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Topic: Sunni Ali Ber

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	Sonni Ali - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sonni Ali, who reigned from about 1464 to 1492, was the first great king of the Songhai Empire, and the 15th ruler of the Sonni dynasty.
		Under Sonni Ali, Songhai extended to cover a great chunk of the Niger River area and gained control of crucial trading areas such as Timbuktu and Jenne.
		During Sonni Ali's reign, Songhai surpassed the height of the Mali Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sonni_Ali (160 words)

	4. Songhay. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Under ruler Sunni Ali Ber, Songhay forces conquered extensive territory along the Niger River.
		Sunni Ali Ber conquered Timbuktu, Jenne, the inner delta of the Niger, and other areas along the Niger waterway to the east.
		Sunni Ali Ber's successor, Askiya Muhammad I, was a devout Muslim.
	www.bartleby.com /67/356.html (362 words)

	Total War Center Forums - Who's your favorite general/king?
		Sunni Ali Ber ascended to the Songhay throne in 1464.
		Sunni Ali died in 1492, while returning from a campaign in the south, drowning under suspicious circumstances, though accounts from that era are vague on details.
		In 28 years, Sunni Ali took the small Kingdom of Gao and built an empire that spanned nearly the whole length of the Niger River from east to west and connected the Saharan desert to the gold and ivory producing regions of the south.
	www.twcenter.net /forums/printthread.php?t=13460 (1619 words)

	short facts
		Sunni Ali began his campaign of conquest in 1468 by taking Timbuktu, which was then ruled by the Tuarges a nomadic Berber people.
		Sunni Ali's next target, the city of Djenne, did not surrender until 1473, after a siege that lasted, according to histories, for seven years, seven months, and seven days.
		As Sunni Ali consolidated his new realm, he strove to reconcile the beliefs of the rural folk who believe in their traditional deities, with those of the Muslim city dwellers.
	www.ipoaa.com /short_facts.htm (7872 words)

	Sunni Islam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sunni (Arabic: سني) means follower of the sunna of the prophet, with some details.
		Other Sunnis say that it is acceptable to mix madhabs, to accept one madhab's ruling regarding one issue, and accept another madhab's ruling regarding a different issue.
		Most Sunni accept the hadith collections of Bukhari and Muslim as the most authentic (sahih, or correct), and grant a lesser status to the collections of other recorders.
	en.orangehedgehog.com /content/Sunni (1435 words)

	Sunni Ali Ber
		FSunni Ali Ber was the first great leader of Africa’s Songhai Empire.
		Like other Songhais, as a young man Sunni Ali had been enlisted in the army of the Malian Empire, which then controlled Songhai areas around the Niger River.
		Sunni Ali organized an uprising against Malian rule and succeeded in capturing Djenne, Timbuktu, and other market centers.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0931693.html (149 words)

	Sunni Ali Ber
		Sunni Ali, whose real name was Ali Kolon, began as a common soldier in the army of KanKan Musa, Mandingo ruler of the Mellistine Empire, into which he had been forcibly enlisted, after the defeat and enslavement of his people, the Songhays.
		Forced even to fight his own people, Sunni Ali was overcome with rage at the cruelties of the Mellestine emperor and swore that one day, he would take up arms to free his people.
		On November 6, 1493, Sunni Ali's horse slipped and fell into the Koni River, Ali and his horse were swept over the falls and drowned.
	www.africawithin.com /hpi/hp14.htm (234 words)

	Nguni Imports Presents: Virtual Africa--History of Mali
		With a highly mobile standing army, Ali Ber defeated his traditional rivals in the region, including the Fulani, the Dogon, and the Mossi.
		After consolidating the smaller chiefdoms, Ali Ber set his sights on the last remaining remnants of the empire of Mali: the cities of Timbuktu and Jenne.
		Ali Ber also ordered the deaths of the Muslim leaders who had betrayed their city (he felt they would betray him as well), and forced others into exile.
	www.nguni.com /culture/virtualafrica/mali/historyc.html (1387 words)

	Sunni Ali Ber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		It was not until Sunni Ali Ber, a member of the Sunni dynasty, ascended to the throne in 1464, that the rulers of Gao looked beyond the confines of the Niger valley.
		Sunni Ali Ber built a well-organized army, which consisted of infantry, cavalry and a powerful navy—a fleet of ships manned by Sorko fishermen—which patrolled the Niger.
		Sunni Ali Ber looted and burned the city and is said to have murdered most of the priests and scholars there.
	www.blackhistorypages.net /pages/sunnialiber.php (730 words)

	Mythinglinks/AFRICA/Sub-Sahara: Songhay Peoples of Subsahara Africa
		Sunni Ali marched on Timbuktu and captured it along with its great University of Sankore, which had thousands of students from many parts of the world.
		Sunni Ali, in addition to restoring order to the Sudan (the Arabic expression for West Africa), was also a brilliant administrator.
		Sunni Ali embraced and respected the Islamic faith of his trading partners, which accounted for much of his success as a ruler.
	www.mythinglinks.org /afr~subsahara~Songhay.html (7554 words)

