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Topic: Sulfonylurea

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	Sulfonylurea definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Sulfonylurea: A class of oral hypoglycemic agents (pills and capsules taken to lower the level of blood glucose) by people with type 2 diabetes.
		The main difference between the first- and second-generation sulfonylureas is in the way they are eliminated from the body.
		As a consequence, second-generation sulfonylureas are usually taken less frequently each day than first-generation sulfonylureas and generally are preferred when there is poor function of the kidneys.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18045 (194 words)

	Sulfonylurea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sulfonylurea derivatives are a class of antidiabetic drugs that are used in the management of diabetes mellitus type 2 ("adult-onset").
		Although for many years sulfonylureas were the first drugs to be used in new cases of diabetes, in the 1990s it was discovered that obese patients might benefit more from metformin.
		Sulfonylureas were discovered by the chemist Marcel Janbon and co-workers, who were studying sulfonamide antibiotics and discovered that the compound sulfonylurea induced hypoglycemia in animals (see also Patlak 2002).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sulfonylurea (669 words)

	Midcontinent Agricultural Chemical Research Project - Sulfonylurea, Sulfonamide, Imidazolinone, and Other Pesticides
		Sulfonylurea (SU), sulfonamide (SA), and imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides are relatively new classes of chemical compounds that function by inhibiting the action of a plant enzyme and stopping plant growth.
		Sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, and imidazolinone herbicide concentrations, and percent detections at or above the MRL (0.01 ug/L) in 8 reservoir outflow samples.
		Sulfonylurea, sulfonamide, and imidazolinone herbicide concentrations, and percent detections at or above the MRL (0.01 ug/L) in 25 ground-water samples.
	co.water.usgs.gov /midconherb/html/sulfonylurea.html (816 words)

	Sulfonylureas for type 2 diabetes
		Sulfonylurea medications are prescribed when changes in diet, weight loss, and exercise do not keep the blood sugar level within a safe range.
		Sulfonylurea medications are broken down by the liver and pass out of the body through urine produced in the kidneys.
		Sulfonylurea medications work rapidly to control elevated blood sugar levels; they often are the first medication selected to treat people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
	www.webmd.com /hw/diabetes_1_2/hw133513.asp (714 words)

	Drug Information: Antidiabetic Agents, Sulfonylurea (Systemic) (Print Version)
		Sulfonylurea antidiabetic agents (also known as sulfonylureas) are used to treat a certain type of diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes) called type 2 diabetes.
		To work properly, the amount of sulfonylurea you use must be balanced against the amount and type of food you eat and the amount of exercise you do.
		Sometimes you may need to be switched from your sulfonylurea to insulin for a short period of time while you are sick to properly control blood sugar.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/print/druginfo/uspdi/202742.html (4868 words)

	Risks of sulfonylurea drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Sulfonylurea drugs, used in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus to lower blood sugar levels, have been suspected since the 1970s of increasing cardiovascular mortality as well.
		Professor David Bell of the University of Alabama comments on the study, pointing out that the mechanism of action of sulfonylurea drugs can affect heart muscle and by this pathway may be responsible for the excess deaths.
		He recommends that sulfonylureas, still a popular first choice for treating diabetes mellitus, be used only as a third choice when considering oral treatment agents.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-01/cmaj-ros011306.php (239 words)

	RedOrbit - Health - Kinetics-Effect Relations of Insulin-Releasing Drugs in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Brief ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Sulfonylurea binding to SUR induces closure of the K+ ion channels, thereby preventing efflux of K+ ions from the β-cell cytoplasm.
		While the principal mechanism of action thus appears similar for all therapeutically used sulfonylureas and glinides, there may nevertheless be prominent effect differences in relation to insulin and glucose levels due to pharmacokinetic differences (i.e., in receptor affinity and in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the different compounds).
		Some sulfonylureas have active metabolites (e.g., glyburide) whose two-polar, hydroxylated metabolites are active in humans, and like chlorpropamide, may accumulate in subjects with renal impairment, thus adding to the duration of action of this drug (17,18).
	www.redorbit.com /news/display?id=121213 (3407 words)

