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Topic: Sulfur dioxide

	ATSDR - MMG: Sulfur Dioxide
		Sulfur dioxide gas is released primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels (75% to 85% of the industrial sources), the smelting of sulfide ores, volcanic emissions, and several other natural sources.
		Sulfur dioxide poisoning is not known to pose additional risk during the use of bronchial or cardiac sensitizing agents.
		Sulfur dioxide is a severe irritant to the respiratory tract, eyes, mucous membranes, and skin.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /MHMI/mmg116.html (4569 words)

	sulfur dioxide - Encyclopedia.com
		SO Sulfur dioxide is used in bleaching and in chemical manufacture and as a refrigerant and a food preservative, e.g., for fumigating fruit.
		It may be produced by reaction of sulfur with oxygen, e.g., by burning sulfur in air, and it is often produced during the roasting of sulfide ores, e.g., in zinc smelting.
		Sulfur dioxide is a dangerous air pollutant because of its corrosive properties; it irritates the eyes, nose, and lungs.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-sulfurdi.html (1235 words)

	Sulfur - MSN Encarta
		Sulfur dioxide is released into the atmosphere in the combustion of fossil fuels, such as gas, petroleum, and coal, and constitutes one of the most troublesome air pollutants.
		The concentration of sulfur dioxide in air may range from 0.01 to several parts per million, and it may be responsible for the decay of buildings and monuments, for acid rain, and for human discomfort and disability.
		The roll sulfur may be further purified through distillation, the vapor being passed into a large brick chamber in which it condenses on the walls as a fine powder called flowers of sulfur.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761560154/Sulfur.html (1059 words)

	Sulfur dioxide removal process - Patent 4216189
		Sulfur dioxide is a recognized pollutant of the atmosphere and is produced by oxidation of sulfur or sulfur-bearing materials.
		Sulfur dioxide is found in significant amounts as a constituent of various waste gases such as smelter gases, off-gases from chemical plants, and stack or furnace gases from coal or oil-burning furnaces such as are used in electric power plants.
		In the sulfur dioxide desorption stage of the method of this invention the spent absorption medium is subjected to elevated temperatures to convert sodium bisulfite into sodium sulfite with the concomitant formation of a vapor phase containing sulfur dioxide and water.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4216189.html (5159 words)

	sulfur dioxide. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Sulfur dioxide is used in bleaching and in chemical manufacture and as a refrigerant and a food preservative, e.g., for fumigating fruit.
		It may be produced by reaction of sulfur with oxygen, e.g., by burning sulfur in air, and it is often produced during the roasting of sulfide ores, e.g., in zinc smelting.
		Sulfur dioxide is a dangerous air pollutant because of its corrosive properties; it irritates the eyes, nose, and lungs.
	www.bartleby.com /65/su/sulfurdi.html (212 words)

	AllRefer.com - sulfur dioxide, Compound & Element (Compounds And Elements) - Encyclopedia
		Sulfur dioxide is used in bleaching and in chemical manufacture and as a refrigerant and a food preservative, e.g., for fumigating fruit.
		It may be produced by reaction of sulfur with oxygen, e.g., by burning sulfur in air, and it is often produced during the roasting of sulfide ores, e.g., in zinc smelting.
		Sulfur dioxide is a dangerous air pollutant because of its corrosive properties; it irritates the eyes, nose, and lungs.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/sulfurdi.html (275 words)

	BEAM Sulfur Dioxide Fact Sheet, Maine Department of Environmental Protection
		Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the major causes of acid rain, which is associated with the acidification of soils, lakes, and streams, accelerated corrosion of buildings and monuments, and reduced visibility.
		Sulfur dioxide also is a major cause of fine particulate pollution, which is a significant health concern as well as a pollutant that reduces visibility.
		Short-term exposure of asthmatic individuals to elevated sulfur dioxide levels during moderate exercise may result in impaired breathing that may be accompanied by such symptoms as wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath.
	www.maine.gov /dep/air/beam/factsheets/sulfurdioxide_fs.htm (471 words)

	Sulfur Dioxide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sulfur dioxide emissions from the burning of coal and oil react with water and oxygen in the air to form sulfate aerosols; acidic compounds that fall to the Earth in the form of acid rain.
		Sulfur dioxide emissions from the burning of coal and oil react with water and oxygen in the air to form sulfate aerosols — acidic compounds that fall to the Earth in the form of acid rain, wreaking havoc on the world’s forests and streams.
		Take away the sulfur dioxide — a gas that doesn’t stray too far from its source of emission — and all of a sudden something that used to mitigate the effects of carbon dioxide is lost, resulting in regional warming.
	healthandenergy.com /sulfur_dioxide.htm (472 words)

