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Topic: Sumerian Sunset

	Sumerian Calendars and Astronomy - Crystalinks
		Sumerian astronomy was primitive compared to later Babylonian standards.
		Sumerians also developed a rudimentary system of astrological divination for use in foreseeing the future of city-states and battles, but not for predicting personal futures.
		It is important to note the similarity of the old Sumerian calendar and the Hebrew calendar, including the timing of the Hebrew Passover (around the same time as the Sumerian New Year), and the beginning of the Hebrew Sabbath (at sundown).
	www.crystalinks.com /sumercalendars.html (794 words)

	The Sumerian Calendar
		Sumerians numbered their years by the year of the reign of a king, i.e., ‘in the third year of the reign of Lugalzaggesi,’ etc. King lists were kept for dating prior reigns.
		Sumerian months were strictly lunar and each month began at the first sighting of the new moon.
		The length of Sumerian a hour actually varied by season (a daytime hour was one-sixth of the available daylight and so would be much longer in the summer than in the winter) but over a year, an hour averaged double the length of our present-day hours (120 minutes).
	www.jameswbell.com /a005calendar.html (526 words)

	Phenomenon - the Sumerian civilization - Religion
		The Sumerian people did not have a well formulated view of the afterlife with regard to their human ancestors.
		Sumerians believed that once in the Underworld, in order for a soul to reach tha land where the dead dwelled, he would have to cross a river, being carried across by a ferryman, (similar to the Greek concept of the River Styx and the ferryman, Charon).
		There were two "seasons" in the Sumerian year; a "summer" season emesh, which began on the Vernal Equinox; and a "winter" season, enten, which began on the Autumnal Equinox.
	www.stateoftheart.nl /phenomenon/frames/subjects/civi/sumerian/religion.htm (1021 words)

	Did the ancient Sumerians know about our "solar system?"
		The Sumerians were clearly intelligent people with a value system, a set of laws, diversification of labor, a monetary system, marriage and divorce, and many of the attributes of a sophisticated culture.
		Sumerian symbology stressed the power of the gods, and also honored the moon's phases with monthly rites: "on the day of the disappearance of the moon, on the day of the sleeping of the moon." Did they know what the moon's phases really constituted?
		In later Sumerian traditions, she is the daughter of Nanna (Narrar), the Moon God and Ningal, the Moon Goddess (both of Ur)...
	www.edwardtbabinski.us /geocentrism/sumerians.html (2156 words)

	Ancient Whispers from Chaldea by Arthyr W. Chadbourne of Intelligenesis Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		We rotate the entire sunset chart in a clockwise manner using the Sun as the significator of age at the rate of five degrees of solar arc for each year of life.
		The time of birth coupled with the sunset chart is important because of the configuration of the planetary locations between the sunset and birth chart.
		The integration between the planets’ position on the previous sunset to their positions at the time of birth creates a basic aspect that is tantamount for forecasting events in each life.
	www.bookmasters.com /marktplc/rr00337.htm (2529 words)

	Sky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On a sunny day the Earth sky usually looks as a blue gradient — dark in the zenith, light near the horizon (due to Rayleigh scattering).
		It turns orange and red during sunrise and sunset, and becomes fl at night.
		Sky luminance distribution models have been recommended by CIE (the International Lighting Commission) for the design of daylighting schemes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sky (707 words)

	Episode II
		The Sumerian Epic was read as a central part of the New Year rituals, often portrayed in the Babylonian equivalent of a Passion Play.
		It’s important to recognize that the Sumerians were telling it like it is! This is not mythology, nor a fantasy of a five thousand year old civilization.
		Inasmuch as the Sumerian version is the original and the basis of the biblical Genesis, one might ask whether or not it is reasonable to expect an equally willing acceptance of the Sumerian texts.
	www.halexandria.org /dward723.htm (5247 words)

	sky - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Atmosphere, mixture of gases surrounding any celestial object that has a gravitational field strong enough to prevent the gases from escaping;...
		Atmosphere, Space, Why is the sky blue?, Why is the sunset red?, clouds, night sky, pictures of the sky, quotations, rainbows, sun
		Egyptian mythology, Greek mythology, Norse mythology, Roman mythology, Sumerian Religion
	ca.encarta.msn.com /sky.html (129 words)

