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Topic: Sulphate

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Copper sulfate

Magnesium sulfate

	Copper Sulphate Importers
		We are in urgent requirement of Copper sulphate industrial grade.
		Copper Sulphate, Chromic Acid, Sodium Dichromate, Acetic Acid Diluted
		Sodium Molybdate Copper sulphate Potasium Nitrate Solphate of Ammonia Soluable Nitrogen
	importer.alibaba.com /buyeroffers/Copper_Sulphate.html (837 words)

	CBD-136. Concrete in Sulphate Environments - NRC-IRC
		The sulphate concentration in sea water (in soluble, available form) is extremely high and is of the order of concentration that has proved to be damaging to concrete in groundwater.
		It has been demonstrated that sulphate attack on concrete results from a chemical reaction between the sulphate ion and hydrated calcium aluminate and/or the calcium hydroxide components of hardened cement paste in the presence of water.
		Soils should be analysed for total sulphate by extraction with hot, dilute hydrochloric acid, and for water-soluble sulphate by extraction based on a weight of water equal to the weight of the soil sample.
	irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca /pubs/cbd/cbd136_e.html (2377 words)

	Ambient Water Quality Guidelines For Sulphate
		Sulphates are discharged into the aquatic environment in wastes from industries that use sulphates and sulphuric acid, such as mining and smelting operations, kraft pulp and paper mills, textile mills and tanneries.
		Sulphates are also released during blasting and the deposition of waste rock in dumps at metal mines.
		Seasonal fluctuations in dissolved sulphate concentrations are obvious in most rivers, with low concentrations during freshet and elevated concentrations during the low winter flow periods as shown for the Bear River at Stewart BC (Figure 1).
	www.env.gov.bc.ca /wat/wq/BCguidelines/sulphate/sulphate-02.htm (470 words)

	Data Sheet
		Protamine sulphate is used to counteract the anticoagulant effect of heparin: before surgery; after renal dialysis; after open-heart surgery; if excessive bleeding occurs and when an overdose has inadvertently been given.
		The longer half-life of LMW heparins (approximately twice that of UF heparin) should also be borne in mind when estimating the dose of protamine sulphate required in relation to the time which has elapsed since the last heparin dose.
		Protamine sulphate is not suitable for reversing the effects of oral anticoagulants.
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /Profs/Datasheet/p/Protaminesulphateinj.htm (937 words)

	MAGNESIUM SULPHATE
		The question whether magnesium sulphate reduces the risk of eclampsia in women with pre-eclampsia and its benefits was at last answered by MAGPIE TRIAL conducted by Royal college of Gynaecology, which concludes that Magnesium sulphate reduces the risk of eclampsia, and it is likely that it also reduces the risk of maternal death.
		Magnesium sulphate is not a benign drug it is associated with complications and although most studies have shown that it does not increase the duration of labour,maternal blood loss or caesarean delivery rate, it does change intrapartum and postpartum care and does affect many maternal and fetal parameter.
		Thus the dose of magnesium sulphate and duration of therapy should be further evaluated according to the individual and geographical differences, as it is quite plausible that higher dose will increase the hazards (such as respiratory arrest without any increase in the benefits associated with the use of magnesium sulphate.
	www.ayubmed.edu.pk /JAMC/PAST/16-2/Shehla.htm (2816 words)

	Applications: Copper Compounds - Copper Sulphate's Role in Agriculture
		In preparing Bordeaux mixture, the copper sulphate is dissolved in half the required amount of water in a wooden or plastic vessel.
		Other methods include drenching periodically with a copper sulphate solution; incorporating copper sulphate in salt and other animal licks; or by what is probably the most general method, incorporating copper sulphate along with other minerals and vitamins in the form of carefully blended supplements in the feeding stuffs.
		All likely habitats of the liver fluke snail should be treated with copper sulphate at the rate of 25 kg to the hectare at least twice a year in June and August (northern hemisphere) or December and February (southern hemisphere).
	www.copper.org /applications/compounds/copper_sulfate02.html (1050 words)