	Tramfloc, Inc. - SULFUR DIOXIDE AND ITS PROPERTIES
		Sulfur dioxide is commercially produced by heating of sulfur, sulfur-bearing ores, or by the recovering of stack gases to meet clean air requirements.
		Sulfur dioxide is stored and transported in tank cars and cylinders as a liquid under pressure, and is classified by the Department of Transportation (DOT) as a non-flammable compressed gas that must be stored or shipped in DOT specification containers.
		In liquid systems, the sulfur dioxide is withdrawn from the bottom of the storage tank, either by a connection located at the bottom of the tank or by a connection at the top of the tank joined to a dip tube located within the tank.
	www.tramfloc.com /tf88.html (1550 words)

	Sulfur Properties and Compounds - Known to the ancients (in Genesis it is called brimstone) Occurrence, properties, and ...
		In most cases sulfur is separated from other gases as hydrogen sulfide and then converted to elemental sulfur by the Claus process, which involves the partial burning of hydrogen sulfide to sulfur dioxide, with subsequent reaction between the two to yield sulfur.
		Pure sulfur is a tasteless, odourless, brittle solid that is pale yellow in colour, a poor conductor of electricity, and insoluble in water.
		Rhombic sulfur, which is stable at room temperature, includes the common roll sulfur (or brimstone) flowers of sulfur (a finely divided form obtained by sublimation of vapour directly to a solid upon cooling), and much natural sulfur.
	www.c-f-c.com /gaslink/docs/sulfur.htm (1247 words)

	Sulfonation of anthraquinone in sulfur dioxide solvent - Patent 4124606
		If the sulfur dioxide is initially in liquid form, as is preferred, and the reaction vessel is closed, sufficient pressure will be attained by heating the reaction vessel to the desired reaction temperature to maintain the sulfur dioxide solvent predominately as a liquid.
		Sulfur bound to water as sulfuric acid may be disregarded such that only the excess sulfur trioxide in oleum is reactive.
		After all the sulfur dioxide was charged, the feedtank was warmed to room temperature and the liquid sulfur dioxide was pumped to the sealed reactor by means of a Lapp pump.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4124606.html (4571 words)

	EARTHWORKS - Sulfur Dioxide
		Sulfur dioxide is formed during the combustion of fossil fuels that contain sulfur, such as oil, natural gas, and coal.
		Sulfur dioxide reacts with other chemicals to form particulate pollution, which can damage lungs and cause respiratory illness, heart conditions, and premature death.
		Sulfur dioxide has a pungent odor and irritates membranes in the nose and in the respiratory system.
	www.earthworksaction.org /SulfurDioxide.cfm (156 words)

	Chemical Properties of Sulfur Dioxide
		Sulfur dioxide gas is added to the beaker and the top of the beaker is sealed with a rubber dam.
		Sulfur dioxide is a good bleaching agent and is used for that purpose industrially.
		Sulfur dioxide is generated on a large scale by combustion of sulfur in coal at electric power plants and other industrial sites.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /JCESoft/CCA/CCA3/MAIN/SO2PROP/PAGE1.HTM (630 words)

	Sulfur Dioxide [SO2] - Properties, Purity and Packaging - Sulfur Dioxide - SO2 - A colorless, nonflammable and ...
		The use of sulfur dioxide are many, some of which are: preservative for beer, wine, and meats; in the manufacture of sulfite and hydrogen sulfites, solvent extraction and as a refrigerant in the ice industry.
		Sulfur dioxide is a heavy, colourless, poisonous gas with a pungent, irritating odour familiar as the smell of a just-struck match.
		Large quantities of sulfur dioxide are formed in the combustion of sulfur-containing fuels; in the second half of the 20th century, measures to control atmospheric pollution by this compound were widely adopted.
	www.c-f-c.com /specgas_products/so2.htm (349 words)

	Sulfur Dioxide and Some Sulfites, Bisulfites and Metabisulfites (IARC Summary & Evaluation, Volume 54, 1992)
		Sulfur dioxide is produced commercially by burning sulfur or various sulfides or by recovering it from flue gases or non-ferrous metal smelting gases.
		Sulfur dioxide was tested for enhancement of carcinogenicity when administered with benzo[a]pyrene in two studies in rats and in one study in hamsters.
		Sulfur dioxide and its aqueous forms did not induce sister chromatid exchange, chromosomal aberrations or micronucleus formation in bone marrow of mice or Chinese hamsters.
	www.inchem.org /documents/iarc/vol54/02-sulfur-dioxide.html (873 words)

	Tradable Emissions
		Sulfur dioxide is deposited into the air mainly by fossil fuel-burning electric power plants and is a major contributor to the problem of acid rain.
		Sulfur dioxide emissions were regulated in a fairly homogeneous economic environment; carbon dioxide must be regulated across nations that have different levels of industrial development and varying amounts of emissions.
		Sulfur dioxide sources are limited and identifiable; carbon dioxide has a variety of sources as well as offsetting sources of mitigation.
	www.house.gov /jec/cost-gov/regs/cost/emission.htm (3474 words)

