based on the ancient patterns.
		Si Satchanalai is 60 km to the north, and is served by the hourly Sukhothai-Uttaradit bus.
	www.bangkokpost.net /horizons/270700_Horizons01.html (1784 words)

	Lanna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The kingdom was founded in 1259 by King Mengrai the Great, when he succeeded his father as the leader of the Chiang Saen kingdom.
		The kingdom quickly grew by unifying the many local Thai rulers of the area under his leadership, as well as by enlarging to the south by annexing the Mon kingdom of Haripunchai in 1292 - the area around the modern-day cities Lampang and Lamphun.
		The decline of the kingdom started in the early 16th century, and became worse after the death of King Phraya Kaeo in 1526.
	www.kernersville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Lanna (566 words)

	Kingdoms of South East Asia
		Their early kingdoms, Dvaravati and Haripunjaya, had ties with the ancient Cambodian kingdom of Funan and with China and were also strongly influenced by Khmer civilization.
		Sukhothai, in north-central Thailand is one of the country's earliest and most important historical settlements.
		Sukhothai is thought to have been abandoned in the late 15th or early 16th century.
	berclo.net /page00/00en-sea-history.html (5896 words)

	SMILE-A-DAY WORLD - AMAZING THAILAND - History of Thailand
		Within the walls of Sukhothai are the ruins of twenty wats (temples) and monuments, the greatest of which is Wat Mahathat.
		Under the rule of king Ramkamhaeng (Rama the Brave) the Sukhothai kingdom flourished and expanded as far as Nakhon Si Thammarat in the south, to the upper Maekhong River valley in Laos, and to Bago in Burma.
		Sukhothai's population followed and by 1438 Sukhothai was a deserted city.
	www.smile-a-day.com /making_of_a_nation.shtml (1637 words)

	The Ultimate New Sukhothai - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Sukhothai (thai สุโขทัย) is a small modern town about 427 km (267 miles) north of Bangkok on the River Yom, a tributary of the Chao Phraya River.
		The city is located 12 km to the east of the historic city of Sukhothai, which was the capital of the first Thai kingdom, usually called Sukhothai kingdom, hence the modern city is often called New Sukhothai.
		Sukhothai is the capital of the Sukhothai province.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/New_Sukhothai (92 words)

	Pailyn Sukhothai Hotel, Jarodvithithong, Sukhothai
		Sukhothai, the first capital of the Thai Nation and the cradle of Thai civilization for more than 700 years, now lies as a national Historical Park, 440 kms North of Bangkok.
		Sukhothai's magnificent palaces and temples were left to deteriorate and fell into ruins.
		The Pailyn Sukhothai Hotel is only 4 km from the famous Sukhothai Historical Park and 8 km from the town center.
	www.99venus.net /th/hotels/pailynsukhothai (362 words)

	Dawn of Happiness: Sukhothai -- ThingsAsian Article
		Sukhothai is to modern Thailand what Rome is to Italy, or Athens to Greece: starting point, golden age, departed glory.
		The old city of Sukhothai is partially enclosed by walls forming a rectangle measuring 2 km by 1.6 km.
		Prior to Sukhothai's liberation, the Khmer ruler exacted a tribute in the form of sacred water taken from a lake in present-day Lopburi.
	www.thingsasian.com /goto_article/article.1525.html (837 words)

	Traditional Thailand
		In 1238 a Tai chieftain declared his independence from the Khmer and established a kingdom at Sukhothai in the broad valley of the Mae Nam (river) Chao Phraya, at the center of modern Thailand.
		Sukhothai was succeeded in the fourteenth century by the kingdom of Ayutthaya.
		The Thai kingdom was not a single, unified state but rather a patchwork of self-governing principalities and tributary provinces owing allegiance to the king of Ayutthaya.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Thailand.html (4138 words)

	Sukhothai kingdom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The city of Sukhothai was part of the Khmer empire until 1238, when two Thai chieftains, Pho Khun Pha Muang and Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao, seceded and established aThai kingdom.
		Sukhothai expanded by forming alliances with the other Thai kingdoms, adopting Theravada Buddhism as the state religion with the help of Ceylonese monks.Intradit was succeeded by his son Pho Khun Ban Muang, who was followed in 1278 by hisbrother, Pho Khun Ramkhamhaeng.
		Later kings found their power being gradually eroded by the kingdoms of Lannathai to the north and Ayutthaya to thesouth.
	www.therfcc.org /sukhothai-kingdom-50702.html (320 words)

	Royalty-2
		Sukhothai saw the Thais' gradual expansion throughout the entire Chao Phraya River basin, the establishment of Theravada Buddhism as the paramount religion, the creation of the Thai alphabet and the first expression of nascent Thai art forms, including painting, sculpture, architecture and literature.
		Thus was born the Thai kingdom of Sukhothai in 1238.
		There was also relations between Sukhothai and Ceylon in the realm of religion and a number of Thai's entered the monkshood in Ceylon and brought back the countries sect of Buddhism.
	www.usmta.com /royalty-2.htm (996 words)

	Awesome Body Piercing Jewelry, Belly Button Ring, Belly Ring, Belly Button Piercing & Navel Piercing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		One settled down in the North and became the kingdom of "Lanna" and the other one is in further south, which afterward was defeated by the Khmers and became the kingdom of "Sukhothai".
		Sukhothai, meaning the ''Dawn of Happiness'' was the first truly independent Thai Kingdom founded in 1238, by two Thai chieftains, Khun Bang Klang Tao and Khun Pa Muang, this ending Khmer rule from Angkor Wat.
		Sukhothai saw the Thais’ gradual expansion throughout the entire Chao Phraya River basin and the establishment of Theravada Buddhism as the paramount Thai religion.
	www.siam-piercing.com /html/thailand/thailand-history.htm (3721 words)