	glucosamine \| chondroitin sulphate supplements \| joint cartilage pain?
		Glucosamine and chondroitin (chondroitin sulphate) supplements have grown in popularity with athletes, because the two compounds are thought to soothe painful joints and decrease the risk of osteoarthritis.
		Chondroitin sulphate is a 'glycosaminoglycan' (basically, a compound which contains an amino acid attached to a chain of carbohydrate) and is a key component of cartilage.
		Both glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate are manufactured readily by the human body, so the basic strategy underlying supplementation is to magnify the body's basic levels of the two compounds.
	www.sportsinjurybulletin.com /archive/1062-glucosamine.htm (1774 words)

	Sulphate
		Aluminum sulphate (alum) is used as a sedimentation agent in the treatment of drinking water, and copper sulphate has been used for the control of blue-green algae in both raw water and public water supplies in the United States.
		Sulphate levels in Canadian lakes typically range from 3 to 30 mg/L. Recent data from Ontario show similar levels in small lakes (12.7 ± 11.3 mg/L); sulphate concentrations were 7.6 mg/L in Lake Superior at Thunder Bay and 19 mg/L in Lake Huron at Goderich.
		Sulphate in aqueous solutions may be determined by ion chromatography using a conductivity detector; the detection limit for this method is about 0.05 mg/L. Because sulphate is highly soluble and relatively stable in water, it cannot be effectively removed using conventional water treatment processes.
	www.hc-sc.gc.ca /ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/doc_sup-appui/sulphate-sulfates/index_e.html (3115 words)

	Pilot-scale biological sulphate and nitrate removal utilizing producer gas as energy source
		The discharge of effluents rich in sulphate and nitrate is of increasing concern, as the former leads to mineralisation of surface water, and the latter is a plant nutrient.
		Discharging industrial effluents containing high sulphate concentrations into surface waters contributes directly to mineralization and corrosion potential of the receiving waters, while nitrate contributes to eutrophication and is toxic to infants and toddlers.
		Sulphate originates from the use of sulphuric acid in manufacturing, chemical and metallurgical processes, or from the oxidation of pyritic material in ore bodies under natural conditions.
	www.cepis.org.pe /muwww/fulltext/repind54/pilot/pilot.html (3488 words)

	Glucosamine Sulphate Studies
		Efficacy and tolerance of a new preparation of pure glucosamine sulphate, in injectable and oral form, were investigated in 30 patients with osteoarthrosis.
		It is suggested that parenteral and/or oral treatment with pure glucosamine sulphate should be considered as basic therapy for the management of primary or secondary degenerative osteoarthrosis disorders.
		The efficacy and tolerance of oral glucosamine sulphate were tested against placebo in a prospective double-blind trial in 20 out-patients with established osteoarthrosis.
	www.ncschiropractic.com /gstrials.htm (2035 words)

	Applications: Copper Compounds - Copper Sulphate
		Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, Cu S04 5 H20, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts.
		Copper sulphate is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of uses in industry as it has in agriculture.
		The metal industry uses large quantities of copper sulphate as an electrolyte in copper refining, for copper coating steel wire prior to wire drawing and in various copper plating processes.
	www.copper.org /applications/compounds/copper_sulfate01.html (565 words)

	Vincristine Sulphate 1mg/ml Injection. , SPC from the eMC
		Vincristine Sulphate Injection may be injected into the tubing or side arm of a free-flowing intravenous infusion or directly into a vein over a one-minute period.
		For safety reasons when administering Vincristine Sulphate Injection into a side arm of a fast running infusion, please ensure that pressure is maintained on the syringe plunger during administration, to avoid back pressure from the infusion forcing the plunger out of the syringe barrel.
		When vincristine sulphate is used in combination with L-asparaginase, it should be given 12 to 24 hours before administration of the enzyme in order to minimise toxicity, since administering L-asparaginase first may reduce hepatic clearance of vincristine.
	emc.medicines.org.uk /emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?DocumentID=7298 (3446 words)