	Nisan/Nissan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Nisan Nisan (Standard Hebrew Nisan, Tiberian Hebrew Nîsan: from Akkadian nisanu, from Sumerian nisag "First fruits") is the first month of the civil year and the seventh month (eighth, in leap year) of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar.
		In traditional Christian belief Jesus' death occurred at 3:00 (i.e., the ninth canonical hour) on the afternoon of 15 Nisan, the first day of Passover, and the Last Supper was a Passover Seder held the night before on the evening of 15 Nisan.
		In the Hebrew calendar the day begins at sunset, as in the Book of Genesis, "there was evening, and there was morning" in that order.
	www.red-ice.net /winterwonderland/nisan.html (666 words)

	Sumerian Questions and Answers
		When the Sumerians invented their writing system around 5400 years ago, it was a pictographic and ideographic system like the Chinese, and as you know, the Chinese have over a thousand characters to their writing, so it is not alphabetic.
		The Sumerian true type font is needed for specialized transliteration symbols, such as the g with the tilde over it and the h with the dish under it.
		The fact that the Sumerians shared their land with Semitic-speaking Akkadians was important because the Akkadians had to turn the Sumerian logographic writing into phonetic syllabic writing in order to use cuneiform to represent phonetically the spoken words of the Akkadian language.
	www.sumerian.org /sumerfaq.htm (10429 words)

	ADAPA'S TREATISE ON SUMERIAN RELIGION
		What we have no Sumerian source for, unfortunately, is an explanation of how Nammu/Engur was engendered, or whether on the contrary she was a preexistent force.
		Thus, as the concept of the deity Ninurta progressed, for example, he came to be viewed as possessing a human form; and his role broadened from that of a primitive thunder god, to a God of war and of the spring storms which brought fertility to the land.
		The Sumerians had no concept of daylight savings, though they were well aware of the variances in the length of daylight and nighttime hours during the year.
	www.angelfire.com /tx/gatestobabylon/sumrel1.html (4218 words)

	Gilgamesh Summary
		Sumerian versions: There are 5 extant separate poems written in Sumerian cuneiform and lacking common themes but providing episodes about "Bilgames" (i.e., Gilgamesh).
		Sumerian had predominated in the urban south, whereas Akkadian initially predominated in the north.
		The Annunaki (Sumerian: Anunna) were the gods [mostly] of the Netherworld taken together; the Igigi were the gods [mostly] of the heavens.
	www.mcgoodwin.net /pages/otherbooks/gilgamesh.html (5278 words)

	Nimrod: Evil Genius for the Intellectually Blind? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Sumerian period (often incorrectly referred to as 'early Babylonian') begins sometime prior to 3000 BC (probably as early as 4000 BC).
		The Sumerian and Babylonian myths differ radically, but there are many similarities that show clearly that the Babylonians expanded on and adapted the basic Sumerian model.
		Until the 18th century an hour was usually taken as the 12th part of the period between sunrise and sunset or between sunset and sunrise and varied with the seasons.
	www.doleos.demon.co.uk /nimrodnotevil.htm (5247 words)

	[No title]
		The different Sumerian city-states each maintained its own calendar with its own month names and relied on its own observations as to when the month began and when it needed to be intercalated.
		Sumerians > inserted intercalary months in their lunar calendars as early as 2000 > BC to conform the seasons, esentially correcting lunar calendars with > data from solar observations.
		Sumerians named constellations on the > ecliptic -- for example Annunitum (Pisces) -- located in areas of the > sky where there are no bright stars or features of interest -- and they > seem to have been more interested in these areas than in other brighter > stars located away from the ecliptic.
	oi.uchicago.edu /OI/ANE/ANE-DIGEST/V03/v03.n127 (5372 words)

	Sumerian Religion - www.GatewaysToBabylon.com
		The Mesopotamians, he adds, took painstaking notes of the coming of the sunrise and sunset every day, the return of the seasons, the planets and the stars, always revolving and returning to charted points in the skies.
		The bond that was thus established between heaven and earth from the beginning of Sumerian religion, whereby from this moment on humankind is called upon to continue for the gods the workings of existence and faithful servants.
		From the beginning of Sumerian Religion, from the creation of man and woman it is therefore present the everlasting bond between matter and spirit.
	www.gatewaystobabylon.com /religion/eternal.htm (2182 words)