	Click Afrique: Magazine: History: Africa's Ancient Empires - Songhai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sunni Ali is widely seen as the architect of the Songhai Empire, building on the freedom of Songhai from the crumbling Mali Empire.
		Sunni Ali captured Timbuktu from Tuareg occupiers, the nomadic desert Berbers who had exploited waning Malian influence to capture the city.
		Sunni Ali was great warrior-king and made extensive use of Calvary to expand and tighten his grip on a growing empire.
	www.clickafrique.com /0400rpt/history1004.asp (530 words)

	Search Results for "Sunni" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Inflected forms: pl. Sunni or Sun·nis A Muslim belonging to this branch; a Sunnite.
		Songhay 1464-92 Under ruler Sunni Ali Ber, Songhay forces conquered extensive territory along the Niger River.
		Among the Sunni the term refers to the leader in the Friday prayer at the mosque; any...
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Sunni (295 words)

	Africa - Government
		The first ruler of Songhay was Sunni Ali Ber.
		Sunni Ali Ber was a great thinker, a good planner and a fearless conqueror.
		Sunni Ali, Sunni Ali Ber's nephew, was a great ruler.
	www.kidsnewsroom.org /elmer/infoCentral/frameset/civilizations/africa/gov (255 words)

	A History of Africa, Chapter 6
		Today Sunni Ali Ber is a controversial figure, because the records we have of his reign, written down by devout Moslems after the Sunni dynasty was overthrown, portray him as a great warrior but an enemy of the faith.
		His son, Sunni Baru, was also Moslem in name only, and the Moslems, who had been subdued as long as Sunni Ali Ber was alive, now staged a revolt to put a pious Moslem on the throne.
		Ali 'Gajideni's reign overlapped with those of Sunni Ali Ber and Askia Muhammed Toure, the two great kings of Songhay, so when Songhay declined afterwards, Bornu saw its golden age.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /africa/af06.html (18519 words)

	SUNNI ALI BER (1464-1492) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sunni Ali, whose real name was Ali Kolon, began as a common soldier in the army of KanKan Musa, Mandingo ruler of the Mellistine Empire, into which he had been forcibly enlisted, after the defeat and en- slavement of his people, the Songhays.
		Sunni Ali, together with his brother Selmar Nar, laid careful plans for escape.
		It appears that Sunni Ali, ruled his entire kingdom from horseback.
	www.nbufront.org /html/MastersMuseums/JHClarke/HistoricalPersonalities/hp14.html (243 words)

	Askia Mohammad I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He is reputed to be buried in the Tomb of Askia in Gao, a World Heritage Site.
		The successor of Sunni Ali Ber, Askia Muhammad was much more astute and farsighted than his predecessor had ever been.
		He orchestrated a program of expansion and consolidation which extended the empire from Taghaza in the North to the borders of Yatenga in the South; and from Air in the Northeast to Futa Tooro in Senegambia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Askia_Mohammad_I (384 words)

	htimelines2
		Songhai (or Songhay) Empire, centered at Gao, dominates the central Sudan after Sunni Ali Ber’s army defeated the largely Tuareg contingent at Tombouctou (or Timbuktu) and captured the city.
		An uncompromising warrior-king, Ali Ber extended the Songhai empire by controlling the Niger River with a navy of war vessels.
		The death of Sunni Ali Ber created a power vacuum in the Songhai Empire, and his son was soon deposed by Mamadou Toure who ascended the throne in 1492 under the name
	www.wheresitat.com /time_2.htm (1913 words)

	Great Kings and Queens of Africa - Sunni Ali Ber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		hen Sunni Ali Ber came to power, Songhay was a small kingdom in the western Sudan.
		But during his twenty-eight-year reign, it grew into the largest, most powerful empire in West Africa.
		unni Ali Ber built a remarkable army and with this ferocious force, the warrior king won battle after battle.
	members.tripod.com /~Abyssinia/Africa/SunniAliBer.html (99 words)

	Askia The Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Mohammed Ben Abu Bekr, the favored general of Sunni Ali, believed that he was entitled to the throne after Sunni Ali's death, rather than Ali's son, Abu Kebr.
		Claiming that the power was his by right of achievement, Mohammed attacked the new ruler a year later and defeated him in one of the bloodiest battles in history.
		When one of Sunni Ali's daughters heard the news, she cried out "Askia," which means "forceful one." This title was taken by Mohammed as his new name.
	www.africawithin.com /hpi/hp15.htm (233 words)

	Study Notes West Africa Course, Anthro 1150, Dr (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In 1468 A.D., Sunni Ali Ber’s army defeated the largely Tuareg contingent at Timbuktu and captured the city.
		An uncompromising warrior-king, and a non-Muslim, Ali Ber extended the Songhai empire by controlling the Niger River with a navy of war vessels.
		The death of Sunni Ali Ber in 1492 A.D. created a vacuum which his son was unable to fill, and he was soon deposed by Mamadou Touré who ascended the throne in 1492 A.D. under the name Askia (meaning General) Muhammad.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /~emendons/notes1.html (11059 words)