	InterPro: IPR011547 Sulphate transporter
		A number of proteins involved in the transport of sulphate across a membrane as well as some yet uncharacterised proteins have been shown [ 1, 2 ] to be evolutionary related.
		Sulphate transporters 1, 2 and 3 from the legume Stylosanthes hamata.
		Examples include glycosylation, phosphorylation, and sulphation, splicing etc. The process of modification may be permanent or reversible and the process may be required for functional activation or deactivation.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR011547 (2939 words)

	Chondroitin sulphate
		The difference between chontroitin sulphate and dermatan sulphate is the epimerisation of glucuronic acid to iduronic acid.
		Chondroitin sulphate A is the alternative name for chondroitin 6-sulphate i.e chondroitin sulphate which is sulphated on the C6 position of the GlcNAc.
		Chondroitin sulphate C is the alternative name for chondroitin 4-sulphate i.e CS which is sulphated on the C4 position of the GlcNAc.
	bssv01.lancs.ac.uk /gig/pages/gag/cspages.htm (375 words)

	Sulphate investigation survey building structural engineers report surveyor
		Sulphate attack on ground floor slabs is a very serious problem which can cause structural damage to the main walls of a building.
		It should be noted that there are other sources of sulphates in hardcore, and there are other causes of heave to ground floor slabs, all of which must be understood and considered as possibilities when investigating such problems.
		A sulphate report also includes observations on any movement, cracking or distortion to the external walls around damp proof course level, the internal ground floor walls (which may be built off the slab) and the slab itself.
	www.surveyorsreports.co.uk /sulphate_survey_report.htm (632 words)

	Zinc sulphate (UK PID)
		Ocular exposure Zinc sulphate (0.25 per cent solution) is used as an astringent in eye drops for the treatment of excessive lacrimation.
		Ingestion Gastrointestinal toxicity Zinc sulphate is a gastrointestinal irritant.
		Neurotoxicity A premature infant with zinc deficiency was inadvertently given excess zinc sulphate supplements (the route of administration, dose and duration of therapy were not stated).
	www.intox.org /databank/documents/chemical/zincsulf/ukpid88.htm (5039 words)

	Chondroitin sulphate for osteoarthritis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Chondroitin sulphate given orally was found to be effective in reducing pain, improving function, and reducing NSAID and analgesic consumption in seven randomised double-blind trials involving 702 patients with osteoarthritis of hip or knee over three months or more.
		In all trials chondroitin sulphate resulted in a significant reduction in NSAID or analgesic use, and this was much more marked than for placebo.
		The limitations on what type of chondroitin sulphate, and what dose, limit the general applicability of the review, but it is at least a start in answering the question about whether chondroitin sulphate is any use in osteoarthritis.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/Arthritis/CSOA.html (358 words)

	Product Abstract: Chondroitin Sulphate
		Synovial fluid chondroitin and keratan sulphate epitopes, glycosaminoglycans, and hyaluronan in arthritic and normal knees.
		OBJECTIVES: To determine concentrations of chondroitin sulphate (CS) and keratan sulphate (KS) epitopes, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and hyaluronan (HA) in knee synovial fluid (SF) from normal subjects and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to test whether these variables may be used as markers of the OA process.
		OBJECTIVES-Chondroitin sulphate is the major sulphated glycosaminoglycan present in the extracellular matrix of soft connective tissues and the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of chondroitin sulphate species in normal and diseased synovium.
	www.lef.org /prod_hp/abstracts/php-ab529.html (753 words)

	glucosamine chondroitin sulphate
		As it turns out, chondroitin sulphate is a highly 'electronegative' structure, which means that it has an extremely powerful capacity to attract and retain water molecules.
		The Italian researchers wisely concluded that chondroitin sulphate seems to have a slow but gradually increasing clinical activity in patients suffering from osteoarthritis, with the benefits lasting for a relatively long period after supplementation is discontinued.
		The French researchers concluded that chondroitin sulphate is useful for the treatment of osteoarthritis, both as an agent which progressively becomes more effective against symptoms and as a compound which reduces the need for less-well-tolerated medications.
	www.pponline.co.uk /encyc/0165.htm (1733 words)