	THE SIAM SOCIETY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		At present, the old town of Sukhothai, is situated in the province of Sukhothai, 12 km.
		The ruins of the ancient city of Si Satchanalai, one of the capitals of the Sukhothai kingdom, are situated in the present-day district of Si Satchanalai, Sukhothai province.
		The ruins of Si Satchanalai are picturesquely situated in park-like surroundings, with the Yom river to the northeast and hills to the west and north.
	www.siam-society.org /event/studydetail.asp?id=104 (608 words)

	History of Thailand
		An independent Thai kingdom was established in 1238 and lasted until 1376, when it was annexed by Ayuthaya.
		kingdom lasted from 1350 to 1767, when the city was conquered and destroyed by the invading Burmese.
		Contrary to the Sukhothai period, which was more egalitarian, the Ayudhaya kings were god-kings with absolute authority.
	www.thaiantiques.info /history.htm (814 words)

	Kingdom of Thailand : Sukhothai, Northern Region
		Sukhothai province is located in lower northern Thailand, some 427 kilometers north of Bangkok, and covers some 6,596 square kilometers.
		Sukhothai borders Phrae, Uttaradit, Tak, Lampang, Kamphaeng Phet and Phitsanulok.
		It is particularly picturesque amid the ruins of Sukhothai's Historical Park.
	www.kingdom-of-thailand.com /sukhothai.htm (964 words)

	Sukhothai Info
		From the middle of the 13th to the end of the 14th centuries the Sukhothai kingdom has been considered the 'Golden Age' of Thai civilisation.
		Between the 9th and 10th centuries Sukhothai was under Khmer sovereignty, which can be noted in the many Khmer style prangs located in the historical park.
		Si Satchanalai, the twin city of Sukhothai, lies 50 km to the north of Sukhothai.
	www.traveller2000.com /province/sukhothai (1189 words)

	The Kingdom of Sukhothai
		The Kingdom of Lanna of the Tai Yuan
		The City of Sukhothai was the administrative centre and was surrounded by neighbouring towns to form a defence.
		Sukhothai sent gifts and delegations to China to enhance relations for advantages in trade.Lan Chang [ Laos ] was a fellow Tai Kingdom and support against the ever threat of the Khmer Kingdom.
	www.thailandsworld.com /index.cfm?p=199 (608 words)

	Sukhothai history, settlement, city and people
		In the middle of the 13th century, two Thai princes in the Sukhothai area, Phor Khun Pha Muang of Muang Rad and Phor Khun Bang Klang Thao of Muang Banyang combined their forces and fought off the Khmers who commanded an extensive empire on the Indo-Chinese empire at that time.
		Images of Buddha sculptured during the Sukhothai era are cultural treasures which impart a feeling of peace and serenity.
		The end of this first Thai Kingdom came in 1365 when it was degraded into a vassal state of Ayutthaya, the young and rising power to the south.
	atthaitours.com /Sukhothai_history.html (590 words)

	Sukhothai - Kingdom of Thailand - Travel Pictures
		Sukhothai was founded in 1238 when a coalition of Thais booted from northern Thailand the Khmer, who ruled from Ankor Wat in present-day Siem Reap, Cambodia (the name means "flattened Thai soldier" and underscores the significant present-day Thai-Khmer tensions).
		The rule of Sukhothai lasted over 120 years until the 1300s and the rise of Ayutthaya, which ruled until sacked by the Burmese in 1765, prompting the capital to move to present-day Bangkok.
		Sukhothai is a UNESCO World Hertiage City, although I admit I have no idea what structures made it such.
	www.innogize.com /gallery/asia_th_sukhothai.html (618 words)

	THAI WORLD: MASTER OF THAI FOODS & ATTRACTIONS
		The golden age of Lanna was in the reign of Ku Na and Tilok.
		Sukhothai was established by King Sri Intrathit, a king of Phra Ruang Dynasty, who has declared independence from Khmer Empire
		Kingdom prospered and expanded widely, to Khong River in the east and Singapore in the south.The state, on the land of fertility, was governed by paternal and benevolent kings.
	www.thaiworld.co.th /HTML/Thailand/History/nancho.htm (290 words)

	Sukhothai -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Originally a provincial town within the Angkor-based Khmer empire, Sukhothai in the 13th century gained its independence and became established as the capital of the first united and independent Tai state in what is now...
		The kingdom of Sukhothai, situated in the upper Chao Phraya basin, was founded in the mid-13th century when a local Tai ruler led a revolt against Khmer rule at an outpost of the Khmer empire.
		Several kingdoms of the Mon flourished in the region from the 6th to 9th centuries AD.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9070211?tocId=9070211 (526 words)

	The Sukhothai Administration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Kingdom was bounded by Lamphun to the north, by Dong Pyha Yen Mountain Range and Panomdongrak Mountain to the northeast, by Hongsawadee to the west and by the Malaya Peninsula to the south.
		The Kingdom remained independent throughout the reign of 6 kings, then reached its nadir and was finally annexed to Ayutthaya Kingdom in the reign of Phya Sai Leu Thai who lost a battle to King Boromracha the First in 1378.
		Kings of the early Sukhothai period often called themselves Father King (Po-Khun) until it changed to Phya due to Cambodian influence which ended the father and son relationship between the King and his people and turned the relationship into one of master and slave.
	www.dopa.go.th /English/history/suk.htm (532 words)

	The Ultimate Sukhothai Province - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Sukhothai (Thai สุโขทัย) is one of the northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand.
		Sukhothai is located in the valley of the Yom river.
		The province is most famous for the historic city of Sukhothai, the capital of the Sukhothai kingdom.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Sukhothai_province (199 words)

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