	Kings & Queens of Africa: Sunni (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		When Sunni Ali Ber came to power, Songhay was a small kingdom in the western Sudan.
		Sunni Ali Ber built a remarkable army and with this ferocious force, the warrior king won battle after battle.
		He captured Timbuktu, bringing into the Songhay empire a major center of commerce, culture, and Moslem scholarship.
	www.freedomtrail.org /sunni.htm (81 words)

	belton site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Sunni Ali ruled from horseback, leading his country while leading his army.
		He built a remarkable army-not farmers hastily pressed into service, but full time, professional soldiers, including a horse and camel cavalry with men in armor.
		Sunni Ali was both feared by his enemies and revered by his people, who called him Ali the Great.
	www.beltonfamily.org /sunniali.html (278 words)

	Already Details
		Our remembrance cannot possibly be the same as that of the whites who will celebrate Columbus.
		In 1942 the great king of Songhay, Sunni Ali Ber, died.
		These three facts, the death of the mighty Sunni Ali Ber, the victory of the Spanish Inquisition and Columbus's arrival in the Caribbean, are inextricably tied to events in our contemporary world.
	www.mochasuite.com /Stories/ashaa_details.asp?ID=138 (646 words)

	Now Is Your Time!, Walter Dean Myers - HarperChildrens
		By the ninth century the religion of Islam had spread its influence among the early inhabitants of ancient Ghana.
		The kingdom of Ghana gave way to that of Mali, with its center of learning at Timbuktu and the beginnings of the gold trade across the Sahara Desert, and by the end of the fifteenth century, Sunni Ali Ber and Askia Muhammad I, the great leaders of the powerful Songhai Empire, were legendary figures.
		In the 1400's, long caravans of traders made their way from the forests of the Yoruba across the continent to Egypt in east Africa.
	www.harperchildrens.com /authorintro/catalog/excerpt_xml.asp?isbn=0064461203 (983 words)

	GR-11, Sunni Ali Ber, African Kings & Queens, The Duncan Royale Collection
		Presenting: Gbadebo, Shaka, Moshesh, Tenkamenin, Hannibal, Sunni Ali Ber.
		Sunni Ali Ber - King of Songhay was one of eight small statues made by Duncan Royale, presenting a collection called -The History of "Africa's Kings and Queens" 6" Figurine collection.
		Sunni Ali Ber founded the Sunni Dynasty in 1464.
	www.armiks.com /duncan-royal/African_Kings___Queens__The_Du/GR-6__Gbadebo__African_Kings__/GR-7__Hannibal__Large__African/GR-8__Shaka__African_Kings___Q/GR-9__Moshesh__African_Kings__/_gr-11__sunni_ali_ber__african.html (258 words)

	WorldNet Virginia: Mali - History
		It was in the fifteenth century, when the empire of Mali was greatly weakened, that Songhai was able to expand its territory.
		Sunni Ali Ber (Ali the Great) extended his rule from Gao to Timbuktu and Djenne in the mid-fifteenth century, and then conquered the whole kingdom of Mali, using a powerful army of horsemen and a fleet of war canoes.
		He made Songhai the largest and most powerful of all the Sudanese kingdoms.
	mali.pwnet.org /history/history_songhai_empire.htm (697 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - West Africa EEP
		So maybe the state religion should be Sunni with the provinces pagan.
		When Sunni Ali Ber conquered the city his was enraged because he believed the learned class of Timbuktu favored the troublesome Tuaregs.
		In response, he looted and burnt the city while killing most of the priests and scholars.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=48892 (2823 words)

	Know Africa - Timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Songhai (or Songhay) Empire, centered at Gao, dominates the central Sudan after Sunni Ali Ber’s army
		Ali Ber extended the Songhai empire by controlling the Niger River with a navy of war vessels.
		The death of Sunni Ali Ber created a power vacuum in the Songhai Empire, and his son was soon deposed
	www.atlanticrock.com /KnowAfrica-Timeline.html (2123 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - West Africa EEP
		Songhai is pagan and becomes sunni in 1496
		Therefore if not in the beginning they should be a sunni state which differs them greatly from Benin/Oyo.
		As posted earlier I have a list of Monarchs for Kano and also ones for Zaria, Nupe, and could easily acquire one for Kanem Bornu.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?s=&threadid=48892 (2946 words)

	Phaneronoemikon: songhay concept w/ red line to Sunni Ali Ber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Phaneronoemikon: songhay concept w/ red line to Sunni Ali Ber
		songhay concept w/ red line to Sunni Ali Ber
		This is a paragraph of text that could go in the sidebar.
	www.phaneronoemikon.org /blog/2006/02/songhay-concept-w-red-line-to-sunni.html (31 words)

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