	Pokotia Inscriptions
		This is not surprising given this decipherment of the Pokotia statue and the Magna Fuente bowl which indicated that the Sumerians had established many aspects of their religion in Bolivia.
		The Sumerian term for copper was urudu, this term agrees with the Aymara terms for gold 'ouri' and copper 'anta, yawri'.
		The presence of Sumerian terms in the Aymara language, and Sumerian writing on the Fuente Magna bowl and Pokotia statue make it obvious that Sumerian civilization was formerly widespread in South America.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Bay/7051/poko2.htm (1638 words)

	Planet X
		The Sumerian Culture is the oldest known civilization we know of based on the artifacts and monuments that still remain.
		The Sumerian culture, the first civilization to invent writing as a complete written language, recorded stories that have been preserved through the modern day biblical passages found in the Old and New Testaments — all of which speak of a time when man lived among their living gods here on earth.
		The Sumerians were the first to invent over 100 of the first's for a modern culture.
	www.timstouse.com /EarthHistory/planetx.htm (2296 words)

	AskWhy! Marduk and Monotheism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Each of the Sumerian city states had their own god, and the set of them became the Sumerian pantheon when the country was united.
		The Sumerian god, Asallubi of Eridu, was a son of Enki, and was the god of personal favours and “white magic”.
		The multiplicity of Sumerian gods and their idea that they were all subject to a divine order meant that Sumerians were tolerant of other gods and religions.
	www.askwhy.co.uk /judaism/0235Marduk.html (10227 words)

	Arabic Alphabets Images
		Archaeological evidence suggests that taawula was played over 5,000 years ago in the Sumerian city of Ur, located in what is now southern Iraq, where archeological digs have turned up a table very similar in appearance to the backgammon board.
		Sunset is one of the five required times of prayer in Islam.
		Africa, known in Arabic as the maghrib, meaning “place of sunset” or “west.” Sunset is a particularly important time of day during the Islamic month of Ramadan.
	www.amideast.org /offices/kuwait/saud/arabic_words.htm (2982 words)

	Michaela August - Historical Fiction Author
		If they were members of the House in previous lives, their original name is announced to the House.
		If they are outsiders adopted into the House, a djinn Protector of the House sponsors them and gives them a Sumerian name that reflects the sponsorship.
		The language of its people, written in cuneiform (or wedge-shaped marks) is Sumerian.
	www.michaela-august.com /hor_glossary.html (3602 words)

	completelest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Cats were taken to the Holy city upon their deaths, where they were embalmed in Sacred Temples and buried.
		Originally in the Nile delta, Lion Goddess of Sunset, symbolizing the fertilizing force of the Sun's rays.
		Sumerian Birth Goddess Who enabled pregnant women to make their babies bones out of their own ribs.
	www.mothergoddess.com /completelist.htm (5777 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The problem with sun clocks (besides not being useful when cloudy or at night) was the fact that the sub-units of the day---the hours---were not uniform throughout the year.
		You can also note that the sunsets mirror the sunrises, in that during spring and summer, the sun sets to the north of west (northwest), and during the fall and winter, the sun sets to the south of west (southwest).
		It was quickly realized that the sun's motion along the horizon at sunset and sunrise repeated year after year.
	ganymede.nmsu.edu /tharriso/ast110/class03.html (3992 words)

	Sumerian Mythology: Chapter II. Myths of Origins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The major source for the Sumerian conception of the creation of the universe is the introductory passage to a Sumerian poem which I have entitled "Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Nether World." The history of its decipherment is illuminating and not uninteresting.
		At the time of its publication, Sumerian grammatical and lexicographical studies had made relatively little scientific progress, and the contents of this difficult poem were largely misunderstood.
		According to one Sumerian tradition, it was the oldest city in Sumer, the first of the five cities founded before the flood; our myth, on the other hand, implies that the city Nippur preceded it in age.
	www.sacred-texts.com /ane/sum/sum07.htm (12519 words)