	Sniffing Out Sulfur Dioxide, Alaska Science Forum
		The scientists' interest in sulfur dioxide, a colorless gas released when fossil fuels burn, may have been born in the late 1970's with the discovery of acid rain.
		Sulfuric acid, which forms when sulfur dioxide mixes with moisture, was blamed in part for the acidification and subsequent death of may trout ponds in the northeastern United States and Canada.
		Sulfur dioxide is tough to measure in small quantities, which inspired NSF to bring the heavyweights together.
	www.gi.alaska.edu /ScienceForum/ASF12/1212.html (711 words)

	Sulfur Dioxide-1997 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This map depicts sulfur dioxide emissions by county in 1997.
		Sulfur dioxide gases are formed when fuel containing sulfur (mainly coal and oil) is burned, and during metal smelting and other industrial facilities.
		Finally, sulfur dioxides can accelerate the corrosion of natural and man-made material (e.g., concrete and limestone) which are used in buildings and monuments.
	www.unl.edu /nac/conservation/atlas/Map_Html/Air_Quality/National/Sulfur_Dioxide/Sulfur_Dioxide.htm (162 words)

	sulfur
		Sulfur is a component of fl gunpowder, and is used in the vulcanization of natural rubber and a fungicide.
		The greatest sulfur hazard is encountered in the traditional extraction of sulfur bearing rock, since the inhalation of the high concentrations of sulfur dust encountered in sulfur mines may have harmful effects on the respiratory system.
		Sulfur reaches local water courses, in limited amounts by dusting of solid sulfur (state form) during transportation and handling at ports; runnoff from storage areas; and accidental spills.
	www.speclab.com /elements/sulfur.htm (1569 words)

	Sulfur oxides - Sulfur dioxide and Sulfur trioxide
		Sulfur oxides - Sulfur dioxide (SO) and Sulfur trioxide (SO Here are four different ways chemists use to show a molecule of sulfur dioxide.
		Sulfur dioxide (SO) and sulfur trioxide (SO) are two kinds of chemicals.
		Sulfur dioxide gets together with water droplets in the air to make sulfuric acid.
	www.windows.ucar.edu /tour/link=/physical_science/chemistry/sulfur_oxides.html (299 words)

	BEAM Sulfur Dioxide Fact Sheet, Maine Department of Environmental Protection
		Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the major causes of acid rain, which is associated with the acidification of soils, lakes, and streams, accelerated corrosion of buildings and monuments, and reduced visibility.
		Sulfur dioxide also is a major cause of fine particulate pollution, which is a significant health concern as well as a pollutant that reduces visibility.
		Short-term exposure of asthmatic individuals to elevated sulfur dioxide levels during moderate exercise may result in impaired breathing that may be accompanied by such symptoms as wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath.
	www.state.me.us /dep/air/beam/factsheets/sulfurdioxide_fs.htm (471 words)

	Sulfur Dioxide
		Sulfur oxides are formed when fuel containing sulfur, such as coal or oil, is burned, and when gasoline is extracted from oil, or metals are extracted from ore. Some sources are:
		Sulfur dioxide tends to have more toxic effects when acidic pollutants, liquid or solid aerosols, and particulates are also present.
		Particulate sulfate, much of which is derived from sulfur dioxide emissions, is a major component of the complex total suspended particulate mixture.
	www.hcdoes.org /airquality/Monitoring/SO2.htm (632 words)

	[No title]
		The compound sulfur hexafluoride is chemically unreactive due primarily to steric hindrance and is used as an electrical insulator.
		Sulfur dichloride is a fuming orange liquid and is made by further chlorinaton of disulfur dichloride.
		Sulfur reacts with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide, with fluorine to form sulfur hexafluoride, with chlorine to produce sulfur dichloride and disulfur dichloride, with metals such as zinc and magnesium to form sulfides, and with hydrogen to form hydrogen sulfide.
	www.uncp.edu /home/mcclurem/ptable/sulfur/s.htm (873 words)

	[No title]
		Sulfur and its compounds are important elements of industrial processes.
		Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a bleaching agent and is used to bleach wood pulp for paper and fiber for various textiles such as wool, silk, or linen.
		Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) is a colourless gas at room temperature and has a pungent odour.
	www.lycos.com /info/sulfur--sulfur-dioxide.html (461 words)

	Sulfur Dioxide (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sulfur dioxide is sometimes used as a preservative in alcoholic drinks, or dried apricots and other dried fruits.
		Sulfur dioxide is also used to make sulfuric acid, being converted to sulfur trioxide, and then to oleum, which is made into sulfuric acid.
		In this case, sulfur from the ground is vaporized either in volcanic explosions or the heating of geothermal events and deposited in the atmosphere.
	www.personal.psu.edu /students/j/d/jdf202 (1052 words)

	ATSDR - ToxFAQs™: Sulfur Dioxide
		Sulfur dioxide is a colorless gas with a pungent odor.
		Sulfur dioxide in the air comes mainly from activities such as the burning of coal and oil at power plants or from copper smelting.
		Children who live in or near heavily industrialized areas where sulfur dioxide occurs may experience difficulty breathing, changes in the ability to breathe deeply, and burning of the nose and throat It is not known whether children are more vulnerable to these effects than adults.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /tfacts116.html (1092 words)

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