	Management of tetanus with magnesium sulphate
		The use of magnesium sulphate infusions in the management of tetanus enables one to minimise sedation and reduce the need for mechanical ventilation, and thereby greatly simplifying the care of the tetanus patient.
		Furthermore, magnesium sulphate is already a well-known entity due to its extensive use in the management of pregnancy induced hypertension.
		We conclude that magnesium sulphate in a dosage titrated to the preservation of the patellar reflex and maintaining serum concentrations within the therapeutic range could be used as the sole drug to control the spasms of severe tetanus.
	www.mgwater.com /tetanus.shtml (4050 words)

	Sulphate
		Sulphates are introduced into treated waters by the use of such chemicals as aluminium sulphate, sodium bisulphate (dry acid) and sulphuric acid.
		In industrial waters containing sulphate localized corrosion of iron, steel and aluminium in plant and pipework can occur through the action of sulphate-reducing bacteria.
		This causes expansion and crumbling of the cement.
	www.aquaticlife.ca /Parameters/Sulphate.asp (149 words)

	Etching with Copper Sulphate on Zinc
		Copper sulphate (CuSO4) is a salt and not an acid.
		Etching aluminium with a mixture of copper sulphate and sodium chloride (kitchen salt) was invented by Nik Semenoff.
		Copper sulphate is sold as a fungicide by gardening shops, and wholesale dealers in chemical products and veterinary products, in bags of 25 kilos, by pharmacies in boxes of 250 grams, and by suppliers of artists' materials per kilo.
	www.printstudio.org.au /sa/copetch.html (2102 words)

	Sulphate Aerosol and CCN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Sulphate is emitted into the atmosphere from a variety of sources.
		The increase in Sulphate aerosol CCN therefore increases the average cloud cover over a particular area.
		Also, not only does an increase in sulphate aerosol increase cloud cover, the specific type of cloud droplets formed from Sulphate Aerosol CCN is very small compared to naturally occurring cloud droplets.
	www.uea.ac.uk /~e057127/sulphate.html (315 words)

	Genesis Glucosamine Sulphate and Arthritis
		Glucosamine sulphate has even been compared to the powerful pain reliever ibuprofen commonly known as Motrin, Advil, Nurofen, etc. In one eight week, double-blind study, published in Current Medical Research Opinion, 1.5 grams of glucosamine sulphate was compared to 1.2 grams of ibuprofen.
		Double-blind clinical evaluation of the relative efficacy of ibuprofen and glucosamine sulphate in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee in out-patients.
		The combination of Glucosamine Sulphate and MSM is thought to be a valuable aid for arthritis and general pain relief.
	darrendixon.supanet.com /glucosaminesulphate.htm (588 words)

	Copper sulphate
		Today in the world there are more than 100 manufacturers and the world's consumption is around 200,000 tonnes per annum of which it is estimated that approximately three-quarters is used in agriculture, principally as a fungicide.
		Commercially copper sulphate contains 25% metallic copper and is sold with a guaranteed minimum purity of 98% copper sulphate.
		Thus a 1 % Bordeaux mixture, which is the normal, would have the formula 1:1:100, the first 1 representing 1 kg copper sulphate, the second representing 1 kg hydrated lime, and the 100 representing 100 litres (100 kg) water.
	www.cda.org.uk /megab2/general/useofcu/copper.htm (1516 words)

	Acid Sulphate Soils
		Over the past few years Acid Sulphate Soils (ASS) causing acid runoffs have only come to the attention of the community because of increasing releases of acid into the aquatic and marine environment which have killed many fish.
		In Australia, the acid sulphate soils of most concern are those which formed within the past 10,000 years, after the last major sea level rise.
		Maps of acid sulphate soils in NSW at 1:25,000 at $10.00 ea from Department of Land and Water Conservation, Sydney (02) 9228 6315
	www.rag.org.au /acidsulphate/default.htm (709 words)

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