	Sulfonylurea-glitazone combinations for diabetes - Patent 5859037 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Most of the sulfonylurea antidiabetics are defined by the formula ##STR1## where A is hydrogen, halo, or an organic radical such as alkyl, alkanoyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, and cycloalkyl, and B is alkyl, cycloalkyl, and a heterocyclic group such as hexahydroazepine.
		Preferred sulfonylureas to be employed are those wherein A is chloro, alkyl such as methyl, or alkyl substituted with aryl carbonyl or aryl carboxamido, for instance 3-chloro-5-methoxybenzoylethyl or 5-methyl-2-pyrazinylcarbonylaminoethyl.
		Especially preferred sulfonylureas to be employed in the combinations of this invention are glyburide, gliquidone, glipizide, tolbutamide, tolazamide, glisoxepid, chlorpropamide, glibornuride, gliclazide, glimepiride, phenbutamide, and tolcyclamide.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5859037.html (8369 words)

	p990915a - Myocardial Infarction, Diabetes, Sulfonylurea Drugs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Whether sulfonylurea drugs affect outcome adversely in diabetic patients undergoing direct angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction is unknown.
		CONCLUSIONS: Sulfonylurea drug use is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among diabetic patients undergoing coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.
		For surviving patients sulfonylurea drug use is not associated with an increased risk of serious late adverse events.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch99/p990915a.html (313 words)

	[No title]
		Sulfonylurea drugs have been prescribed to people with type-2 diabetes for decades.
		Sulfonylurea drugs, used for decades as a mainstay diabetes treatment, appear to be increasing the risk of cardiovascular death in patients.
		If you or someone you know has type-2 diabetes and may be taking sulfonylurea drugs, please forward this article to them, and consider talking to your physician about alternatives.
	www.sixwise.com /newsletters/06/03/29/sulfonylurea-drugs.htm (782 words)

	Diabetes Monitor - sulfonylureas
		Sulfonylureas are well-established as part of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
		There is no data to suggest that using more than one SU at the same time is of any greater benefit than using one.
		The sulfonylureas can cause the blood sugar level to go below normal (hypoglycemia), and therefore are sometimes called "hypoglycemic" drugs.
	www.diabetesmonitor.com /su.htm (346 words)

	eMedicine - Toxicity, Oral Hypoglycemic Agents : Article by David Tran, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Sulfonylureas bind to receptors that are associated with potassium channels sensitive to adenosine triphosphate in beta-cell membrane.
		Sulfonylureas also may cause the decrease of serum glucagon and potentiate the action of insulin at the extrapancreatic tissues.
		A child in whom ingestion of any first-generation sulfonylurea (eg, chlorpropamide, acetohexamide, tolbutamide, tolazamide) is suspected should be admitted to the pediatric ward for at least 24 hours of observation, regardless of initial symptoms.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2718.htm (2924 words)

	Do sulfonylurea drugs increase the risk of cardiac events? -- Bell 174 (2): 185 -- Canadian Medical Association Journal
		Dose– response relation between sulfonylurea drugs and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based cohort study.
		Sulfonylurea drugs increase early mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus after direct angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.
		Sulfonylureas attenuate electrocardiographic ST-segment elevation during an acute myocardial infarction in diabetics.
	www.cmaj.ca /cgi/content/full/174/2/185 (1144 words)

	Is impairment of ischaemic preconditioning by sulfonylurea drugs clinically important? -- Meier et al. 90 (1): 9 -- ...
		a reduction in ischaemic preconditioning by the sulfonylurea
		Sulfonylureas and ischaemic preconditioning; a double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of glimepiride and glibenclamide.
		Sulfonylureas are not associated with increased mortality in diabetics treated with thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction.
	heart.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/90/1/9 (2606 words)

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