	The Babylonian Story of the Deluge and the Epic of Gilgamish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The signs of which the meanings are given are in the middle column; the Sumerian values are given in the column to the left, and their meanings in Assyrian in the column to the right.
		It is, at all events, well known that the Sumerians regarded the Deluge as an historic event, which they were, practically, able to date, for some of their records contain lists of kings who reigned before the Deluge, though it must be confessed that the lengths assigned to their reigns are incredible.
		There is no doubt that the cities of Lower Babylonia were nearer the sea in the Sumerian Period than they are at present, and it is a generally accepted view that the head of the Persian Gulf lay farther to the north at that time.
	www.sacred-texts.com /ane/gilgdelu.htm (11120 words)

	AHURA.INFO - Official Web Site
		The Sumerian culture is the first recorded civilization on earth, then called Sumerian, today's Iraq.
		The Sumerian culture, the first civilization to invent writing as a complete written language, recorded stories that have been preserved through the modern day biblical passages found in the Old and New testament.
		The Sumerians said Earth was really half a planet called Tiamat, which broke up in a collision with Nibiru, [or Planet X].
	www.ahura.info /space_info.html (6057 words)

	The Lost Tribe of Israel, The Tribe of Dann, BUFO Paranormal and UFO Radio, Mary Sutherland, In Search of Shambhala
		It was the same as the script he saw in Sumerian seals of the same Sargon period found in the Indus Valley.
		All these kings of the Sumer Empire were given 'solar titles' because of the obsession and emphasis on the worship of the Sun and the symbolism of the Sun as God.
		The Minoan culture was a mirror of the Sumerian and the period of Menes in Egypt.
	www.burlingtonnews.net /dann2.html (2664 words)

	[No title]
		Comparing Sumerian to some modern Bantu language is like a biologist comparing Homo sapiens to the whales, and forgetting that each has much closer relatives that need to be considered first.
		About an hour and a half after sunset on the Vernal (Spring) Equinox near Cairo around 3500 B.C.E. a glimmering head, face-up with mouth agape, would have been seen on the western horizon at the point where the sun had disappeared.
		When the Ural-Altaic theories were in, there was a period of two or three generations when the Sumerians were regularly referred to as "Turanians" by some of the big names in the field of Orientalism.
	oi.uchicago.edu /OI/ANE/ANE-DIGEST/1999/v1999.n056 (7266 words)

	PLANET X, NIBIRU, ANCIENT ASTRONAUTS, NASA, MARS, EARTH
		Mesopotamian texts exalt the planet's radiance and suggested that it could be seen even at daytime: "visible at sunrise, disappearing from view at sunset." A cylinder seal found at Nippur, depicts a group of plowmen looking up with awe as the 12th planet (depicted as the Cross) is visible in the skies.
		The Mesopotamian texts spoke of the planet's periodic appearance as an anticipated, predictable, and observable event.
		Many of the Sumerian Cylinder seals describe a planet that's orbit takes it far beyond Pluto, but also comes in from the SOUTH and moves in a clockwise direction - according to the Mesopotamian data.
	xfacts.com /x4.htm (304 words)

	[No title]
		Describe the uses to which stars were put, particularly in navigation and in tracking the seasons in the absence of printed calendars.
		Have them note distance from the sun's location either right before sunrise or right after sunset (one adult pinky equals approximately one arc degree -adjustments may be necessary for student hand size) but make sure the sun is past the horizon when the measurement is taken.
		A sunset calendar would be useful to help students determine when they need to go outside and look for the first appearance of Venus.
	home.earthlink.net /~wyrdling/chrysm (595 words)

	Scorpion - at 3200 B.C. and Sargon the Great and Ka-Ap in Egypt
		Then Pra-Vira (Sumerian Sargon) had by his wife ACCHURA Seni (Sumerian Ash-nar, Ash-lal, The Lady Ash) a son named MANASYU of the line of the PRABHU ["Pharaoh"), the royal eye of GOPTA [Kopt or Egypt, Aigyptos, ancient Egyptian Gebt or Gabt, cognate with the Greek Kopt-os or Copt].
		Goddess Serket (Serqet, Selket) is a scorpion-goddess, shown as a beautiful woman with a scorpion on her head.
		Therefore the debate of Sumerian verses Egyptian civilization were the first to create writing goes on.
	www.mazzaroth.com /ChapterFour/KingScorpion.htm (2833 words)

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